五台山古元古代晚期的动力学背景:王家会花岗岩地球化学的制约

五台山西段王家会古元古代花岗岩侵入体主要由石英二长闪长岩、花岗闪长岩和二长花岗岩组成.岩石地球化学分析表明这些岩石具有亚铝钙碱性特征(A/CNK<1.1),在原始地幔标准化的蜘蛛网图上表现Nb、Ta、Sr、P和Ti的亏损,大离子亲石元素富集.εNd(2.1Ga)在-3.82～-2.80范围,表明王家会古元古代花岗岩最有可能形成于大约2.6Ga五台山大洋岛弧火山岩物质和更老的陆壳物质在<1.2GPa条件下的部分熔融.岩石学和地球化学研究表明王家会花岗岩属于后碰撞花岗岩,结合区域上古元古代地质特征,表明华北克拉通中部带南段古元古代晚期的花岗岩构成了与正常造山过程花岗岩浆演化相反的序列.这个花岗岩演化序列说明古元古代晚期可能发生了从伸展到挤压的构造环境的转换.     

A method to separate conservative and magnetically-induced electric fields in calculations for MRI and MRS in electrically-small samples

This work presents a method to separately analyze the conservative electric fields (E_c, primarily originating with the scalar electric potential in the coil winding), and the magnetically-induced electric fields (E_i, caused by the time-varying magnetic field B1) within samples that are much smaller than one wavelength at the frequency of interest. The method consists of first using a numerical simulation method to calculate the total electric field (E_t) and conduction currents (J), then calculating E_i based on J, and finally calculating E_c by subtracting E_i from E_t. The method was applied to calculate electric fields for a small cylindrical sample in a solenoid at 600 MHz. When a non-conductive sample was modeled, calculated values of E_i and E_c were at least in rough agreement with very simple analytical approximations. When the sample was given dielectric and/or conductive properties, E_c was seen to decrease, but still remained much larger than E_i. When a recently-published approach to reduce heating by placing a passive conductor in the shape of a slotted cylinder between the coil and sample was modeled, reduced E_c and improved B1 homogeneity within the sample resulted, in agreement with the published results.     

Simple RF design for human functional and morphological cardiac imaging at 7 tesla

Morphological and functional cardiac MRI can potentially benefit greatly from the recent advent of commercial high-field (7 tesla and above) MRI systems. However, conventional hardware configurations at lower field using a body-coil for homogeneous transmission are not available at these field strengths. Sophisticated multiple-transmit-channel systems have been shown to be able to image the human heart at 7 tesla but such systems are currently not widely available. In this paper, we empirically optimize the design of a simple quadrature coil for cardiac imaging at 7 tesla. The size, geometry, and position have been chosen to produce a B₁ field with no tissue-induced signal voids within the heart. Standard navigator echoes for gating were adapted for operation at the heart/lung interface, directly along the head–foot direction. Using this setup, conventional and high-resolution cine functional imaging have been successfully performed, as has morphological imaging of the right coronary artery.     

Optical and structural characterization of ultrananocrystalline diamond/hydrogenated amorphous carbon composite films deposited via coaxial arc plasma

Ultrananocrystalline diamond/hydrogenated amorphous carbon composite films were deposited in the ambient of hydrogen by coaxial arc plasma deposition. The film compositions and chemical bonding structures were investigated by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoemission and hydrogen forward scattering spectroscopies. The sp³/(sp²+sp³) ratio and hydrogen content in the film were estimated to be 64% and 35?at.%, respectively. The optical parameters and the optical dispersion profile were determined by using a variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometer at 55°, 65° and 75° angle of incidence in the photon energy range of 0.9–5?eV. Combinations of multiple Gaussian, and Tauc-Lorentz or Cody-Lorentz dispersion functions are used to reproduce the experimental data. Results of ellipsometry showed a refractive index of approximately 2.05 (at 2eV) and optical band gap of 1.63?eV. The imaginary part of dielectric function exhibited a peak at 3.8?eV, which has assigned to π-π* electron transitions. Furthermore, Electron spin resonance measurements implied the existence of dangling bonds, which might have a partial contribution to the optical absorption properties of the deposited films. A correlation between optical parameters and structural profile of the deposited films is discussed.     

