Purification of Pseudomonas sp. Lipase by Continuous Elution Electrophoresis Based on Pb^2＋ Precipitation Method

A Pb^2 precipitation method was designed to get rid of the impure proteins in a lipase. The results show that it was a simple way in the primary treatment of the crude samples and about 20% impure proteins were removed in the precipitation step. Further, continuous elution electrophoresis was also applied as a preparative technique for attaining the highly pure lipase. During the continuous elution electrophoresis, the enzyme was eluted as a single peak and 5.7-fold purification was achieved in a yield of 54.3%. The two steps finally yielded an electrophoretically homogeneous enzyme.     

木质素磺酸盐的分离提纯

以粗木质素磺酸钠为原料, 采用树脂法、超滤法、长链胺法和溶剂萃取法对其进行了提纯. 红外光谱、元素分析、凝胶渗透色谱等测试结果表明, 溶剂萃取法不能达到提纯目的; 树脂法、超滤法、长链胺法可除去相对分子量小于1000的杂质, 粗木质素磺酸钠经提纯后木质素磺酸钠的质量分数从59.0%提高到90%左右, 且提纯产品的重均分子量和数均分子量均增大, 分子量分布更均一. 从产品收率、提纯效果及提纯工艺等3方面分析表明, 长链胺法除糖效果最好, 提纯后糖含量下降了50%; 超滤法的收率最高, 可达31%, 且其提纯产品的重均分子量较高, 达到12000, 比粗木钠提高了1倍以上.     

带酞基聚芳醚酮超滤膜的研究──Ⅰ带酞基聚芳醚酮超滤膜的制备与性能

以带酞基聚芳醚酮（ＰＥＫＭ）为膜材料，用相转换法制备了ＰＥＫ—Ｃ不对称超滤膜，研究了铸膜液的主要组分对膜的孔结构与超滤性能的影响。     

An application of fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) in the purification of retinol binding protein from rat serum

Summary Retinol Binding Protein (RBP) is the specific plasma protein for the transport of retinol from liver to peripheral tissues. It is a single polypeptide chain of approximately 21 KDa, and circulates as a 11 molar complex with transthyretin (TTR). The relative low concentration in plasma (40–50 g/ml and its chromatographic behaviour on ionic exchangers render the purification of rat RBP particularly laborious. In this paper we report a simple and semi-automatic method for the preparative purification to homogeneity of rat serum RBP. The method includes: (1) Selective removal of albumin by affinity chromatography on a Blue Sepharose column; (2) Chromatography on a Mono Q strong anion exchange column; (3) Dissociation of the RBP-TTR complex by 3 M urea; (4) Concentration, desalting and freeze drying. The purified RBP has been used for the production in rabbit of antirat RBP specific antibodies for studies on nutritional control of RBP synthesis and metabolism.     

聚砜酰胺超滤膜的制备和性能

本文研究了聚砜酰胺超滤膜制备的工艺条件和膜分离性能之间的关系。求得膜的分离性能随预压时间、蒸发时间、沉淀浴温度和溶剂种类而变化的规律。     

丁二烯聚合反应用FeCl3-Al(i-Bu)3-Phen催化剂体系相态的研究

通过Ｔｙｎｄａｌｌ效应，电镜观察和超过滤实验，发现ＦｅＣｌ３－Ａｌ（ｉ－Ｂｕ）３－Ｐｈｅｎ，催化剂在溶有丁二烯的加氢汽油介质中为胶体分散系，活性中心位于胶体催化剂的胶粒表面，催化剂各组分间的配比影响有胶粒形态，以较佳配所得到的催化剂颗粒较小，分布均匀，催化活性高。     

溶胶凝胶法制备取向性氧化铝超滤陶瓷膜

用金属醇盐的溶胶-凝胶法在多孔α-Al_2O_3衬底上制备了孔径均一的γ-Al_2O_3超滤膜.经X射线衍射仪、扫描与透射电子显微镜以及静态氮吸附等手段对膜的结构、形貌与孔径大小分布等进行了表征.实验发现顶层膜取向生长,膜厚受浸取时间、溶胶浓度、粘度和实验温度等因素影响.典型条件下可在20mm×20mm衬底上制备孔径均一、大小为3.8～4.8nm和厚度2μm左右的无裂纹、无孔洞等表面缺陷的多孔γ-Al_2O_3陶瓷膜.     

Enhancing the antifouling property of polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membranes through surface adsorption-crosslinking of poly(vinyl alcohol)

An adsorption-crosslinking process of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) was introduced to modify the surface of polyethersulfone (PES) ultrafiltration membranes for enhancement of their antifouling property. XPS and water contact angle measurement confirmed the obvious enhancement of surface hydrophilicity. Ultrafiltration results showed that the spreading of PVA chains over the hydrophobic membrane surface caused substantial but acceptable decrease on membrane flux. The fouling type analysis indicated that PVA adsorption effectively improved the antifouling property of PES membranes. With a PVA concentration of 0.5 wt% and three cycles of alternative adsorption-crosslinking, the total and irreversible fouling ratio of modified membranes were 0.38 and 0.22, respectively, much lower than those of control PES membrane (0.61 and 0.47), and the flux recovery ratio was increased accordingly. The long-term ultrafiltration experiment demonstrated the improvement of recycling property and the reliability of adsorption-crosslinking process.     

Protein Separation with Flow-Through Chromatography

Proteins are isolated in the chemical process industries for a wide variety of uses. Isolation and separation are often conducted with chromatography. Conventional chromatography of proteins is often tedious and can suffer from poor efficiency and resolution. There is a well-known tradeoff between resolution and speed', Newer methods of protein chromatography seek to diminish the shortcomings of conventional methods. New methods are presently being investigated for process, preparative, and analytical applications.     

Aspects of ionic diffusion through thick matrices of charged particles

A review of the literature on ionic diffusion through matrices of charged particles shows that many workers have reported higher diffusivity of co-ions than of counterions. If these observations are correct then the requirement of electroneutrality of bulk solutions is violated. In those experiments other, not looked for, ions must have been taking part. It therefore appears that complete chemical analyses of solutions of both up- and downstream sides should be carried out, otherwise misleading inferences may be drawn, with practical consequences. Some researchers have studied transport of water under osmotic pressure differentials across clay membranes. However, a diffusing ion, during its transport from higher concentration to lower concentration, always carries its water of hydration. This second water transport process has not received attention. This suggests that at a critical concentration two transport processes will cancel each other. Attention has been drawn to this second type of water flow and its consequences. In ionic diffusion, each side of the membrane-outside solution interface is subject to the effects of the Nernst layer and Donnan zone. However, these layers and zones are seldom treated quantitatively. This has been carried out in this paper by two different methods. Both methods give identical thicknesses of the Nernst layer and Donnan zone. Finally, the effects of the presence of soluble bivalent salts on the diffusivity of different types of ions have been commented up on. In these cases some of the co-ions diffuse to the upstream side.