Preparation and Characterization of a Sol-Gel Prepared Ferroelectric Sandwich Structure

A novel silicon-based PbTiO₃/Pb(Zr,Ti)O₃/PbTiO₃ (PT/PZT/PT) sandwich structure has been prepared using a sol-gel method. The annealing temperature is greatly reduced compared with those structures without PT layers. Capacitance-voltage (C-V), leakage current-voltage (I-V), polarization-field (P-E), dielectric-frequency response and polarization fatigue of the sandwich structure are examined. The relative dielectric constant, the coercive field and the remanent polarization of the PZT films are measured to be about 900, 18 kV/cm and 16 C/cm² respectively. The current density is less than 5 × 10^–9 A/cm² below 200 kV/cm. The dielectric constant of the structure remains constant at low frequency, and decreases to some degree at high frequency. The retained polarization does not change significantly after 8 × 10⁹ read/write cycles. The PZT films are proved to have very good dielectric and ferroelectric properties. The new PT/PZT/PT sandwich structure can be valuable for memory devices and other applications.     

Surface free energies of styrene-acrylic acid copolymer plates prepared in various frames

Styrene (St)-acrylic acid (AA) copolymer plates were synthesized in the frames made of glass, aluminum (Al) and poly(difluoroethylene) (PDFE). Surface properties of the prepared copolymer plates were characterized with regard to critical surface tension ( _C ), chemical components by IR analysis and surface energies (total energy, _S ; dispersion force components, _S ^d ; polar component, _S ^p ; hydrogen bonding component, _S ^h ) and the following results were obtained.The _C values of the copolymer plates increased with AA content and also depended on the sort of the used frame. The increasing order of the _C values of the copolymer plates corresponded to those of the used frames, namely, PDFE frame < Al frame < Glass frame.The prepared copolymer plates with low AA contents (ca. 10 mol%) were enriched in the AA moiety in the surface layer regardless of the kind of the used frame.The total and the individual components of the surface free energies of the copolymer plates were largely affected by the property of the used frame. The glass frame gave the plate with higher _S ^h values suggesting preferential orientation of the polar site of AA component.     

非理想状态下的塔板理论模型

 在过程中 ,将流动相看成是由许多连续的塔板组成 ,每一塔板的高度与固定相塔板的高度相同。初始浓度的溶质被认为全部集中在流动相的第一塔板中 ;溶质在流动相和固定相之间动态分布。由于动力学因素的影响 ,当流动相流过一个塔板距离时 ,溶质不能够迅速地从固定相释放到流动相中 ,因此溶质在流动相和固定相中的分布浓度受到两个因素即反映系统热力学性质的分配系数P和反映系统动力学性质的释放概率因子α的影响。这一过程被认为是非理想状态下的过程。     

Binding of ferrocene by cyclic trimeric perfluoro-<Emphasis Type="Italic">o</Emphasis>-phenylenemercury. Synthesis and structure of the first double-decker sandwich complex of a sandwich

The first double-decker sandwich complex of a sandwich was synthesized and fully characterized. The complex was prepared by the reaction of cyclic trimeric perfluoro-o-phenylene-mercury (o-C₆F₄Hg)₃ (1) with ferrocene in an ethereal solution at 20 °C and has the composition {[(o-C₆F₄Hg)₃]₂(Cp₂Fe)} (2). The ferrocene sandwich in 2 is located between the planes of two mercury-containing macrocycles and is coordinated to each of them through donation of the -electrons of the ⁵-Cp ligands to vacant orbitals of the mercury atoms of the adjacent molecule 1. It was concluded that all carbon atoms of the ⁵-Cp rings in complex 2 are involved in the bonding to the macrocycles. Complexation with 1 leads to considerable shifts of the (C-H) and (C-H) bands of ferrocene in the IR spectrum to high frequencies. The structure of complex 2 was determined by X-ray diffraction.__________Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 12, pp. 2754–2756, December, 2004.     

粘钢加固钢筋混凝土梁的有限元动力分析

为了研究粘钢加固后钢筋混凝土梁的各种力学性能,采用分离式方法建立了粘钢加固后钢筋混凝土梁的有限元模型,并用有限元方法对此模型先后进行了模态分析和简谐集中载荷作用下的动力响应分析,得出了加固后钢筋混凝土梁的前5阶振动模态和简谐集中动荷载作用下粘钢加固钢筋混凝土梁底部开裂的极限动载荷幅值-频率曲线,可为研究粘钢加固钢筋混凝土梁的各种动力特性提供参考.     

中厚板轧后快速冷却系统设计与应用

为了完善和丰富钢板的品种和规格,同时提高产品质量和轧制生产效率,针对武钢轧板厂生产线实际情况,设计了一套具有国内领先技术的中厚板轧后快速冷却系统.系统应用工业变频供水、高压水箱水量优化分配及高密度层流等先进技术,同时采用了西门子高性能控制器进行系统综合控制.该系统结构合理,功能完善,控制精度高,已成功投入使用,取得了良好效果.     

水帘极板静电除尘模型的收集性能实验研究

建立了水帘极板电除尘器实验模型,研究了其电晕特性,以及极距、电场风速、水帘流量、供电电压、初始粉尘浓度等参数对除尘效率的影响.结果表明:水帘形成好坏对V-I特性曲线有一定影响,水帘流量影响形成水帘好坏的程度,因而影响除尘效率;极距对除尘效率有较大影响,极距300mm时除尘效率最高;供电电压对除尘效率的影响较为明显,随着电压的升高除尘效率也升高;风速增大除尘效率降低,初始粉尘浓度对除尘效率影响较小.     

裂纹悬臂方薄板的振动辐射声场

为研究含穿透裂纹悬臂方板的振动辐射声场，根据有限元模态分析理论，提取了含人工斜向和十字形穿透裂纹的悬臂方薄板各单元的相关物理参数，同时将瑞利积分离散化，进而计算出裂纹悬臂方薄板辐射声场的空间分布，并通过实验测定了含裂纹悬臂方薄板辐射声场的功率谱。结果表明，斜向裂纹越长，二、四、六阶模态的频率降低越多，而一、三、五阶模态频率随斜向裂纹长度的增大表现为先增大再减小的规律；十字裂纹越长，各阶模态的频率降低越多。穿透裂纹的出现不仅使悬臂板的模态频率有明显的变化，而且声场在空间的分布特征也有显著的变化。     

矩形Mindlin板振动分析的离散奇异卷积方法

提出了一种离散奇异卷积(DSC)方法来对基于M ind lin剪切变形理论的矩形厚板进行自由振动分析.此方法采用了Gauss delta序列核作为基函数并结合pb-2-Rayle igh-R itz方法的边界函数得到了一种新型的R itz方法.数值结果表明此方法相当精确有效.