迈向数学机械化:从塔斯基到王浩

介绍了哥德尔不完备定理如何使希尔伯特定理判定问题研究陷入困境.评价了塔斯基在理论上给出了定理判定的方法意义.特别指出是王浩首次在计算机上实现了高效证明定理的方法,并明确提出“迈向数学机械化”.     

导数FTIR结合统计学法应用于中药延胡索质量控制的研究

提出了用单次反射傅里叶变换红外光谱法直接测定延胡索及其伪品的新方法。采用OMNI采样器直接测定法测定了样品的红外光谱,并经过二阶导数光谱转换后进行峰位一致率检验。结果发现延胡索表皮以内部分和外表皮的二阶导数红外光谱峰位基本无差别,而且不同产地的道地药材具有较好的相关性。表皮以内部分于2050～650cm^-1区域在4cm^-1波长区域单位范围内进行统计学处理,结果延胡索与其伪品的差异性极其显。可以采用二阶导数FTIR结合统计学法直接、快速、准确地对延胡索与其伪品的表皮以内部分进行区别鉴定。     

王场油田盐间层地层水结盐规律研究*

盐间泥质白云岩油藏是江汉盐湖沉积盆地非常独特的一种盐间烃源盐油气藏,其中王场油田盐间层具有典型代表性。由于地层水矿化度高,油井生产过程中产生大量的盐垢,导致维护费用大大增加,产量明显下降,酸化压裂效果变差,挤水压力高,有效期短。分析了该油田的地层水理化性能和模拟井筒条件下的井筒结盐规律。研究结果认为:结盐井地层水的的化学成份主要是NaCl,同时含有一定量的CaSO_4和MgSO_4,盐垢样主要为白云石、方解石和钙芒硝,与地层水成分是相吻合;随温度逐渐降低,地层水结盐量增加,特别是在50~70℃结盐速度最快;压力对结盐速度影响不大;低转速(10 000~30 000r/min)对结盐速度影响不大;而高转速(﹥100 000 r/min)条件下结盐速度减慢。     

Incomplete financial markets and contingent claim pricing in a dual expected utility theory framework

This paper investigates the price for contingent claims in a dual expected utility theory framework, the dual price, considering arbitrage-free financial markets. A pricing formula is obtained for contingent claims written on n underlying assets following a general diffusion process. The formula holds in both complete and incomplete markets as well as in constrained markets. An application is also considered assuming a geometric Brownian motion for the underlying assets and the Wang transform as the distortion function.     

试论顾随对王国维词的继承和发展

顾随对王国维词的继承和发展主要体现在四个方面：一是在词中融入对人间的关注和人生的思考;二是擅于＂造境＂,以象征手法表现心灵中的境界;三是运用句法修辞增强词的表现力;四是对王国维词语言的借用和意境的化用。     

李梅杏种质资源的系统起源研究进展

李梅杏是近年来新发现的研究李属植物自然进化的重要种质资源,尤其是研究李、杏杂种自然发生规律的重要试材,本文对该类种质资源的形态多样性及分子系统学方面的研究作了综述,同时就如何深入研究该类资源的遗传结构以及对整个李属植物起源演化的意义作了展望.     

裴迪与王维交游考

裴迪因与王维赋诗唱和而名世,过去论者研究王维者多,研究裴迪者少,在他们二人交游问题上．难免以偏概全。裴迪为裴天恩之弟裴天寿之后裔,大约生于开元六年（718）。他与王维交游始于唐天宝二年（743）正月,交谊深厚,亲密无间。乾元元年（758）初,即裴迪与王缙入蜀之前,二人交游始止。其后裴迪便无踪迹,难以查考。     

论王筠的“古今字”观念

王筠所论的"古今字",指的是为记录一个词,不同时期的文献中使用了不同的字符这一现象。王筠使用"古今字",是以沟通字词关系为目的的,"古今字"和专门论述汉字造字演变的术语"分别文"、"累增字"并不处在同一理论层面上。把王筠的"分别文"、"累增字"概念与"古今字"概念混同起来是有违学术史事实的。     

Critical and multicritical behavior in the Ising–Heisenberg universality class

Critical behavior of three-dimensional classical frustrated antiferromagnets with a collinear spin ordering and with an additional twofold degeneracy of the ground state is studied. We consider two lattice models, whose continuous limit describes a single phase transition with a symmetry class differing from the class of non-frustrated magnets as well as from the classes of magnets with non-collinear spin ordering. A symmetry breaking is described by a pair of independent order parameters, which are similar to order parameters of the Ising and O(N) models correspondingly. Using the renormalization group method, it is shown that a transition is of first order for non-Ising spins. For Ising spins, a second order phase transition from the universality class of the O(2) model may be observed. The lattice models are considered by Monte Carlo simulations based on the Wang–Landau algorithm. The models are a ferromagnet on a body-centered cubic lattice with the additional antiferromagnetic exchange interaction between next-nearest-neighbor spins and an antiferromagnet on a simple cubic lattice with the additional interaction in layers. We consider the cases N = 1, 2, 3 and in all of them find a first-order transition. For the N = 1 case we exclude possibilities of the second order or pseudo-first order of a transition. An almost second order transition for large N is also discussed.