脉冲磁场测量系统的研制和标定

为了评估雷击建筑物或其附近室内的脉冲磁场水平,研制了一套由自制磁场探测线圈与光纤传输系统集成的脉冲磁场测量系统.光纤传输系统的灵敏度系数通过正弦波发生器进行标定.8/20μs冲击电流发生器输出端连接直径为0.3 m的单匝线圈组成磁场发生器,磁场探测线圈通过固定在单匝线圈的中心进行标定.试验结果表明,该系统能够有效地测量脉冲磁场,磁场探测线圈的B/U标定系数误差小于3%.     

20G钢表面氩弧重熔强化热浸镀铝层的性能

为改善热浸镀铝层性能,对20G钢表面热浸镀铝层进行氩弧重熔处理,利用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和x射线衍射仪对氩弧重熔前后的组织进行了观察,并测定了氩弧重熔前后截面显微硬度和袁面的耐磨性。结果表明：热浸镀铝层氩弧重熔强化是可行的。20G热浸镀铝层经氩弧重熔处理后,热浸镀铝层和基体互扩散至均匀混合,沿横截面方向组织由富铝层和扩散层转变为重熔层和过渡层,组织得到改善。20G热浸镀铝层经氩弧重熔处理可获得较高的表面硬度,表面硬度可达110MPa。氩弧重熔处理能明显改善热浸镀铝层的耐磨性,氩弧重熔处理后氩弧重熔层的相对耐磨性是重熔前的8．41倍。     

少片式钢板弹簧的设计与计算

结合某大客车的相关参数讨论了各片等长变断面钢板弹簧总成在自由状态下的弧高及曲率半径计算方法,完善和简化了设计计算公式;并考虑到钢板弹簧总成在装配后,因各片选取预应力不同,而导致的弧高变化,给出了少片式钢板弹簧弧高的核算方法。     

采用小波变换的光伏串联电弧故障检测

建立光伏系统电弧故障实验平台,利用光伏模拟器仿真不同天气环境下的光伏阵列,对光伏系统中串联电弧故障信号进行检测和分析.采用小波变换的方法对串联电弧故障信号进行特征频带提取,并利用移动时间窗方法统计信号在小波分解后的高频系数的能量值,用其表征电弧故障信号的杂乱度和混沌度.研究结果表明:该检测方法为快速准确地诊断串联电弧故障提供有效判据.     

Consecutive induction melting of nickel-based superalloy in electrode induction gas atomization

The crucible-free electrode induction melting gas atomization(EIGA) technology is an advanced technology for preparing ultra-clean nickel-based superalloy powders. One of the key issues for fabricating powders with high quality and yield is the consecutive induction melting of a superalloy electrode. The coupling of a superalloy electrode and coil,frequency, output power, and heat conduction are investigated to improve the controllable electrode induction melting process. Numerical simulation results show that when the coil frequency is 400 kHz, the output power is 100 kW, superalloy liquid flow with a diameter of about 5 mm is not consecutive. When the coil frequency is reduced to 40 kHz, the output power is 120 kW, superalloy liquid flow is consecutive, and its diameter is about 7 mm.     

Characteristics of helium DC plasma jets at atmospheric pressure with multiple cathodes

A novel DC plasma torch with multiple cathodes is developed for generating laminar, transitional and turbulent plasma jets. The jet's characteristics, including jet appearance, voltage fluctuation, thermal efficiency, specific enthalpy, and distributions of temperature, pressure, and velocity, are experimentally investigated. The results show that as the gas flow rate increases, the plasma jet transforms first from the laminar state to the transitional state and second to the turbulent state. Compared with the transitional/turbulent jet, the laminar jet possesses not only a better stability and a longer hightemperature zone but also a higher average/core temperature and a higher specific enthalpy at the nozzle's outlet. With the change of jet states from the laminar to the turbulent flow, the core pressure and velocity at the nozzle's outlet increase,while the decaying rates of temperature/pressure/velocity along the jet's axial direction increase sharply. Furthermore, applications of laminar, transitional and turbulent jets for zirconia spray coating are described. The test results indicate that the long laminar jet is favorable for the deposition of a high-quality coating because the powder particles injected into the laminar jet may have better heating and lower kinetic energy.