发光隧道结表面粗糙度的隧道显微镜研究

本文报道用扫描隧道显微镜(STM)在空气中观测淀积在1000A厚的CaF_2薄膜上的Al-Al_2O_3-Au在发光隧道结表面的研究成果。在观测中我们首次发现结表面的CaF_2薄膜呈现出横向相关长度分别为300-700A和30-50A的两种粗糙度;横向相关长度小的粗糙度被横向相关长度大的所调制。这种横向相关长度为30-50A的表面粗糙度的存在与Laks和Mills的表面随机粗糙隧道结发光理论的预期值一致。     

隧道窑的热效率与节能分析

目前隧道窑在烧成中 ,热损失严重。通过控制热工制度 ,缩小窑体表面积和降低烟气温度等 ,可以获得节约能源、降低热耗的目的     

Concerted Rattling in CsAg5Te3 Leading to Ultralow Thermal Conductivity and High Thermoelectric Performance

Thermoelectric (TE) materials convert heat energy directly into electricity, and introducing new materials with high conversion efficiency is a great challenge because of the rare combination of interdependent electrical and thermal transport properties required to be present in a single material. The TE efficiency is defined by the figure of merit ZT=(S²σ) T/κ, where S is the Seebeck coefficient, σ is the electrical conductivity, κ is the total thermal conductivity, and T is the absolute temperature. A new p‐type thermoelectric material, CsAg₅Te₃, is presented that exhibits ultralow lattice thermal conductivity (ca. 0.18 Wm^?1 K^?1) and a high figure of merit of about 1.5 at 727 K. The lattice thermal conductivity is the lowest among state‐of‐the‐art thermoelectrics; it is attributed to a previously unrecognized phonon scattering mechanism that involves the concerted rattling of a group of Ag ions that strongly raises the Grüneisen parameters of the material.     

Effective potential, Bohm’s potential plus classical potential, analysis of quantum transmission

The influence of spreading, in wavepacket transmission across a potential barrier has been analyzed, by considering several collisions between a wavepacket and a potential barrier, in which the initial distance between the packet and the barrier—the launching distance, is changed. An effective total potential (Bohm’s quantum potential plus classical potential), has been used, to show that, for suitable classical barrier widths and heights, light masses, as well as mean collision energies, one should expect an increase of the quantum transmission factor as the initial wavepacket—barrier distance is decreased. Numerically converged time-dependent wavepacket propagation calculations confirm that trend, leading to an increase as high as 20% per ?, in thin square and Eckart barrier problems. Possibilities of experimentally measuring this effect are also analyzed.     

Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel 3D Coordination Polymer Based on Cu（II） Cations and Mellitic Acid

A new mellitate complex [Cu3（μ2-mellitate）（μ2-H2O）（H2O）2·H2O]n 1 has been synthesized by the reaction of mellitic acid and Cu（CH3COO）2·H2O in the presence of base. Crystallographic data for 1： C12H8O16Cu3, Mr = 598.80, orthorhombic, Pbcn, a = 8.4378（6）, b = 10.0396（7）, c = 17.6799（12）A, V = 1497.70（18）A^3, Z = 4, De = 2.656 g/cm^3, μ = 4.327 mm^-1, F（000） = 1180, R = 0.0431 and wR = 0.0964 for 1075 observed reflections （I 〉 2σ（I））. X-ray crystal structural analysis revealed that the mellitate anions behave as the bridging ligands and link eight copper atoms repeatedly to form a novel three-dimensional metal-organic coordination polymer with two different rhombic tunnels in the solid-state structure.     

隧道通风活塞效应数值模拟方法研究

介绍了国内外隧道通风系统的最新研究进展.研究了两种分析隧道通风活塞效应的数值模拟方法:动网格法和动量源项法.动网格法通过模拟车辆的真实运动,可以给出隧道内详细的三维空间局部参数的变化趋势,但该方法模拟耗时巨大,效率较低.动量源项法通过添加一个动量源来实现车辆移动,该方法可避免消耗大量的计算资源和时间,从而大大提高模拟效率.     

不同扩散角下汽车风洞试验段轴向静压系数

轴向静压系数是衡量汽车风洞试验段流场品质的重要参数.收集口角度影响轴向静压系数,它的改变对不同风洞表现出不一致的变化规律.通过研究不同风洞在不同扩散角下试验段轴向静压系数的变化发现,当扩散角为1.70°时,试验段轴向静压系数不随收集口角度的变化而变化;当它小于1.70°时,收集口角度越大,试验段轴向静压系数越大;当它大于1.70°时,变化规律相反.扩散角所导致试验段轴向静压系数变化规律的深层次的原因是,射流剪切层存在固定的耗散角,当扩散角等于耗散角时,收集口角度变大导致的扩散效应与外界气流进入带来的效应相同;当扩散角小于耗散角,收集口角度变大导致扩散效应更强.这揭示了收集口角度导致静压系数变化的机理,为风洞建设确定收集口和试验段等关键尺寸提供理论和设计参考.     

地下结构混凝土微胶囊自修复法及力学模型

由于受到外环境和内环境的共同作用,地铁隧道结构的劣化现象是不可避免的,且用常规方法难以修复.而微胶囊自修复混凝土为地铁隧道结构的修复提供了新的方法,它能够智能、大范围地修复细微裂缝,且对结构造成的初始损伤较小.为此,提出了基于泰勒弹性损伤模型的受拉荷载下地下结构微胶囊自修复混凝土的二维自修复细观力学模型,建立了损伤修复演化方程,给出了修复后柔度的求解公式.微胶囊自修复水泥的试验与数值对比分析表明,该模型不仅能够模拟地下结构微胶囊自修复混凝土的损伤修复现象,而且具有较好的计算精度.     

建筑群不均匀性对拖曳力影响的风洞测压实验

针对建筑群不均匀性缺乏系统的研究方法以及多数处于定性研究的现状,从建筑几何结构的形态学角度出发,采用迎风面积指数、平面面积指数、形状指数和综合非直线系数表达建筑群的不均匀性.风洞实验中采用刚性模型测压的方法进行建筑表面压力的测量,并设计了悬浮实验平台直接测量整个区域所受的拖曳力.实验结果表明,分布在较大平面区域内各建筑的单体拖曳力系数沿风向的变化趋势近似为一条热容模式的衰减曲线;利用有代表性的建筑表面压力测量结果求取的整个区域拖曳力系数和基于拖曳力直接测量的拖曳力系数具有相同的趋势,但普遍大10%~20%;对比可知,地面粗糙度改变对模型表面风压差系数的分布影响不显著,综合非直线系数为1.332 5的工况较1.177 5的工况拖曳力系数减小约17.7%,H型建筑表面风压差系数分布与矩形建筑不同,其对气流的强烈作用造成拖曳力系数约34.6%的增加.     

基于高低雷诺数试验的分离双箱涡振性能对比

为比较分离双箱涡振性能在高低雷诺数试验中的异同,在同济大学TJ-1和TJ-3风洞试验室进行了40个工况的对比试验.结果表明,在低雷诺数试验中涡振出现的阻尼比区间及其相应的振幅都较大,在高雷诺数试验中涡振出现的阻尼比区间和幅值都较小;导流板在零度攻角时无论雷诺数高低都能减小涡振振幅,但在攻角存在时,导流板仅在低雷诺数试验条件下能够增大涡振振幅而在高雷诺数试验条件下则会减小涡振振幅.最后还对试验现象差异的机制进行了分析,并对与大带东桥和昂船洲桥研究结果异同的原因进行了分析.