Mg-1.3Mn-xCe-xZn镁合金显微组织和力学性能的研究

以Mg-1.3Mn合金为基合金,添加质量分数为1.0%或者2.0%的Ce以及质量分数为2.0%~6.0%的Zn,进行多元合金化,研究Ce,Zn对Mg-1.3Mn合金显微组织和力学性能的影响.实验结果表明：在Mg-1.3Mn合金中,一定量Ce,Zn的加入不但能明显地细化晶粒,而且能提高实验合金的抗拉强度和硬度.Mg-1.3Mn-1.0Ce-xZn合金的室温拉伸断裂机理随着Zn含量的增加也将发生改变.     

黄芪注射液对D-半乳糖所致衰老小鼠的免疫、衰老和血脂指标的影响

目的探讨黄芪注射液对D-半乳糖致衰老小鼠抗衰老作用。方法皮下注射D-氨基半乳糖制作衰老鼠模型,同时每日对不同组小鼠分别腹腔给予相应药物,8周后处死小鼠,观测小鼠血液中丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）,并测定肝脏、脾脏与胸腺的系数。结果与模型组相比,模型＋黄芪组血清中SOD明显升高,MDA、TC和TG含量降低。结论黄芪注射液能提高机体抗氧化酶活性,增加免疫器官质量,有较好的抗衰老作用。     

泡沫灭火剂热老化机理研究

水成膜泡沫灭火剂在长期储存过程中存在由于老化而导致性能下降的问题。为了研究泡沫灭火剂的老化降解机理,分别在60℃和90℃下对灭火剂进行加速热老化192 h,研究了灭火剂在老化前后的性能变化;采用液相色谱-质谱联用技术(LC-MS),通过灭火剂在老化前后的离子流变化分析了碳氢表面活性剂的降解情况;采用核磁共振氢谱法(¹H NMR)定量分析了不同pH环境对碳氢表面活性剂稳定性的影响。结果表明：在60℃和90℃下加速热老化192 h后,泡沫灭火剂的发泡倍率明显下降,pH值显著升高,表面张力未发生明显变化;在90℃下热老化192 h后,烷基链长度在C₁₂以下的碳氢表面活性剂发生了明显降解,烷基链长度为C₁₄和C₁₆的碳氢表面活性剂相对稳定;在90℃下热老化192 h后,糖苷类表面活性剂在酸性和碱性环境下的降解率大于中性环境,甜菜碱类表面活性剂在碱性环境下的降解率大于酸性和中性环境,因此在实际应用时应避免添加导致体系pH大幅升高的组分。     

基于Linux的计算系统性能监控

轻量级、低负载的持续性能监控对于分布式高性能计算环境的管理是至关重要的.该文设计和实现了一个开放的性能监控工具PerfMon.它利用Linux操作系统中/proc虚拟文件系统的内核机制和抽象,构造了负责系统资源信息采集任务的监控模块;使用命名目录服务,提供了对所有受监控计算节点的透明访问和整个系统、计算节点、进程等3种不同的监控粒度;采用基于时间和阈值的监控策略和基于采样间隔和资源变化量的数据重建策略,这些措施有效地刎减少了通信负荷.最后,用实验数据和应用实例证明了PerfMon是一个低负载、高效的监控工具,能够有效地实现分布式计算系统的性能实时监控.     

时效时间对6063铝合金准静态压缩性能的影响

以6063铝合金汽车吸能型材为研究对象,采用准静态轴向加载方式,从组织、力学性能等方面研究不同时效制度对6063铝合金型材准静态压缩性能的影响。结果表明：当时效温度为200 ℃时,随着时效时间的延长,合金组织中大尺寸析出相的数量呈先增加后减少的趋势,粗晶层厚度基本不变;随着时效时间的延长,6063铝合金型材的强度、硬度升高,同时准静态压缩的承载能力增强,时效时间6 h时承载能力达到峰值;6063铝合金型材的吸能性能随时效时间的延长而提高,时效时间6 h的吸收功较2 h的提高了48%。     

