百色盆地东部坳陷北部陡坡带那读组层序特征及岩相古地理演化

结合钻井岩心、测井、野外露头等地质资料以及前人的研究成果,将百色盆地东部坳陷北部陡坡带东段那读组划分为1个超长期、4个长期、8个中期和数十个短期旋回层序.以2个长期旋回层序(LSC3~LSC4对应的2个沉积层序)为单位,编制了那一期的岩相古地理图.结果表明:在那一期主要发育扇三角洲前缘-浅湖、半深湖亚相;扇三角洲平原亚相不发育,仅分布在研究区的西北部和东北部,沿断裂呈窄带状分布;扇三角洲前缘、浅湖、半深湖亚相较发育,分布在研究区中部和东南部的广大地区.     

合川盐井溪嘉陵江组第二段盐溶角砾岩-次生灰岩的碳氧同位素组成

以四川盆地东部合川盐井溪剖面三叠系嘉陵江组第二段的盐溶角砾岩-次生灰岩为重点研究对象,在薄片观察、阴极发光和元素分析的基础上,探讨了盐溶角砾岩-次生灰岩和相邻地层中微晶灰岩、微晶白云岩的元素地球化学特征和碳、氧同位素组成。研究表明:盐溶角砾岩-次生灰岩锰、锶的质量分数和δ~(13) C、δ~(18) O平均值分别为268×10~(-6)、120×10~(-6)、-5.80‰和-8.97‰,微晶灰岩锰、锶的质量分数和δ~(13) C、δ~(18) O平均值分别为142×10~(-6)、767×10~(-6)、-1.60‰和~(-6).31‰。与相邻地层的微晶灰岩相比,盐溶角砾岩-次生灰岩具有较高的锰含量、较低的锶含量、较负的碳、氧同位素组成,显示盐溶角砾岩-次生灰岩的地球化学特征代表了表生成岩环境,其碳源主要与近地表大气水环境的CO_2有关,并可能掺和细菌硫酸盐还原作用产生的CO_2,氧除与近地表大气水有关外,并可能继承了硫酸盐中的氧;微晶灰岩则对海水地球化学信息具有更好的代表性。相邻地层微晶白云岩的锰、锶的质量分数和δ~(13) C、δ~(18) O平均值分别为291×10~(-6)、98×10~(-6)、-0.30‰和-4.23‰,具有和盐溶角砾岩-次生灰岩类似的锰、锶含量和较正的碳、氧同位素组成,碳同位素可能较好地代表了同期海水,氧同位素则代表了蒸发海水。     

川东地区飞仙关储层分类及典型井精细解释

四川盆地东部,下三叠统飞仙关组是勘探的主要目标层,研究认为该层由于沉积期水体深度不同,发育三种不同类型的储层,分别是孔隙型、孔隙—裂缝型及裂缝型,由于储层类型不同,其孔、渗性能和天然气产量差别较大,钻井过程中气显示特征也不尽相同。对川东石柱复向斜建南构造XD1井进行精细解释后,认为该井飞仙关气层为一套不同类型的交互沉积层,需要进行逐层精细解释,才能分段确定储层性质及类型,准确进行分段产能预测。     

四川盆地南缘骑龙村剖面五峰——龙马溪组黑色页岩孔隙大小特征的重新厘定

以四川盆地南缘习水骑龙村剖面的上奥陶统—下志留统五峰-龙马溪组页岩气储层为例,探讨黑色页岩的孔隙大小特征与气体赋存的相关性。运用氮气吸附法对储层的微观孔隙进行定量测定,通过扫描电镜对页岩孔隙的微观特征进行定性分析,再结合页岩有机碳含量、Si/Al比值,对页岩的孔隙结构特征进行表征:(1)在排除SiO2质量分数>70%的页岩样品(孔隙主要以>1μm的宏孔为主)基础上,SiO2质量分数≤70%的页岩样品的孔隙中3～10nm的微孔,占孔隙总体积的50%～83%(平均值为71%),占比表面积的范围为86%～97%(平均值为94%);(2)甲烷吸附量、Si/Al和有机碳含量分别与3～10nm微孔的孔隙体积、比表面积成明显的正相关。综合表明四川盆地南缘五峰-龙马溪组页岩中孔隙<10nm的微孔才是主要气体存储空间。     

