高桩承台基础与桥梁结构的动力相互作用

采用两质点模型近似模拟群桩基础和基础以上桥梁结构的动力特性,推导出桥墩、基础地震反应的计算公式,然后用数学工具MATLAB编制了一个程序,最后以一个实际结构为背景建立两质点模型进行了动力相互作用规律的探讨.结果表明,承台质量较大的高桩承台基础和基础以上桥梁结构之间的动力相互作用现象非常显著,计算桥墩和基础的地震反应时,承台质量的影响不可忽略,否则可能会引起很大的误差.     

Peculiarities of isotopic temperatures obtained from p + A collisions at 1 GeV

Nuclear temperatures were extracted from fragment yields obtained in inclusive measurements of p+A collisions at 1 GeV. All thermometers based on double-isotopic yield-ratios provide temperatures T ≃ 4 MeV nearly independent on the target mass.     

Impurities detection by optical techniques in KH2PO4 crystals

In this paper we examine how optical techniques can be used for impurities (or defects) detection and identification in KH₂PO₄ (KDP) components. This is important in so far as some of these defects are responsible for a much weaker than expected Laser-Induced Damage Threshold (LIDT) in these materials, i.e. for a weaker resistance to a laser shot. KDP materials are investigated by photothermal deflection, fluorescence and photoexcitation with the aim of localizing and identifying the laser-induced damage precursors. The rapidly grown KDP crystals are shown to be heterogeneous from the absorption, fluorescence and composition point of view. Impurities concentrations are measured directly by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES) and tentatively correlated to some optical characteristics and to the LIDT of KDP materials.     

Fibre optic target reflectivity sensor

This paper reports the principle of operation, the design aspects, experimentation and performance of a fibre optic target reflectivity sensor to examine the correlation between the detector output, variation in material type and the reflectivity properties of the materials tested. The device consists of a fibre optic transmitter, a fibre optic probe, target and a photodiode detector. The fibre optic probe consists of two well-polished PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) fibres cemented together along some distance over the length. The principle of fibre optic lever displacement sensors is applied. Material effects are examined by preparing a variety of samples namely gold coated mirror, copper, brass, aluminium, steel and galvanized iron using the same polishing techniques. It is found that the response of the sensor changes with change of target surface. The results show that the fibre optic probe is capable of discriminating between materials. With the use of commercially available fibre, source and detector, the set-up proves to be simple, highly sensitive, low cost and versatile one, which can be adopted for on-line measurement or inspection of test components.     

Diversity management for efficient combinatorial optimization of materials

We describe the issues of evolutionary library design in the frame of Material and Catalyst discovery. Concepts of diversity management on material library to enhance the efficiency of the optimization are proposed. The diversity monitoring is implemented by two different approaches. The first deals with a dynamic monitoring of mutation and crossover rates whereas the second involves a selection step based on sample “distance”. Simulations of optimization are performed on a surface response which is designed to mimic realistic data. Algorithm performances are compared in terms of both efficiency and reliability.     

A computational determination of the Cowper–Symonds parameters from a single Taylor test

A novel technique for the dynamic characterization of metals from a single Taylor impact test is proposed. This computational characterization procedure is based on the formulation and solution of a first class inverse problem, in which the silhouette of the Taylor specimen’s final shape is expressed as a vector of its geometrical moments and used as input parameter. The inverse characterization problem is reduced to an optimization problem where the optimum material parameters for the Cowper–Symonds material model are determined. The optimization process is performed by a range adaptation real-coded genetic algorithm. Numerical example for the characterisation of 1018 steel is implemented and presented to validate the methodology presented in this paper. The effectiveness and simplicity of the proposed characterization procedure makes it an appropriate tool for the characterization of metals at high strain rates.     

A note on Sobolev orthogonality for Laguerre matrix polynomials

Let {Ln(A,λ)(x)}n≥0 be the sequence of monic Laguerre matrix polynomials defined on [0, ∞) by Ln(A,λ)(x)=n!/(-λ)n∑nk=0(-λ)κ/k!(n-1)! (A I)n[(A I)k]-1 xk,where A ∈ Cr×r. It is known that {Ln(A,λ)(x)}n≥0 is orthogonal with respect to a matrix moment functional when A satisfies the spectral condition that Re(z) ＞ - 1 for every z ∈σ(A).In this note we show that forA such that σ(A) does not contain negative integers, the Laguerre matrix polynomials Ln(A,λ) (x) are orthogonal with respect to a non-diagonal SobolevLaguerre matrix moment functional, which extends two cases: the above matrix case and the known scalar case.     

Simultaneous determination of inorganic mercury,methylmercury, and total mercury concentrations in cryogenic fresh-frozen and freeze-dried biological reference materials

Two speciated isotope dilution (SID) approaches consisting of a single-spike (SS) method and a double-spike (DS) method including a reaction/transformation model for the correction of inadvertent transformations affecting mercury species were compared in terms of accuracy, method performance, and robustness for the simultaneous determination of methylmercury (MeHg), inorganic mercury (iHg), and total mercury (HgT) concentrations in five biological Standard Reference Materials (SRMs). The SRMs consisted of oyster and mussel tissue materials displaying different mercury species concentration levels and different textural/matrix properties including freeze-dried (FD) materials (SRMs 1566b, 2976, and 2977) and cryogenically prepared and stored fresh-frozen (FF) materials (SRMs 1974a, 1974b). Each sample was spiked with (201)iHg (Oak Ridge National Laboratory, ORNL) and Me(202)Hg (Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements. IRMM-670) solutions and analyzed using alkaline microwave digestion, ethylation, and gas chromatography inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (GC/ICP-MS). The results obtained by the SS-SID method suggested that FF and FD materials are not always commutable for the simultaneous determination of iHg, MeHg, and HgT, due to potential transformation reactions resulting probably from the methodology and/or from the textural/matrix properties of the materials. These transformations can occasionally significantly affect mercury species concentration results obtained by SS-SID, depending on the species investigated and the materials considered. The results obtained by the DS-SID method indicated that the two classes of materials were commutable. The simultaneous and corrected concentrations of iHg, MeHg, and HgT obtained by this technique were not found to be statistically different form the certified and reference concentration together with their expanded uncertainty budgets for the five SRMs investigated, exemplifying the robustness, the accuracy, and the improved commutability of this method compared to SS-SID measurements.     

论民事保全程序的完善——以司法公正为视角

司法公正是现代法治的基本要求,是民事诉讼的价值追求之一。司法公正由实体公正和程序公正两部分构成,两者是对立统一的辩证关系。民事保全程序是民事诉讼的重要组成部分,对于保护当事人合法权利、维护司法判决权威具有重要意义,民事保全程序必须满足司法公正的相关要求。从实体公证的角度来看,保全程序不应当规定必须提供担保,而民事保全的担保额应当以被申请人可能遭受的损失的数额来计算。从程序公正的角度来看,应当规定被申请人在某些情况下参与保全程序的权利,并建立保全异议程序。     

"低碳概念"在现代包装设计教学中的运用

随着经济的发展,商品市场的竞争日趋激烈,高校设计教学也面临着新的发展方向."低碳概念"已经越来越被公众所熟知,这一话题包含新能源、节能减排、低碳技术升级、碳排放与碳汇.包装行业是一个与环境保护和可持续发展息息相关的行业.随着低碳经济的不断升温,低碳包装制品将成为包装行业发展的新热点.随着国内包装使用企业对包装设计制品碳排放量关注度的不断提升,使得艺术院校在包装设计教学过程中不断渗透"低碳概念"这一理念.