Suppressing the hot carrier injection degradation rate in total ionizing dose effect hardened nMOSFETs

Annular gate nMOSFETs are frequently used in spaceborne integrated circuits due to their intrinsic good capability of resisting total ionizing dose (TID) effect. However, their capability of resisting the hot carrier effect (HCE) has also been proven to be very weak. In this paper, the reason why the annular gate nMOSFETs have good TID but bad HCE resistance is discussed in detail, and an improved design to locate the source contacts only along one side of the annular gate is used to weaken the HCE degradation. The good TID and HCE hardened capability of the design are verified by the experiments for I/O and core nMOSFETs in a 0.18 μm bulk CMOS technology. In addition, the shortcoming of this design is also discussed and the TID and the HCE characteristics of the replacers (the annular source nMOSFETs) are also studied to provide a possible alternative for the designers.     

基于环带波束天线的星间链路设计仿真

在卫星装备有环带波束天线的前提下,设计了由这类卫星构成的Walker星座内的星间链路,并对该星间链路的基本几何属性进行了仿真,证明了这类星间链路可以很好的解决卫星间天线对准的问题.首先,对环带波束天线、星间链路进行了简要的介绍,主要通过几何模型与几何参数方程的方式进行介绍和说明.其次,对于环带波束天线应用在星间链路中的可能性以及优越性进行了阐述,并且在特定的卫星星座当中,对这类星间链路中的卫星天线指向问题进行了仿真,从几何方面证明了该类环带波束天线使得卫星之间永久可视.再次,通过仿真结果中的链路俯仰角、链路距离等提出这一类天线的覆盖范围要求.最后,建立了具有环带波束天线卫星的Walker星座中的链路拓扑结构.     

可实现偏振无关单向传输的二维硅基环形孔光子晶体

基于光子晶体来构筑偏振无关光二极管在光电集成领域具有重大的应用价值.首先提出了一种环形孔光子晶体,能带结构显示其对横电及横磁模式同时展现出显著的方向带隙.以此构建了三角形状的环形孔光子晶体,利用时域有限差分法计算其透过谱及场分布图,发现该结构能实现偏振无关单向传输特性,然而正向透过率太低(约20%).进一步引入尺寸较小的三角形状的环形孔光子晶体构成光子晶体异质结结构,有效地提高了偏振无关单向传输性能,正向透过率增大了一倍.通过界面结构的调整,正向透过率进一步增大,优化后的环形孔光子晶体异质结结构能同时对类横电及类横磁模式入射光实现单向传输,且正向透过率达到了44%.     

深水环空圈闭压力的破裂盘泄压控制模型

井筒高温流体在生产过程中,向密闭环空传热引起的环空圈闭压力上升现象是深水油气开采面临的主要问题之一。为了保障井筒安全,结合深水油气井的生产实际,基于拟稳态传热以及耦合压力体积的环空压力计算方法,建立了多环空圈闭压力预测模型。根据破裂盘工作原理,建立了由内向外和由外向内的破裂盘打开阀值确定方法。以西非某井为例,对生产过程中井筒温度和环空压力进行预测。套管强度校核结果表明,正常生产过程中,表层套管和技术套管存在胀破风险;在生产套管的环空泄压或者掏空后,生产套管存在挤毁风险。采用破裂盘技术后,各层套管均满足校核的要求。因此,破裂盘技术可有效实现套管的保护,对深水油气资源安全开采具有重要意义。     

倾斜井筒气液段塞流识别与压降模型研究

建立了斜井中的段塞流模型,绘制了流型图,提出一种计算管流段塞流压降的新方法。根据实验修正了环空半环泡漂流速度和真实含气率,给出了修正的环空段塞流孔隙率计算公式。对某油田8口油井40井次的新模型压力梯度计算值与测量结果比较显示,管流和环空段塞流的平均绝对百分误差分别为5.5%和6.5%,与计算斜井压降的Beggs-Brill和Ansari模型相比,误差更低,不仅能够满足工程计算的需要,且不存在收敛性和区域性的问题,具有良好的应用价值。     

