岩石压人硬度与声发射参数关系的研究

为了查明岩石压入硬度与声发射参数如累计信号数、总能量、峰值RMS(信号均方根值)、积分RMS等之间的关系,在9种不同的岩石中进行了压入试验。结果表明:岩石压入硬度与声发射信号的积分RMS有最好的相关关系。有可能利用积分RMS这一参数来估价岩石压入硬度,并进一步预报岩石可钻性。     

On the role of acoustic plasmons in highT c superconductors

The role of acoustic plasmons in the recently discovered highT _c superconductors is discussed. It is shown that the exchange of acoustic plasmons together with the usual phonon exchange between electrons can give rise to aT _c ∼ 100 K.     

声振动分析技术用于骨折愈合程度估计的研究进展

利用声振动技术估计骨折愈合程度已经成为近年来国内外研究的热点之一，为了大家了解这一情况，本文详细地介绍了骨折愈合程度估计的研究方法和结果，分析了目前存在的问题，并对问题的解决和未来发展趋势提出了自己的见解．     

Visualization of 50 MHz Surface Acoustic Wave Propagation Using Stroboscopic Phase-Shift Interferometry

A Stroboscopic phase-shift interferometry has been developed to visualize surface acoustic wave (SAW) propagation on SAW devices quantitatively. The developed interferometry is a Fizeau-type one with a multi-mode semiconductor laser diode and an optical isolator. With the laser light illuminating stroboscopically, observed interference intensity gives information about average displacements of the vibrations. Fifty MHz SAW propagation on the surface of the SAW device has been measured with the interferometry. Distribution of the SAW along the propagation path has been observed, whose amplitude is 3 nm (p-p). Repetition accuracy evaluated with the root mean square method is 1/2500 of the laser wavelength. The system is useful for estimating and improving performances of micro-devices.Presented at 1996 International Workshop on Interferometry (IWI ‘96), August 27-29, Saitama, Japan.     

锗薄片内飞秒光偏转波谱技术

本文报道一种高灵敏飞秒时间分辨光偏转波谱技术。利用这一技术我们探测到锗薄片内超快的声子激发并精确测量了声脉冲的波形。我们观测到了光激发的电子—空穴等离子的超声传播。从实验数据我们推算出等离子的传播速度是锗内纵向声速的4倍。     

Interaction of Vortical and Acoustic Waves: From General Equations to Integrable Cases

The equations of the (2+1)-dimensional boundary-layer perturbation split into eigenmodes: a vortex wave and two acoustic waves. We assume that the equations of state (Taylor series approximation) are arbitrary. We realize a mode definition via local-relation equations extracted from the linearization of the general system over the boundary-layer flow. Each such link determines an invariant subspace and the corresponding projector. We examine the nonlinear equation for a vortex wave using a special orthogonal coordinate system based on streamlines. The equations for the orthogonal curves are linked to the Laplace equations via Laplace and Moutard transformations. The nonlinearity determines the proper form of the interaction between vortical and acoustic boundary-layer perturbation fields fixed by projecting to a subspace of the Orr-Sommerfeld equation solutions for the Tollmienn-Schlichting (linear vortical) wave and by the corresponding procedure for the acoustic wave. We suggest a new mechanism for controlling the nonlinear resonance of the Tollmienn-Schlichting wave by sound via a four-wave interaction.__________Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 144, No. 1, pp. 171–181, July, 2005.     

Growth of CdS/ZnS strained layer superlattices on GaAs(0 0 1) by molecular-beam epitaxy with special reference to their structural properties and lattice dynamics

Strained layer CdS/ZnS superlattices have been grown on GaAs(0 0 1) by molecular-beam epitaxy using CdS and ZnS compound sources. The samples were investigated with special reference to their structural properties and lattice dynamics by means of X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The results of four superlattices with different period length are discussed in detail. X-ray diffraction profiles show superlattice satellite peaks up to the fourth order indicating a high degree of periodicity. The lateral and in-depth homogeneity of the period length is also confirmed by Raman investigations. Folded longitudinal acoustic phonons in CdS/ZnS superlattices were observed for the first time. The experimental values agree very well with theoretical calculations based on the Rytov model and show the expected dependency on the superlattice period. The behaviour of the optical phonons is mainly determined by strain induced shifts caused by the high lattice mismatch (−7%) for this system. A good agreement between theoretical predictions and detected frequencies is obtained.     

Diffraction phenomena in the field of a circular piezoelectric transducer viewed in the time domain

Transient diffraction phenomena in the field of a piston transducer have been explained theoretically in terms of the direct and edge wave contributions to the piston response. Previous experimental studies by other workers have verified this concept for single cycles of 4 MHz radiation. Faster transients are difficult to study using thin piezoelectric transducers due to transducer resonance. Thick piezoelectric transducers of very low resonant frequency can be used to generate and receive step function acoustic transients with rise times of 20 ns or less and the problems of transducer resonance can be avoided. Experimental results are presented which show that when such a step function is propagated between two thick transducers the time course of the received wave can be explained in terms of the direct wave/edge wave model in conjunction with the theory of transient reverberations in piezoelectric elements.     

Waves of Transverse Stresses under a Plane Impact on the Surface of a Sandwich Panel (Acoustic Approximation)

The wave process arising in a sandwich panel with a free back surface under the action of a short-term dynamic load on the front surface of the upper layer (plane deformation) is investigated. The calculation procedure for displacements, rates, and stresses under a rectangular short-time pulse, whose duration does not exceed the double time of wave travel within a layer, is based on the representation of the solution to the one-dimensional wave equation in terms of characteristics. The transmission and reflection coefficients of the pressure pulses on the contact surfaces of layers with different physical properties are determined. The expressions for tensile stresses in the panel face layers and filler, which are responsible for the material failure by spalling, are presented. The stresses in relation to the geometry and dynamic parameters of the sandwich structure are analyzed. In the case of a symmetric panel structure, the stress pattern in the midlayer and on its contact boundaries is given, which takes into account the branching and superposition of pulses.     

网络电话语音识别中关键词的后验可信测度

网络电话语音的识别具有广阔的应用前景 ,而相对较低的话音质量突出了关键词捕捉的重要意义。关键词捕捉的核心问题是关键词可信度的估计。在零虚警假设下提出了关键词的后验可信度 ,在测度中结合了声学层分数和基于拼音的统计语言模型分数 ,利用动态规划推导了计算测度的前向后向算法。在 2 4 0个关键词的捕捉实验中 ,后验可信度下的关键词识别率高于 88%。基于拼音格 HMM(隐 Markov模型 ) ,对可信度估计、关键词捕捉、最优部分路径搜索及拼音多候选重排进行了统一的解释。