含铜蚀刻废液的综合利用—硫酸铜生产工艺研究

采用酸性蚀刻液与碱性蚀刻液混合沉淀铜的方法，生产工业硫酸铜，不用蒸发浓缩，工艺简单，成本低．对影响产品质量和产率的主要因素ｐＨ，化浆用水量和浓硫酸用量进行了探讨，找到了最佳工艺条件，产品质量符合ＧＢ４３７－８０．     

碱性磷酸酶在体外钙化中的作用

报道了用碱性磷酸酶抑制剂左旋咪唑和缓钙化剂偕二磷酸钠，通过体外钙化实验，跟踪测试ＡＫＰ比活力及＾４５Ｃａ在佝偻病从鼠的骺骨生长板中的掺入。结果表明，钙化与酶失活，缺乏Ｃａ＾２＋或Ｐｉ的条件下不会发生，ＡＰＫ活力对钙化的发生是必需的，ＡＫＰ尖力超高，钙化速度越快，同时，钙化会加速ＡＫＰ失活，钙化速度越快，ＡＫＰ活力降低越快。     

氨基酸对鲍鱼碱性磷酸酶活力的影响

选用L Ala、L Val、L Leu等15种氨基酸为效应物,研究它们对杂色鲍(Haliotisdiversicolor)碱性磷酸酶(EC.3.1.3.1)催化pNPP水解反应的影响.结果表明:上述这些氨基酸对鲍鱼碱性磷酸酶均有一定程度的抑制作用,抑制程度随着试剂浓度增大而加剧.当浓度为10.0mmol/L时,分别可以使酶活力下降:7.77%、36.75%、22.79%、39.86%、16.16%、19.33%、94.77%、20.19%、17.02%、40.15%、31.08%、17.52%、30.56%、36.77%和12.59%.尤其以L Cys对酶的抑制作用最为显著(抑制率为94.77%),其次是L Ile和L His,它们均能使酶活力下降40%;对酶抑制率在30%以上的氨基酸还有L Val、L Trp、L Phe和L Lys,其它选用的氨基酸对酶的抑制率小于25%.选择对杂色鲍ALP具有较明显的抑制作用的氨基酸L Val、L Ile、L Trp和L Cys等氨基酸为研究对象,研究它们对酶催化pNPP水解反应的抑制作用机理,并测定其抑制常数.结果表明L Cys的抑制作用为混合型效应,其KI和KIS值分别为0.042mmol/L和0.139mmol/L;而L Val、L Ile、L Trp为反竞争性,其KIS分别为9.56、8.55、8.09mmol/L.     

产碱性脂肪酶酵母菌的分离与鉴定

从成都龙泉果园采集的160份土壤样品中，通过观察油脂平板上水解圈直径与菌落直径的大小之比(D／d)，分离到12株产碱性脂肪酶的真菌，采用滴定法测液体培养物酶活进行复筛，获得一株产酶活性最高的酵母菌，通过对该酵母菌进行形态、生理生化特征的观察与测试，初步鉴定为胶淀粉假丝酵母，命名为Candida amylolenta L-30。     

球形棕囊藻北部湾株对不同形态磷源的利用及碱性磷酸酶特性研究

【目的】探讨球形棕囊藻(Phaeocystis globosa)北部湾株BBW PG-01对不同磷源利用能力的差异以及碱性磷酸酶(Alkaline phosphatase,AP)特性,揭示溶解有机磷(Dissolved organic phosphorus,DOP)在该藻赤潮发生时的重要作用。【方法】在实验室培养条件下,以KH_2PO_4(PO_4~(3-))、核糖核酸(RNA)、葡萄糖-6-磷酸钠盐(G-6-P)、三磷酸腺苷二钠(ATP)和卵磷脂(LEC)作为磷源,对比研究BBW PG-01在这5种不同磷源培养条件下的生长特征及碱性磷酸酶活性(Alkaline phosphatase activity,APA),并结合磷饥饿条件下的无机磷吸收动力学及碱性磷酸酶动力学分析其对无机磷和有机磷的竞争机制。【结果】5种形态磷源均可被BBW PG-01利用,RNA为其最优生长磷源,而以大分子有机磷LEC为磷源时生长最差,两者最大细胞密度分别为4.40×10~8 cells/L和2.39×10~8 cells/L,水解大分子DOP可能需要更高的酶活性。动力学研究结果表明,在磷缺乏的条件下,BBW PG-01具有通过高亲和力来竞争磷源以维持生长的能力。【结论】球形棕囊藻北部湾株在AP的作用下,能够利用多种DOP进行生长,且在低磷条件下对无机磷(DIP)和DOP均具有较强的竞争能力,海洋中DOP可能是球形棕囊藻赤潮暴发和维持的重要磷源。     

Synthesis of a bipyridine-derived achiral thiourea trifluoromethanesulfonic acid salt and its application as an additive in organocatalytic asymmetric reactions

The host–guest complex of a proline–thiourea bipyridine trifluoromethanesulfonic acid salt can catalyze organocatalytic asymmetric reactions such as aldol, Michael, and Mannich in polar protic medium with high stereoselectivities. The privileged bipyridine backbone and the thiourea motif are essential to the activity and enantioselectivity through hydrogen bonding interactions.     

SOLVENT-FREE CONVERSION OF OXIRANES TO THIIRANES WITH THIOUREA

A simple and efficient method for the conversion of various oxiranes to the corresponding thiiranes using thiourea under solvent free conditions is described.     

Partial Hydrolysis of Cyanide Coordination Polymers Induced by a Pillar Ligand with Optimized Electrochemical Kinetics for Rechargeable Alkaline Batteries

Coordination polymers are promising cathode materials for rechargeable alkaline batteries. Therefore, the precise modulation of these cathodes by chemical structure and in-depth structure transform study is necessary. Here, two model coordination polymer battery cathodes were designed to demonstrate the dynamic structure–performance relationship. We studied the electrochemical performance of two kinds of nickel-based coordination polymer, comprising a planar 2D cyanide-bridged network and a 3D cyanide-bridged network pillared by pyrazine molecules. The 2D coordination polymer showed serious voltage degradation with poor rate capability, whereas the 3D coordination polymer exhibited stable voltage output coupled with high rate at various current densities. The investigation revealed the underlining relationship of plateau voltage degradation and hydrolysis process of electrodes. It was revealed that the pyrazine pillar molecules in the 3D coordination polymer could suppress the hydrolysis and lead to the in situ formation of partially hydrolyzed structure with excellent electrochemical kinetics; this exhibited obvious smaller peak separation (27 mV compared with 149 mV) and hence an almost twofold increase in capacity retention (31.9 to 50.0 %) and energy density retention (18.2 to 35.9 %) at 10 A g⁻¹.     

Water-Mediated Synthesis of Benzazole and Thiourea Motifs by Reacting Naturally Occurring Isothiocyanate with Amines

An efficient, green, and facile method has been developed for the synthesis of benzazole and thiourea analogues from naturally occurring erucin in moderate to good yields. The reaction was carried out in water without using any metal catalyst or base. The present method tolerated the various functional groups on aromatic rings and also applicable for other isothiocyanates.