一种压电复合材料层合板机电耦合有限单元

基于压电复合材料层合板经典理论,建立了一种四边形机电耦合有限单元．所建单元具有ｍ个电自由度,可直接模拟单元中的电压作用和检测电压输出;单元每一节点具有５个位移自由度,可计及复合材料层合板的拉弯耦合变形．给出了各类刚度矩阵的形式,简述了利用Ｈａｍｉｌｔｏｎ原理推导出机电耦合基本运动方程的过程,并根据所推导的有限元素和基本方程编制了程序并进行了计算,所得结果与文献中的计算和试验结果相吻合．     

稳态平板法测不良导体导热率的误差的研究

研究用稳态平板法测不良导体导热率时存在的系统和方法误差,提出了误差修正方法。     

钢筋混凝土无柱帽式无梁楼盖板的弯曲分析

将整体双向钢筋混凝土无柱帽式无梁楼盖视为支承于等矩柱网上的正交各向异性板,依据ｋｉｒｃｈｈｏｆｆ薄板理论,利用变形的对称性,并借助Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ求解方法,给出了均布荷载作用下楼盖板弯曲挠度的解析解。本文解析解收敛很快,使用较为方便,对该类问题的工程设计有一定的参考价值。     

水平管内环状流下两相强制对流蒸发的理论研究

分析了液膜内动力和换热特性,提出了一种环状流下的两相强制对流蒸发的６层速度分布模型,并利用比拟理论进行了分析和计算,预测其换热系数,通过与数据对比,结果表明预测值与实验数据有较好的一致性。     

坝面粘贴苯板保护层的拱坝温度荷载研究

寒冷地区拱坝的温度应力比南方大得多,温度荷载的可能大大超过水荷载的影响,为了降低温度荷载,减小拱坝厚度。本文求出了两种不同介质在外界气温作用下的解析解,并针对在拱坝下游面用苯板作为永久保护层,提出了确定温度荷载的设计计算新方法,给出的温度荷载计算图表可供工程设计直接使用。     

MCP平均增益参数的快速估算法

该文利用“MCP综合特性测试分析仪”测得的G—V特性曲线结合运用E.E.Eberhardt的MCP增益模型提出一种对MCP平均增益参数的快速估算方法。可在G—V测试结果的基础上,通过计算得出MCP的各种增益参数和工作参数。这对MCP的研制和应用是很有意义的。     

AnL 1 smoothing spline algorithm with cross validation

We propose an algorithm for the computation ofL ₁ (LAD) smoothing splines in the spacesW _M (D), with . We assume one is given data of the formy _i =(f(t _i ) + _i , i=1,...,N with {itt_i} _i=1 ^{N D} , the _i are errors withE( _i )=0, andf is assumed to be inW _M . The LAD smoothing spline, for fixed smoothing parameter0, is defined as the solution,s , of the optimization problem (1/N) _i=1 ^N ¦y _i –g(t _i ¦+J _M (g), whereJ _M (g) is the seminorm consisting of the sum of the squaredL ₂ norms of theMth partial derivatives ofg. Such an LAD smoothing spline,s , would be expected to give robust smoothed estimates off in situations where the _i are from a distribution with heavy tails. The solution to such a problem is a thin plate spline of known form. An algorithm for computings is given which is based on considering a sequence of quadratic programming problems whose structure is guided by the optimality conditions for the above convex minimization problem, and which are solved readily, if a good initial point is available. The data driven selection of the smoothing parameter is achieved by minimizing aCV() score of the form .The combined LAD-CV smoothing spline algorithm is a continuation scheme in 0 taken on the above SQPs parametrized in, with the optimal smoothing parameter taken to be that value of at which theCV() score first begins to increase. The feasibility of constructing the LAD-CV smoothing spline is illustrated by an application to a problem in environment data interpretation.     

The theoretical basis of column chromatography in multicomponent separations. Part 2: Peak capacity. Column systems with good selectivity

The selectivity of a column system, S, defined by equation 28, includes a variation coefficient (β) of plate number with capacity ratio which has a large influence on the peak capacity, as shown in Fig. 18. Some typical chromatograms are given. In order to predict S for a column system from Kovat's Index, equations 40 and 41 are given to calculate the constant of the carbon number rule for squalane at different temperatures or for different stationary phases. The specific retention value of heptane on squalane at different temperatures can be calculated from equation 42. The nonpolarity index, defined by equation 43, was used to calculate the retention value of heptane on various stationary phases. In liquid chromatography, the order of elution may be reversed by changing the composition of the eluent on the same chemically bonded silica (manufactured in China). The linear relations between the log retention values of different kinds of solutes or of a single solute on the silicas of different surface areas when using the same eluent are given.     

用环形扩散管和滤纸联用采样技术采集空气中氨和铵盐

建立了环形扩散管和滤纸采样夹联用，分形态同时采集空气中所态氨和颗粒态铵盐的方法。在同一气流中，采用涂渍１．５％草酸乙醇水溶液的环形扩散管采集气态氨，用浸渍上述试剂的玻璃纤维纸和慢速定量滤纸分别采集颗粒安和第一层滤纸上的铵盐挥发产生的氨气。用靛酚蓝比色法分别测定氨和铵盐。当采气流速为１．０Ｌ／ｍｉｎ时，采样效率高于９８．２％。将本法测得的氨气和铵盐的总量与标准采样方法的测定结果比较。无显著性差异（Ｐ     

Kinetics of the surface tension of micellar solutions: Comparison of different experimental techniques

The kinetics of the surface tension of micellar solutions of nonionic surfactant Triton X-100 is measured experimentally by means of three different techniques: oscillating jet, maximum bubble pressure and inclined plate. They allow to study the micellization kinetics at various time scales (from a few milliseconds to a few seconds) in fairly large concentration region up to 50 times CMC. The experimental data are satisfactorily explained by a theoretical model accounting for the kinetics of micellization, diffusion of surfactant species and expansion of the bubble interface. By this model are computed the characteristic times of diffusion and micellization, which are of comparable magnitude (about 5 to 200 ms), and the Gibbs' elasticity. The micellization time constant corresponds to the slow relaxation process known to coincide with the disintegration of micelles. Comparing our data with other data from literature one can conclude that more realistic information for the micellization kinetics is obtained by the maximum bubble pressure and the oscillating jet method. The inclined plate seems too slow to measure the relaxation processes in micellar solutions of this surfactant.