甲烷水合物一维注热开采实验结合数值分析

甲烷水合物是具有发展前景的新能源,对其的开采方法是当今世界的热门话题。本文运用实验探究甲烷水合物的合成、利用软件模拟结合实验等综合方法研究了甲烷水合物被热力开采时的注热温度、注热时间、注热速率,探究这些因素对其开采效果的影响。并结合构建物理模型和数值分析等方法分析了注热开采的动态及规律。结论表明,甲烷水合物的注热开采是一个非稳态的传热过程,温度与时间的关系先呈指数递减后呈线性递减。     

东营凹陷沙河街组页岩油储层微观孔隙结构研究

储层微观孔隙结构研究可为页岩油勘探开发提供依据。利用氩离子抛光扫描电镜实验和孔隙图像储层结构参数统计方法,分析了渤海湾盆地东营凹陷沙河街组18块岩芯样品的微观孔隙发育特征。结果表明,东营凹陷沙河街组页岩油层段的孔隙类型主要包括粒间孔、溶蚀孔、晶间孔和晶内孔,泥质粒间孔提供的面孔率贡献最大,溶蚀孔对有较高的面孔率贡献,晶间孔和晶内孔的面孔率贡献最低。页岩油储层孔隙的孔径属于纳米级和微米级,数量上纳米级孔隙占绝对优势,但储层面孔率主要由在数量上不占优势的微米级孔隙提供。因此,东营凹陷沙河街组页岩油层段的主要储集空间属于微米级孔隙。     

New data regarding acritarch biostratigraphy from the Early-Middle Cambrian Kaili Formation in Chuandong, Guizhou Province, China

Previous studies have evaluated acritarchs from the Balang and Pingzhai sections of the Early-Middle Cambrian Kaili Formation in east Guizhou, China. The results of these studies suggest that the acritarchs in these sections have potential biostratigraphic significance. More recently, 34 samples collected from 83m lower part of the Lower-Middle cambrian Kaili Formation in the Jianshan section of Chuandong, Guizhou Province were prepared for palynological analysis. Analysis of these samples revealed a distinct change in the acritarch assemblages at the bed, which was approximately 46m above the bottom of the Kaili Formation. These findings suggest a boundary represented by an important alteration of the ecological environment. In addition, the position of the acritarch biostratigraphic change is somewhat higher than the boundary between Cambrian Series 2 and Series 3 based on trilobites found in the same section. This indicates that the distinct change in acritarch assemblages is similar to the change in trilobite assemblages that occurs around the boundary between Cambrian Series 2 and Series 3. Therefore, acritarch biostratigraphy can provide data that can be used to define the base of Cambrian Series 3 in this region, and possibly worldwide.     

聚合物共混相态形成过程及其理论研究进展

聚合物共混过程中相态的形成及变化规律是近年来研究热点问题,这一动态过程将决定静态材料的结构与性能.聚合物共混形态结构发展的机理有初期破碎、中期分散及后期归并等机理.在共混初期,分散相尺寸较大,以细化为主.随着混合时间的增加,分散相逐渐细化,尺寸越来越小,细化也越来越难,在应力场的作用下,分散相粒子可能因碰撞而发生归并,归并与细化将逐渐达到平衡而形成稳定的结构.在混炼后期,剪切力减小,粒子发生有效碰撞归并概率增大.     

Spectroscopic Investigation on the Acrolein Hydration

The progress with time of the UV and ¹H NMR spectra of an aqueous solution of acrolein shows that, contrary to assumptions of previous authors, hydracrylaldehyde is not the only reaction product: in addition to it and its hydrated form, spontaneous oxidation products are present.     

Synthesis and thermodynamic studies of the dinuclear adducts between dimethyltin(IV) dichloride with SalenH2 and MII(Salen) complexes in chloroform

A UV-Vis spectrophotometric study of adduct formation of SalenH₂ (1) and M^II(Salen), where M?=?Mn (2), Fe (3), Co (4), Ni (5) and Cu (6) as donors with Me₂SnCl₂ as acceptor have been investigated in chloroform. Adducts (1a–6a) have been characterized by ¹H, ¹³C and ¹¹⁹Sn NMR, IR and electronic spectroscopy and microanalysis. Formation constants and thermodynamic parameters were measured for 1 : 1 and 2 : 1 adducts at various temperatures (T?=?278 to 308 K). The data refinement was carried out with the SQUAD 84 program. The trend of formation constants of M^II(Salen) complexes with Me₂SnCl₂ follows the order: Mn>Fe>Cu>Co>Ni. The formation constants for the free 1 and M^II(Salen) with Me₂SnCl₂ changes according to the following trend: M^II(Salen)>SalenH₂