Influence of precipitation on the Portevin-Le Chatelier effect in Al-Mg alloys

In the alloy with solute content higher than the limiting solubility, the solute atoms that have failed to dissolve will precipitate from the solid solution and form precipitations. In this study, the Portevin-Le Chatelier (PLC) effects in annealed 5456 and 5052 aluminum alloys with different precipitation contents have been investigated under different applied strain rates. The results suggest that precipitations have significant effect on the PLC effect and the more the precipitations are, the greater the influence is. Furthermore, the solute diffusion is pipe diffusion in 5052 alloy with lower precipitation content. However, for 5456 alloy with higher precipitation content, the diffusion is no longer the case but more complex.     

深井超深井裂缝性地层致密承压封堵实验研究

深井超深井裂缝性地层钻井过程中极易发生钻井液漏失,桥接堵漏材料形成的裂缝封堵层在高温、高压、高地应力等复杂环境下失稳破坏加剧,导致堵漏成功率和裂缝封堵效果难达预期。基于多级多粒桥接堵漏的思路,以川西地区双鱼石区块超深井钻井常用的WNDK-1型架桥材料和耐高温橡胶颗粒为研究对象,系统开展了高温老化环境下堵漏材料性能评价与裂缝封堵模拟实验。实验结果表明,在150℃钻井液中老化24 h后,WNDK-1型刚性材料的粒度分布未产生明显变化,摩擦系数最高降低1.89%,抗压强度降低1.15%;橡胶颗粒的粒度分布D₉₀值增加3.55%,摩擦系数增加1.59%,抗压强度保持不变;将刚性材料、弹性材料和纤维材料以适当浓度与钻井液复配并进行裂缝封堵,形成的封堵层承压能力普遍高于13 MPa,且封堵层具有低孔低渗特征;观察封堵失稳后裂缝内封堵层结构形态可知,高温老化环境下多级多粒桥接堵漏形成的封堵层主要发生摩擦/复合失稳和剪切错位失稳。     

具有老化效应的单机共同工期安排和工件可拒绝排序问题

研究共同工期安排和具有老化效应的单机排序问题。在整个加工过程中,工件的实际加工时间是与其所在位置和工件本身老化率相关的函数,生产商可以通过支付一定的处罚费用而拒绝加工某些工件。鉴于生产过程中出现老化效应,通过采取维修活动来提高生产率。目标是划分接受工件集和拒绝工件集,确定接受工件集中工件的加工次序和维修活动安排的位置,以极小化接受工件的提前、延误、工期与拒绝工件的总处罚费用的加权和。对这一问题,首先将其转化为指派问题并构造了最优多项式时间算法;其次,证明了目标函数满足一定条件下的问题的更一般形式能够在多项式时间内得到最优解;最后,对本文问题的一个特殊情况,设计了具有更低时间复杂度的多项式动态规划算法。     

特征、逻辑与走向:中国文化科技融合政策的变迁研究——基于2011—2020年39项政策文本的实证分析

文化科技融合政策的变迁是文化科技融合创新的发展结果和导向。基于2011—2020年39项政策文本,采用内容分析法和政策文本量化分析等基本统计分析方法的研究表明,文化与科技融合政策的嬗变,是从探索阶段的松散、多点式的初级特征到创新阶段的深层次、宽领域、多方向的系统性布局扩展的,政策内容从简单集中到类型多元,政策目标从相加、相融到深度融合,政策趋向从科技引领、产业主导到双轮驱动、民生为本转变。这些特征客观反映出政府决策关注点、政策结构、政策价值取向的变化,预示着中国文化与科技融合政策将进一步以新发展理念统领文化建设和科技创新,推动制度优势转化效率优势,充分发挥科技创新在文化强国建设中的支撑作用。     

The aging of atmospheric plasma-treated ultrahigh-modulus polyethylene fibers

The aging effects of atmospheric plasma treatments on UHMPE fibers are studied. UHMPE fibers are treated for 0.5 and 1 min with He/O₂/air gas and for 2 and 4 min with He/air gas by atmospheric pressure plasma on a capacitively coupled device at a frequency of 5 kHz. The samples are tested for fiber/epoxy interfacial shear strength at time intervals of 0, 3, 15 and 30 days after initial plasma treatment. Scanning electron microscopy shows micro-cracks on each set of treated fibers, which is not affected by aging over the 30 day study. Interfacial shear strengths (IFSS) for plasma-treated fibers are 2–3 times as high as that of the control. The IFSS for the plasma treated fibers remains constant up to 15 days and then decreases afterwards. XPS Analysis shows a slight increase in atomic concentration of oxygen and nitrogen for each plasma-treated sample. For the He/O₂/air plasma-treated samples, XPS analysis shows an observable increase in C–OH bonds, C=O bonds and COOH bonds, while for the He/air plasma-treated samples, there is a slight increase in C–OH and O=C–O bonds. After 30 days, a decrease in oxygen content for all plasma-treated samples is manifested.     

传感器技术的发展和趋势综述

介绍了传感器技术的发展过程及常用的分类方法，分析了传感器技术的发展趋势，阐述了传感器在现代科学技术中的应用。     

Effect of aging time on properties of acrylic impact modifier modified bisphenol A polycarbonate

Polycarbonate (PC) was blended with acrylic impact modifiers (AIMs). The effects of modifiers weight fraction on the Izod impact strength and yield strength of PC/AIM blends were investigated. The samples with 4% modifiers were aged under the T_g of PC in an air‐circulating oven, and the effects of aging time on impact strength, yield strength, modulus, elongation at break, post yield stress drop (PYSD) values, and morphology of fracture surface were investigated. The effects of aging time on the shape of stress–strain curve were also investigated. The aged samples were heat‐treated over the T_g of PC to erase the effects of physical aging. It was found that the drop of impact strength caused by physical aging can be recovered, the increment of yield strength and PYSD value caused by physical aging can only be partly recovered, and the heat‐treatment over the T_g of PC caused further increment of modulus. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 2715–2724, 2005     

新疆县域经济发展水平差异趋势分析与预测

区域经济差异是区域经济学研究的核心内容之一。本文采用趋势外推预测法和时间序列分析预测法对新疆县域经济发展水平的绝对差异和相对差异的变化趋势进行了预测，结果表明．绝对差异在。十五”期间会有较大幅度的扩大．扩大幅度大致会在50％以上；相对差异在“十五”期间会有较大幅度的扩大，扩大幅度大致在10％以上。政府与社会各界都应该对县域经济发展水平差异扩大的态势和趋势加以重视。     

Luminescence of porous silicon derived nanocrystals dispersed in water: dependence on initial porous silicon oxidation

Aqueous solutions of silicon nanocrystals have been obtained, by sonication, from porous Si (p-Si) aged in air for various times. The photoluminescence of these solutions changes with the aging time of p-Si. These changes correlate with nanocrystal core dimensions, i.e. with the oxidation of the nanocrystals. Infrared spectra show that the reaction with water depends on the age of the starting p-Si sample, since the native superficial oxide layer on p-Si inhibits these reactions.     

《牡丹亭》之“情源”

《牡丹亭》以奇谲瑰丽之姿，演绎了人间之至情。纵观历史上同类题材，自能发现它的继承和超越之处。同时，明代“心学”思潮的影响也起了推波助澜的作用。文章试从“人间爱情的升华”、“离魂模式的借鉴”和“时代思潮的影响”三个方面对《牡丹亭》之“情源”做一番简要的探悉。