Mg-Sn合金化与固溶-时效行为的研究现状

作为具备良好发展前景的可时效强化镁合金,Mg-Sn合金通过Mg₂Sn相析出强化、固溶强化与细晶强化获得了优异的性能。与Mg-Zn、Mg-Al主要镁合金相比,Sn在Mg中的固溶度较好,析出强化效果优异;另外,Mg₂Sn相的熔点高达771.5 ℃,使Mg-Sn合金成为非稀土系列的低成本耐热镁合金。从合金化、固溶-时效处理工艺分析总结了可时效强化Mg-Sn合金的研究进展,分析Mg-Sn合金时效行为的重要参数及其影响因素,主要目的为细化Mg₂Sn析出相或增加Mg₂Sn析出相数量;同时,对添加到Mg-Sn合金中的合金元素的固溶效果、细晶效果与形成三元强化相效果进行系统总结与分析,为Mg-Sn合金成分的设计和性能改善提供重要参考。     

Impact of the Acetaldehyde-Mediated Condensation on the Phenolic Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Vitis vinifera L. Cv. Merlot Wine

Acetaldehyde is a critical reactant on modifying the phenolic profile during red wine aging, suggesting that the acetaldehyde-mediated condensation can be responsible for the variation of antioxidant activity during the aging of this beverage. The present study employs exogenous acetaldehyde at six levels of treatment (7.86 ± 0.10–259.02 ± 4.95 mg/L) before the bottle aging of Merlot wines to encourage phenolic modification. Acetaldehyde and antioxidant activity of wine were evaluated at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 days of storage, while monomeric and polymeric phenolics were analyzed at 0, 30 and 75 days of storage. The loss of acetaldehyde was fitted to a first-order reaction model, the rate constant (k) demonstrated that different chemical reaction happened in wines containing a different initial acetaldehyde. The disappearance of monomeric phenolics and the formation of polymeric phenolics induced by acetaldehyde could be divided into two phases, the antioxidant activity of wine did not alter significantly in the first phase, although most monomeric phenolics vanished, but the second phase would dramatically reduce the antioxidant activity of wine. Furthermore, a higher level of acetaldehyde could shorten the reaction time of the first phase. These results indicate that careful vinification handling aiming at controlling the acetaldehyde allows one to maintain prolonged biological activity during wine aging.     

Rapid reductive degradation of azo dyes by a unique structure of amorphous alloys

An Fe-based amorphous alloy was found to significantly enhance the reductive degradation of an azo dye in aqueous solution. The surface-area normalized rate constant was up to 2.0 L m-2 min-1 at room temperature,an order of magnitude larger than any previously reported value. The activation energy of the degradation process was calculated according to the Arrhenius equation,and a much lower value than those previously reported was obtained. Valence band measurement indicated that a depressed valence band maximum and a widened empty band were established in the amorphous ribbon. The unique structure of the amorphous alloy is important-it may reduce the activation energy of the degradation process and enhance the activity of the electrons,thus accelerating the degradation process.     

Effect of long-period stacking ordered phase on thermal stability of refined grains in Mg-RE-based alloys

The refined grains in both as-cast Mg-10Y-1Zn-2Zr (WZ101?K, wt.%) and Mg-10Y-1Al (WA101, wt.%) alloys have been found to have superior thermal stability after solution treatment. Plate-shaped, but different polytypes of long-period stacking ordered (LPSO) phases distributed along grain boundaries are considered as the predominant inhibitors of grain growth. Based on the plate-shaped features of the LPSO phases, a modified Zener’s model is established and the predicted limiting grain sizes are in a good agreement with the experimental results. Therefore, this model has strong potential for designing advanced Mg-RE-based alloys with high strength and high creep resistance at high temperatures.     

输运理论中原子核初始化研究

基于同位旋相关的量子分子动力学(IQMD)输运理论模型,研究中能重离子碰撞的初始化问题。成功的初始化可以很好地减少碰撞过程中出现的非物理涨落和虚粒子发射,有利于两体碰撞过程顺利进行。计算发现,不同的对称势对原子核的稳定性有一定的影响。选取不同质量数的Fe,Kr,Sn元素及其同位素,通过其在自身平均场中随时间的演化来验证原子核的稳定性,统计出初始化稳定原子核的数量,选取出最为稳定的对称势。发现平方项的对称势U₂最为稳定,其对应的斜率L、不可压缩系数K_sym都在已知的约束范围内,表现出同位旋相关平均场取硬势时,原子核更为稳定的特征。