撞击作用下泡沫铝填充结构吸能特征

泡沫铝是由金属铝制成,由于铝具有较低的强度,导致泡沫铝本身的承载能力和吸能特性受到局限.典型的抗振吸能结构是泡沫铝填充结构或夹芯结构.采用实验和数值模拟方法分析了泡沫铝填充结构在冲击作用下的变形特征与吸能特性.研究表明,填充结构中钢制圆柱壳在整个冲击吸能过程中占主要地位,它与泡沫的相互作用使得变形过程中的能量吸收和初始失稳载荷随冲击速度的提高而增加;当钢制圆柱壳的壁厚增加时,峰值塌陷载荷和总的吸能也提高.在100 kg范围内,冲击质量对初始峰值塌陷载荷的影响不大.由于钢壳是主要的承载和吸能部件,要想提高泡沫铝填充结构的吸能特性,需要合理地设计泡沫密度与钢壳厚度,充分利用它们之间的相互作用关系.     

Heat capacity and thermodynamic properties of 1-hexadecanol

Three different nitrocellulose (NC) samples produced from linters were investigated. DSC studies on the NC+sym-diethyldiphenylurea (C1) mixtures were carried out. The influence of storage time on their pore structures was examined using thermoporometry. The results led to conclusion that large pores are multiples of small ones. The parameter n was used to characterize the number of C1 molecules equivalent to NC ring. Its value for short storage time was about 9 but for longer time reached the value of 3. The influence of thermal history on the phase transition and porosity of the different nitrocellulose samples was different.     

Indirect Differential Pulse Voltammetric Determination of Aluminum Biological Samples in the Presence of 3, 4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine

ABSTRACT

Indirect differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) determination of aluminum in the presence of 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-dopa) with glass carbon electrode as working electrode has been described. The method relies on the decrease of DPV anodic peak current of L-dopa with the addition of Al^III The decreasing value of the peak current is linear with the increase of Al^III concentration. Under the optimum experimental conditions (pH 4.8, 6×10^?4 M L-dopa, 0.06M NaAc - HAc ¹buffer solution), the linear ranges are 4.0×10^?7 - 5.2×10^?6 M and 7.2×10^?6 - 4.5×10^?5 M. The relative standard deviation for 8×10^?6 M aluminum is 1.0% (n = 8) and the detection limit is 3.5×10^?7 M. A number of foreign species for interference have been studied. The method has been applied to determine aluminum in drinking water, synthetic renal dialysate and urine samples.     

用无铅玻璃料研制环保型导电浆料

研究了Li2O,NaF,Al2O3和ZnO对玻璃体系软化温度和熔化温度的影响,在此基础上研制出了软化温度Tg低于500℃、熔化温度Tm低于560℃的低温无铅玻璃.分析了Li2O和NaF等对玻璃体系助熔的机理,用X射线衍射技术(XRD)分析了玻璃料的结晶状态,实验结果表明,制备的B2O3,Bi2O3和SiO2体系玻璃料为微晶玻璃,玻璃体系结构稳定.利用该玻璃料制备出的导电浆料,电性能优良,能满足低温电极的使用需要.     

Growth, Band Structure and Optical Properties of LiSrBO3 Crystal

The bulk crystal of LiSrBO3 (8.39 g) with a size of 21mm×20mm×15mm was grown by high temperature solution growth method. The relationship between growth habit and crystal structure was discussed. The transmission spectrum shows an UV absorption edge at about 300 nm. The melting temperature of this crystal was determined to be 942 ℃ by DTA-TG measurement. The band structure of the LiSrBO3 crystal was studied by means of the first principle method. An indirect band gap was found to be about 4.0 eV,and a low dielectric constant was estimated to be about 1.9 in terms of theoretical results.     

