Chemometric Tools to Point Out Benchmarks and Chromophores in Pigments through Spectroscopic Data Analyses

Spectral preprocessing data and chemometric tools are analytical methods widely applied in several scientific contexts i.e., in archaeometric applications. A systematic classification of natural powdered pigments of organic and inorganic nature through Principal Component Analysis with a multi-instruments spectroscopic study is presented here. The methodology allows the access to elementary and molecular unique benchmarks to guide and speed up the identification of an unknown pigment and its recipe. This study is conducted on a set of 48 powdered pigments and tested on a real-case sample from the wall painting in S. Maria Delle Palate di Tusa (Messina, Italy). Four spectroscopic techniques (X-ray Fluorescence, Raman, Attenuated Total Reflectance and Total Reflectance Infrared Spectroscopies) and six different spectrometers are tested to evaluate the impact of different setups. The novelty of the work is to use a systematic approach on this initial dataset using the entire spectroscopic energy range without any windows selection to solve problems linked with the manipulation of large analytes/materials to find an indistinct property of one or more spectral bands opening new frontiers in the dataset spectroscopic analyses.     

基于互信息的宋史语料库词表的提取

基于统计语言模型,对《续资治通鉴长编》进行了统计分析.根据互信息特征抽取候选字串,通过人机交互确定其是否构成词,然后动态修正相关字串的互信息值,逐步建立宋史语料库词表.实验中据互信息阈值抽取候选字串6 500个,根据汉语大词典确定是词的有3 694个,占56.8%.结果表明互信息法是建立古汉语语料库词表的有效辅助手段.     

一种网络式码流监测仪的设计方案研究

介绍了一种网络式码流监测仪的设计技术和方案,整个系统由码流监测仪、服务器和客户机等部分组成,相互之间通过WAN/LAN连接,采用SNMP工业标准协议;通过这种开放式的监测平台,可以在网络环境下多机连接进行多点监测,实现高速码流实时采集和捕获,并且进行数据触发、过滤。     

世界文化遗产旅游开发与保护研究——以平遥古城为例

世界文化遗产的旅游开发和保护的矛盾是中国世界文化遗产地实现可持续发展的核心问题.作为世界文化遗产地的平遥古城,有其独特的自然和人文景观,极具旅游开发价值.以平遥古城为例,系统总结了古城保护与旅游开发面临的主要问题,探析了这对矛盾产生的主要原因,提出了解决问题的思路和对策.认为遗产保护和遗产开发的矛盾并不是不可调和的.旅游开发始终应坚持"保护第一"的原则,并建立科学合理的保护和管理.在正确认识遗产资源的特殊性和中国国情的前提下,以旅游开发为手段,提高当地人民的物质和文化生活水平,才能使保护工作从消极保护转化到积极保护的轨道上来.     

论晚清诸子学研究中"以西释子"的学术特色

在晚清诸子学研究中,由于西学的广泛传播、"西学中源"说的再次兴起和研究方法的内在需要,出现了"以西释子"的学术特色。其发展在晚清大致经历了从通过西学对诸子的再注解来发掘诸子中的自然科技,到阐发诸子中的现代价值观念两个阶段,出现了一系列"以西释子"的学术专著。由于这一学术特色的出现,为中国近代学术研究提供了新的研究方法,推动了西学的中国化和传统文化的现代化,也促进了儒学独尊地位的瓦解。     

Kinetics and mechanism of catalytic oxidation of alcohols to carbonyl compounds with dioxygen in the Pd-containing aqua system

The oxidation of lower aliphatic alcohols C₁–C₄ with dioxygen to form the corresponding carbonyl compounds in the presence of the PdII tetraaqua complexes and Fe^II-Fe^III aqua ions in an aqueous medium was studied at 40–80 °C. The introduction of an aromatic compound (acetophenone, benzonitrile, phenylacetonitrile, o-cyanotoluene, nitrobenzene) and Fe^II aqua ion instead of the Fe^III aqua ion into the reaction system increases substantially the catalytic activity and the yield of the carbonyl compound. The key role of the Pd species in the intermediate oxidation state stabilized by the aromatic additive in the catalytic cycle of alcohol oxidation with dioxygen to the carbonyl compound was shown. An increase in the kinetic isotope effect with an increase in the temperature of methanol oxidation indicates a change in the rate-determining step of alcohol oxidation with dioxygen in the presence of Pd^II-Fe^II-Fe^III and the aromatic compound. At temperatures below 60 °C, the catalytically active palladium species are mainly formed upon the reduction of the Pd^II tetraaqua complex with the Fe^II aqua ion, whereas at higher temperatures the reaction between the alcohol and Pd^II predominates. The mechanism and kinetic equation of the process were proposed. Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 5, pp. 842–848, May, 2007.     

中国古代建筑形态设计的理情寓合

以中国古代建筑的形态设计为基础,探讨其蕴含的伦理规范、理性精神和哲学思想,阐明中国古代建筑所具有的融理情于一体的形态设计特征.     

水电站厂房排架的内力计算

在分析水电站排架结构形式的基础上,优选内力计算方法,修正抗剪刚度系数和转动刚度,根据结构的实际受力状态,考虑各种影响因素,建立了一般水电站厂房排架的数学模型.     

培养古代汉语自主学习能力的实践与思考

重视大学生古代汉语自主学习能力的培养,既是适应现代教育培养人的综合素质的需要,也是深化古代汉语教学改革,提高教学效率的要求。培养学生古代汉语自主学习能力,教师要转变教学观念,要熟悉自主学习的基本内容,要掌握培养自主学习能力的方法。     

萍乡市古籍保存及利用状况分析

通过对萍乡市古籍保存及利用状况的调查与分析,指出应进一步加强对古籍的保护,并针对古籍的特点对其进行合理的开发与利用,从而最大限度地为本地区政治、经济、文化事业的可持续发展服务。