Investment optimization on port’s development by fuzzy integer programming

In this research, the main purpose is to formulate a model to determine the optimum investment on port development from national investment prospective; on the other hand, costs and benefits are calculated from consumer and investor’s viewpoint. The formulated model is an integer-programming model. The emphasis is on how to formulate an investment optimization problem where cargo operation, investment costs, cargo-handling capacity, cargo transportation network, and the world maritime fleet constraints are included. Fuzzy numbers are used for cargo forecast study results. The output of the model is the type of design ships and design berths which are needed in each sub period, so that the port planner (the government) will find out the optimum development plan of port in each sub period when there is uncertainty in cargo handling forecast (fuzzy numbers).     

Group and individual heterogeneity in a stochastic frontier model: Container terminal operators

Container ports are a major component of international trade and the global supply chain. Hence, the improvement of port efficiency can have a significant impact on the wider maritime economy. This paper deconstructs a representation in the existing literature that neglects the heterogeneity of individual and group-specific terminal operators. In its place, we present a hierarchical model to make a connection between efficiency and terminal operator group characteristics. The paper develops a stochastic frontier model that controls not only individual heterogeneity but also group-specific variations. The model decomposes the total stochastic derivation from the frontier into inefficiency, individual heterogeneity, group-specific variations, and noise components, with the estimation being performed using Markov chain Monte Carlo simulations. The validity of the model is tested with a panel of container terminal operator data from 1997-2004. Our findings show that terminal operator groups are important in promoting terminal efficiency at the global level, and that the operators with stevedore backgrounds show a higher efficiency than carriers.     

信阳上天梯非金属矿生态环境补偿机制探讨

在对信阳上天梯非金属矿生态环境调查和生态补偿现状分析的基础上,提出了建立企业承担责任、政府有效监管的机制,构建了"坚持一条基本原则,按照两种补偿类型,建立‘三位一体’运行模式,采取‘四个结合’补偿方式"的生态环境补偿运行体系.提出通过政府主导、市场运作和公众参与的方法引进市场机制,争取政策支持,建立矿山生态环境"恢复基金"和"补偿保证金",强化对矿区企业的监督管理,督促企业依法履行恢复治理义务.     

时延估计与双线阵左右舷分辨

针对双线列阵的左右舷分辨问题，特别是双线阵间距较大时的左右舷分辨问题，文中提出了一种以时延估计为理论基础的左右舷分辨方法，将双线阵的左右舷分辨问题转变成对轴向对称的两路波束信号进行时延估计，然后根据时延值的符号判断出目标所处的左右舷。该方法具有算法简单、对阵形畸变不敏感的优点。经过湖试实验数据分析验证，证明是一种简单、有效、可行的左右舷分辨技术。     

An integrated model for screening cargo containers

This paper focuses on detecting nuclear weapons on cargo containers using port security screening methods, where the nuclear weapons would presumably be used to attack a target within the United States. This paper provides a linear programming model that simultaneously identifies optimal primary and secondary screening policies in a prescreening-based paradigm, where incoming cargo containers are classified according to their perceived risk. The proposed linear programming model determines how to utilize primary and secondary screening resources in a cargo container screening system given a screening budget, prescreening classifications, and different device costs. Structural properties of the model are examined to shed light on the optimal screening policies. The model is illustrated with a computational example. Sensitivity analysis is performed on the ability of the prescreening in correctly identifying prescreening classifications and secondary screening costs. Results reveal that there are fewer practical differences between the screening policies of the prescreening groups when prescreening is inaccurate. Moreover, devices that can better detect shielded nuclear material have the potential to substantially improve the system’s detection capabilities.     

信阳市地貌特征对农业发展的影响

首先,分析了信阳市地貌的基本特征,自南向北呈阶梯状分布,自西向东海拔高度逐渐降低.其次,探讨了地貌特征对农业发展的影响,从农业的种植类型和生产规模两个方面进行直接分析,从地貌对气候、水文水系和水土流失等方面进行间接分析.最后,提出促进信阳市农业良性发展的根本措施:因地制宜发展小型农业类型,大力发展生态农业,以确保农业可持续发展.     

脲基氨基甲酸酯化合物的合成及应用研究

在轿车发动机的燃烧室中以及发动机进气系统的汽油喷嘴上,汽油往往因高温及废气的酸性物质作用而产生沉积物,尤其是在喷油嘴上会产生结焦,甚至堵塞喷油嘴,使汽车不能启动运行［'－'j．采用优化发动机设计的办法,对改善沉积物和结焦作用不大,而在汽油中加人汽油清净分散剂却能产生较好的效果．目前,美国加人清净分散剂的汽油已占90％,深入研究新型、高效的清净分散剂已成为研究的热点．按化学结构汽油清净分散剂大致分为两类"－'：（l）小分子胺类,如N一苯硬脂酷胺、单丁二醋亚胺、双丁二酚亚胺和1,3一三甲撑二胺类等;（2）低聚…     

宁波港北仑港区冲淤里初探

本文根据北仑港区的水文资料,运用三种不同方法进行初步的冲淤计算。计算成果与北仑港区地形测量资料比较一致。分析了水动力条件,床面切应力以及地形等资料,认为目前本区是处于稳定阶段,水流足能把来沙带走。     

信阳师范学院校园木本植物资源调查

对信阳师范学院校园内的木本植物进行了调查,统计、分析了校园内木本植物的种类、优势类群及分布特点,在此基础上编制校园木本植物名录,并对校园绿化提出指导性建议.校园现有木本植物共计58科109属179种(含变种、变型及栽培变种),其中有裸子植物6科14属30种,被子植物52科95属149种.种类最多的科是蔷薇科.种类、数量尚可,分布较为均匀、合理,但单属科、单种属较多,分别占60.35%、67.89%.