反应条件对Cu/Al-Ce-PILC上丙烯选择性催化还原NO反应的影响

 采用聚合羟基复合阳离子合成交联黏土Al-Ce-PILC, 经SO2-4改性后,以浸渍法制备了铜基交联黏土催化剂Cu/Al-Ce-PILC, 并将其应用于C3H6选择性还原NO的反应,考察了预处理气氛、 O2和C3H6浓度、空速、水蒸气和SO2等反应条件对催化剂性能的影响. 结果表明, He预处理后催化剂表面的Cu物种以Cu+和Cu2+两种形式存在,而H2预处理后仅以Cu+存在, NO转化率最大值由23%升至56%. 反应体系中适当的O2和C3H6浓度可促进NO还原为N2, 但过高的浓度反而可降低NO的还原活性, O2同时可起到抑制积炭、清洁催化剂表面的作用. NO转化率随着空速的增大而降低. 10%水蒸气的存在可抑制NO的还原和C3H6的氧化,其转化率曲线向高温方向位移. 但是,由于金属氧化物交联柱表面的疏水特性, Cu/Al-Ce-PILC较Cu/ZSM-5具有较强的耐湿热稳定性, NO和C3H6最大转化率仅分别下降13%和5%. SO2的存在明显抑制了催化剂的低温活性,但对高温活性有一定促进作用.     

Use of the internal standardization for difficult sampling by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

This work shows the potentiality of As as internal standard to compensate errors from sampling of sparkling drinking water samples in the determination of selenium by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. The mixture Pd(NO₃)₂/Mg(NO₃)₂ was used as chemical modifier. All samples and reference solutions were automatically spiked with 500 μg l⁻¹ As and 0.2% (v/v) HNO₃ by the autosampler, eliminating the need for manual dilutions. For 10 μl dispensed sample into the graphite tube, a good correlation (r=0.9996) was obtained between the ratio of analyte absorbance by the internal standard absorbance and the analyte concentrations. The relative standard deviations (R.S.D.) of measurements varied from 0.05 to 2% and from 1.9 to 5% (n=12) with and without internal standardization, respectively. The limit of detection (LD) based on integrated absorbance was 3.0 μg l⁻¹ Se. Recoveries in the 94-109% range for Se spiked samples were obtained. Internal standardization (IS) improved the repeatability of measurements and increased the lifetime of the graphite tube in ca. 15%.     

含氯不对称配体8-羟基喹啉铝配合物电子和光谱性质的TDDFT研究

以含时密度泛函理论(TDDFT) B3LYP方法通过电子结构计算研究了含氯不对称配体8-羟基喹啉铝配合物AlQ(ClQ)₂的吸收和发射光谱性质. 计算表明, 第一激发态与基态结构变化主要集中在单一含氯配体中, 与mer-AlQ₃相比, 前线占有轨道离域程度变大而未占据轨道则定域化程度提高. 最大吸收主要来自配体内电荷转移跃迁, 电荷从苯酚环和氯向含氮的吡啶环跃迁. 电子陷入态计算表明, 抽取电子能量比AlQ₃相应值略大, 与实验结果一致.     

二维DNA晶体的多重熔解过程研究

可人工编程设计的刚性DNA分子瓦(DNA tile)中的DX分子(double-crossover，双交叉)能自组装形成二维DNA晶体。将含有二维DNA晶体的缓冲溶液程序升温，用紫外-可见分光光度计在260 nm处测定二维DNA晶体的熔解曲线，观测到了DNA晶体的多重熔解过程。AFM显微镜的研究也观测到了二维DNA晶体受热解体后的图像，表明二维DNA晶体的熔解过程首先发生在DX分子瓦间的黏性末端，然后是DX分子瓦的解体，由此推测，在DNA晶体生长过程中单链DNA相互结合成分子瓦后，分子瓦进一步自组装成晶体。     

铝箔腐蚀用大功率变频电源

研制了用于电解电容器阳极铝箔腐蚀的变频电源.设计了一种应用单片机控制的高频开关电源和用电子开关桥换相的低频变频、多波形大功率电源.该电源不需要庞大、笨重的变压器,而且频率下限不受限制,甚至可低至1Hz以下.