Water treatment: functional nanomaterials and applications from adsorption to photodegradation

Global efforts for engineering desired materials which are able to treat the water sources still are ongoing in the bench level methods. Considering adsorbent and photocatalytic materials as the main reliable candidates still are encountering with struggles because of many challenges that restrict their large-scale application. This review comprehensively considered the recent advanced materials water treatment methods which involve to magnetic, activated carbon, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene (G), graphene oxide (GO), (Graphene) quantum dots, carbon nanorods, carbon nano-onions, and reduced graphene oxide (RGO), zeolite, silica and clay-based nanomaterials. The adsorption and photocatalytic properties of these nanomaterials introduced them as highly potent option for heavy metal ions and organic dyes removal and photocatalytic degradation. High specific surface area in conjugation with presenting higher kinetics of adsorption and decomposition are the main characteristics of these materials which make them appropriate to treat wastewater even in ultralow concentration of the pollutants. Considering the mechanistic aspects of the adsorption and photocatalytic decomposition process, challenges and opportunities were other subjects that have been highlighted for the discussed nanomaterials. In term of the adsorption approaches, the mechanism of adsorptions and their influence on the maximum adsorption capacity were discussed and also for photocatalyst approach the radical active spices and their role in kinetic and efficiency of the organic pollutant decomposition were provided a deep discussion.     

基于EKC假说的经济发展与自然保护区关系分析

 利用计量经济学模型对我国各省的自然保护区面积与经济发展、人口密度的关系进行了分析。结果表明,我国自然保护区的发展符合环境库兹涅茨曲线假说,变化的拐点处于人均GDP为2.5万~3.2万元之间。仅北京、天津、上海、浙江与江苏已越过拐点,广东、山东、辽宁、内蒙古和福建处于拐点区间内,甘肃、四川、青海与吉林虽然没有越过拐点,但自然保护区建设情况较好,而海南,贵州的自然保护区面积偏低。     

温室模糊控制系统设计

针对温室环境控制的特点,介绍了温室控制系统的硬件组成,重点介绍了温度和相对湿度的模糊控制推理机制,给出了执行机构的模糊控制规则.测试结果表明了本控制方案是有效的.     

Optical immunosensors for environmental monitoring: How far have we come?

Immunosensing has proved to be a very interesting research area. This review discusses what has actually been achieved in the field of optical immunosensing for environmental screening, and what still needs to be done. The review is presented from a practical point of view. In terms of the basic design of the immunosensor, there is a trend towards decreasing assay time; indeed, this has been reduced from 15–20 minutes to less than 5 minutes. Another goal is to simplify the manifold, and label-free approaches combining indirect assay formats and the detection of antibody binding are popular. Rapid displacement assays have also been investigated thoroughly. In terms of some important features of immunosensing devices, the reusability of the sensing element has been studied in great depth, and working lifetimes of more than five hundred assays can now be found for all assay formats. Multianalyte assays are now being investigated, and current systems are able to monitor 2–3 target compounds, although this number is set to increase greatly (to >30) in the near future. In this sense, an increasing number of publications can be found on microarrays intended for multianalyte determinations. The application of immunosensing to real situations is the main challenge. Immunosensors are barely commercialized and are yet to be established as research or routine tools, due to a lack of validated protocols for a wide range of sample matrices. Regarding compounds considered as analytes, some significant pollutants such as dioxins or pharmaceuticals are rarely chosen as targets, although the current tendency is towards a broader spectrum of analytes. New immunoreagents should be raised for these compounds, for use in immunosensors that can be used as screening tools.     

人工神经网络光度法同时测定土壤中铅-镉-镍

研究了以4－（2－吡啶偶氮）－间苯二酚（PAR）为显色剂、十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）为增敏剂、乙酸－乙酸钠为缓冲液，在水相中对铅、镉、镍进行同时测定。利用二次回归正交组合设计，对体系因子进行了优化。以苏州吴县水稻田土壤为研究对象，利用反向人工神经网络对其中铅、镉、镍的全量、有效态、活化态分别进行了同时测定，预测结果与AAS法所测结果基本一致。     

加强实验教学环境内涵建设 提高环境育人质量

在实验室里的实验教学过程涉及到教书育人、管理育人、服务育人和环境育人。一个良好的实验环境不仅能够对学生起到潜移默化的教育作用,而且对教书育人、管理育人和服务育人工作的开展和实施也能起到推动和促进作用。本文主要介绍厦门大学化学国家级实验教学示范中心"以学生为中心",在强化实验教学环境内涵建设、提高实验环境育人质量方面的一些做法和体会,以期更好地为实验教学"思政"提供可复制、可推广的建设方案。     

网络环境下《商务英语会话》教学模式探索

本研究以现代英语教学理论为依据,在分析商务英语会话教学现状和课程特点的基础上,提出了基于多媒体网络环境下的"课前引导+课堂教学(多媒体商务体验模式)+网络自主学习和交互管理平台+学生档案袋"商务英语会话教学模式。     

重庆市废旧手机电池回收现状调查及利用对策

手机废旧电池作为高科技垃圾,由于含有许多重金属有毒元素,如果没有采取相应的处理措施,必将对人类居住以及生态环境造成伤害.重庆作为三峡库区和西部开发的核心城市,怎样加强对手机电池固体废物的科学管理以及回收利用科学决策,不仅关系到危险固体废物的科学管理,同时也关系到三峡库区的生态环境和人民的身体健康.为了协助政府出台关于回收利用废旧手机电池这一政策,该研究主要通过对目前手机使用人群就废旧手机电池的处置与回收进行了市场调查、统计,针对重庆市废旧手机电池的处理现状,提出了目前重庆市废旧手机电池固体废物的管理措施与科学的回收利用和处置对策.     

网络环境下高校期刊工作之我见

网络信息的发展给传统的图书管理工作带来了严峻的挑战,本文分析了网络带给高校图书馆期刊工作的新变化,以及在网络环境下如何在网络环境下创新高效期刊工作。     

环境教育渗透中学化学教学现状调查及案例设计

通过对乌鲁木齐市三所中学高一年级学生环境意识情况的调查，获取了学生在有关化学的环境知识掌握、利用化学知识认识环境问题、提出解决环境问题的可能方法和途径、养成自觉的环境保护行为等方面的信息。根据信息，对调研学校学生环境知识掌握的情况、学生环境意识的水平等进行分析思考与讨论，找出症结所在；然后根据化学教学大纲的要求，结合学校教学进度，运用合适的教学方法，设计教案，进行授课，再对授课学校的学生进行二次调查；最后进行反恩，总结提出在中学化学中渗透环境教育的建议。