主动螺旋伞齿轮闭塞模锻物理模拟

根据金属流动趋势设计了主动螺旋伞齿轮的预制坯;开式模锻螺旋伞齿轮试验结果显示,模具结构复杂,所产锻件有飞边;采用闭塞模锻成形了螺旋伞齿轮铅试件,揭示了闭塞模锻主动螺旋伞齿轮成形过程,说明了用闭塞模锻工艺成形主动螺旋伞齿轮的可行性;通过铅试件网格试验,揭示出在闭塞模锻中金属内部质点的流动规律、金属流线分布趋势及纤维状况,说明了锻造齿轮内在质量高的原因;提出采用局部加热,以工件柄部代替大端冲头,设计大、小端双动冲头闭塞模锻模具的创意．研究结果表明,螺旋伞齿轮闭塞模锻铅试样物理模拟对该类零件精密成形工艺制定及模具设计具有重要指导意义．     

基于虚拟样机技术的锻造操作机的动力学仿真

在分析锻造操作机工作原理的基础上,利用Solidworks软件建立锻造操作机的三维实体模型,并将其导入MSC.ADAMS软件系统,建立锻造操作机的三维数字化虚拟样机.考虑锻造操作机自重和载荷影响,对锻造操作机各个部件施加约束和载荷,进行多刚体系统动力学三维可视化仿真,得到典型工况运动过程中锻造操作机液压缸和钳口的受力情况,并对极限载荷情况进行分析.仿真结果为锻造操作机的零部件合理设计提供了参考依据.     

强流相对论环形电子束自调制振荡研究

 主要研究了强流相对论环形电子束在等位谐振腔内的非线性自调制振荡，用小信号理论分析了电子起振的条件，得出了电子起振的扰动频率。基于该理论分析，又提出了一种不外加磁场的新型高功率微波器件，该器件主要由一个圆柱谐振腔和一个同轴波导输出腔构成。用2.5维MAGIC粒子模拟软件对该非线性过程进行数值模拟，分析了输入电压、电流对输出微波功率的影响。模拟结果表明这种结构中确实存在非线性不稳定性，自调制的扰动频率则由电子束的初始能量、电荷密度和电子束的半径以及谐振腔的空间结构给定。利用谐振腔长为4.7 cm、二极管电压为2.8 MV、电流为20 kA的电子束，可以得到频率为4.29 GHz、功率为6 GW的微波输出，束-波转换效率约为11%。     

大型轧机支承辊的小锻比锻造

本文介绍了使用小锻比锻制大型轧机支承辊的方法。总锻比仅为2.25,钢锭重达100吨。对成品的各项检测结果表明,锻件质量良好。     

Biofilms as bio-indicator for polluted waters?

The aim of this work was to investigate the heavy metal accumulation by natural biofilms living in the catchment area of the Tisza river in Hungary, as well as in biofilms cultivated in vitro. Laboratory tests have demonstrated that metals can be adsorbed on biofilms, depending on their concentration and on the availability of free sorptive places. Biofilms were cultivated in vitro in natural freshwater from the Saale river, Germany. After reaching the plateau phase, Cu was added to reach a concentration of 100 µg/L. An increase of its mass fraction in the biofilm was observed, which caused the decrease of the concentration in the water phase. Unfortunately, the reactor wall was also found to act as adsorbent for Cu. More detailed results of our in vitro experiments will be published in a forthcoming paper. Naturally grown biofilm samples from exposed as well as background places at the Hungarian rivers Szamos and Tisza were collected in 2000 and 2002 after the cyanide spill, and analysed using total reflection X-ray fluorescence analysis (TXRF). Metal mass fraction differences as high as two orders of magnitude were found between polluted and unpolluted (background) sampling points. Extremely high concentration values, e.g. 5600 µg/g Zn in biofilm, were found at highly polluted sampling points. This means an enrichment factor of ca. 10,000 compared to the water phase.