箱形梁剪力滞效应分析中的翘曲位移函数及广义内力研究

以薄壁箱梁的弯曲计算理论为基础,从分析翼缘板的面内剪切变形和弯曲剪力流的分布规律入手,从理论上证明二次抛物线是箱形梁剪力滞效应分析中的合理翘曲位移函数。选取剪力滞效应引起的附加挠度作为广义位移,用基于最小势能原理的能量变分法建立箱形梁剪力滞效应分析的控制微分方程和边界条件。对箱梁横截面上新出现的广义内力给出严密定义,并建立了剪力滞翘曲应力的简便计算公式,它与初等梁弯曲应力公式具有相同的形式。对一个简支箱梁模型的计算表明,计算值与实测值吻合良好,从而证实了本文的分析方法和建立的公式是正确的。不同于弯矩的分布,剪力滞广义力矩具有快速衰减的分布特征。对集中荷载作用下的简支箱梁算例,剪力滞效应使其跨中挠度增大达12%,工程实践中必须认真对待。     

夹芯板轴对称脱层分析的高阶模型

研究了夹芯板轴对称脱层问题的附加状态.利用n阶剪切变形理论和最小势能原理,建立了附加状态的微分方程,给出了相应的定解条件,并求出了附加状态的n次多项式解析解答.与采用实体单元的数值结果的比较表明,随着n的增加,模型的精度迅速提高.该文还研究了附加应力的分布规律及波及范围,并得出一些重要结论.     

军事人效能增强技术发展现状与问题分析

 随着军事人效能增强技术的发展,以及基因编程、人机结合,武器装备自我感知等技术在军事上的应用,各国军队面临一系列伦理、制度等方面的挑战和困难。在充分调研各国军事人效能增强发展现状基础上,综合分析其技术应用发展的背景,梳理了发展的现状,提出随着新兴技术的发展,尤其是基因编程技术的出现和应用,战士将不再作为独立的人类,而是作为作战系统的技术组成部分,全球需要尽早制定新的国际武装冲突法律体系,进一步关注增强型士兵的伦理问题,预见军队发展的平衡性及效能增强对人产生的长期影响。     

Preparation of mesophase pitch doped with TiO2 or TiC particles

The co-pyrolysis of a petroleum residue with two different sources of titanium (tetrabutyl-ortotitanate (TBO) or titanium carbide nano-powder) was carried out to obtain mesophase pitches containing TiO₂ or TiC nanoparticles. Co-pyrolysis is an appropriate technique to achieve a good dispersion and low particle size. In the case of TBO, TiO₂ nanoparticles (5–20 nm) are observed, which are forming aggregates, the largest of them being 1–2 μm. In the case of TiC nano-particles, they are more difficult to disperse and larger aggregates are formed, although the final material is rather homogenous. The chemistry of pyrolysis for the production of doped and undoped mesophase pitches has been followed by means of solvent insolubility, XRD, XPS, FTIR and elemental analysis. They show evidences of promotion of the formation of mesophase in the presence of the titanium-containing particles, especially in the presence of TiO₂. The final materials can be of great value as precursors to produce high density titanium doped graphites for nuclear and space applications.     

The effect of alumina surface activity on the properties of lignocellulose/pitch-Al2O3 composites

Lignocellulose–pitch-based composites carbonized at 1000 °C were easily prepared by blending lignocellulose with pretreated pitch in a proportion of 50:50 wt.%. The pretreatment of the pitch was carried out by thermal treatment at temperatures of 250 and 350 °C, both in the absence and in the presence of 10 wt.% of alumina of different surface activities (acid, neutral and basic). The structural and mechanical properties of the composites, evaluated by means of density/porosity determinations, optical microscopy and flexural strength, were found to be enhanced by the presence of alumina. The effects of the addition of alumina in the composite were evaluated by means of thermogravimetric analyses. The results indicate that alumina surface activity plays an important role in the interactions between the composite components. Neutral alumina has the greatest effect during the pretreatment, while acid alumina favors lignocellulose–pitch interactions during the processing of the composite. These effects are more pronounced when the pretreatment is performed at 350 °C. Lignocellulose–pitch-based composites with a water density of 1.75 g cm⁻³, a porosity of 30 vol.% and a flexural strength of 30 MPa can be obtained when the pitch is pretreated in the presence of neutral alumina.     

弦振泛频分析及演奏中的泛音

根据弦振驻波的规律,证明了弦乐器振动中各次振动的振幅递减之规律,给出了演奏中准确的泛音触弦位置,揭示了拉弦类乐器泛音的物理本质,是设计扩展音域、增加自然泛音的理论根据。     

煤及焦炭标准样品国内外发展概况

阐述了煤及焦炭标准样品的发展概况,通过对国内外煤及焦炭标准样品的种类、技术性能指标等方面进行比较,指出了煤及焦炭标准样品的变化动态与发展趋势。     

对《对一力学现象的浅析》的一点看法

对《对一力学现象的浅析》[1]一文中的浮力和附加压力提出一点看法．     

用附加动量理论分析掺气分流墩与消力池联合消能机理

用“附加动量”水跃理论分析了掺气分流墩与消力池联合应用的消能机理，用跃后水深、水跃长度或单宽水跃容积减少的百分数，估计新增消能设施的经济效益。并通过模型试验验证了消能的理论分析，计算了新增设施的消能量、跃后水深、水跃长度或单宽水跃容积减少的百分数。结果表明，采用掺气分流墩设施，可增进消力池的消能作用，并取得显著的经济效益，达到了附加动量水跃理论所预期的效果。     

沥青焦制备高比表面积活性炭的正交法研究

用正交实验的方法系统研究了以沥青焦为原料，KOH为活化剂，通过化学活化法制得高比表面积活性炭，对制备高比表面积活性炭的条件进行了优化，并综合分析了各种因素对高比表面积活性炭吸附性能的影响。