工业用水中总铁含量的快速测定

介绍了以菲咯嗪－醋酸钠－醋酸缓冲溶液为显色体系、用自制的铁含量比色测定仪快速测定工业用水中总铁含量的方法。总铁含量≤０５ｍｇ／Ｌ时，标准偏差≤００３ｍｇ／Ｌ；总铁含量＞０５ｍｇ／Ｌ时，相对标准偏差≤５％。单次测定时间（包括样品处理）为１０～１５ｍｉｎ。采用单色光源及微型流动比色池，由蠕动泵和电子线路实现自动进样，直接显示测定结果。     

Photolytic oxidation of As species for determination of total As (including the ‘hidden’ As fraction) in coastal seawater by hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry

Ultraviolet irradiation (photolysis) in alkaline medium was applied for pretreatment of seawater samples so as to accurately determine total As by continuous-flow hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry. This sample pretreatment is meant to convert non-reducible As forms into inorganic As, which easily forms arsine. The optimised parameters were the treatment time and the pH of the medium. The behaviour of four hydride-reactive As species [As(III), As(V), MMA, DMA], and AsB, i.e. a typical non-hydride-reactive As species, when subjected to UV irradiation was studied. UV irradiation at pH 1 lead to conversion of all species into As(V) with the exception of AsB and DMA. Conversions of DMA and AsB into As(V) at pH 11 in less than 30 min were observed under UV irradiation. The limit of detection of As (measured as As(V)) by hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry was 0.1 μg/L and the repeatability of the oxidation procedure was about 10%. The method was applied to determination of total and directly reducible As at 11 sampling points of the Galician Coast (Atlantic Ocean, Spain). Total As concentrations were in the range 1.4-4.8 μg/L. A significant As fraction, between 20 and 44%, depending on the sampling point, corresponded to non-reducible As which was converted by UV irradiation into hydride-reactive As. This fraction should represent the sum of DMA, which yields a low sensitivity in the continuous flow-AFS system, and the hidden As fraction.     

Total synthesis of dapiramicin B

The first total synthesis of dapiramicin B, a nucleoside antibiotic, is described. The characteristic N-glycoside linkage in dapiramicin B was effectively constructed by way of the Pd-catalyzed coupling reaction of a heptopyranosylamine with a bromopyrrolopyrimidine derivative.     

6291型热变形温度和维卡软化温度测试仪的校准及故障排除

介绍6291型热变形温度和维卡软化温度测试仪的温度校准和位移校准方法，对测试仪的一些常见故障，例如电源故障，主温度传感器故障，电加热系统控制单元故障及测试站的温度偏差较大等进行了分析，并给出了排除故障的方法。     

Synthesis of [13]-membered macrocyclic stevastelins via a transesterification reaction as the key step: total synthesis of stevastelin C3

A new synthesis of stevastelin C3 (3), a [13]-membered ring component of the stevastelin family, whose structure was recently revised, is reported. Initially, a macrolactonization approach was attempted to generate the [13]-membered macrolactone but this met with failure, so a translactonization reaction was tried to obtain the targeted stevastelin C3 (3) from the corresponding [15]-membered ring counterpart. Unfortunately, this strategy did not prove successful, and, consequently, we opted to undertake a transesterification reaction from 23, as a means to accommodate the requisite aminoacid moiety at the correct position, to obtain 24. From 24, and through intermediates 25-28, the acyclic precursor of the [13]-membered ring macrolactone, compound 30, was efficiently prepared. By utilizing the synthetic course developed by Chida, we took 30 forward and completed the total synthesis of stevastelin C3 (3).     

同步辐射白光全反射XRF在痕量元素检测的初步应用研究

叙述了同步辐射白光全反射Ｘ射线荧光分析的实验装置，给出了几种标准物质ＴＸＲＦ实验的检出限，并对实验结果进行了讨论。     

人工神经网络X射线荧光光谱法测定钢中酸溶铝

建立了一种人工神经网络-X射线荧光光谱法测定钢中酸溶铝的方法，用X射线荧光光谱法测定低合金钢中总铝值，应用所建立的ANN-BP网络模型，输入总铝含量直接预测出酸溶铝含量。同时使用改进的BP算法，避免了神经网络学习中可能产生的麻痹现象。该方法用于钢中酸溶铝的测定，结果满意。     

老龄化背景下城轨换乘站客流组织仿真分析

针对人口老龄化背景下的城轨换乘站客流组织问题,从影响因素分析出发,量化老年乘客生理特征对乘客行动力影响的外在表现,并运用社会力模型描述换乘站内行人运动。借助AnyLogic仿真软件,以重庆市某换乘站为实验对象构建地铁换乘站仿真模型。通过设计多场景仿真实验,结果发现老年乘客比例对站内客流速度、进站时间、换乘时间都有明显影响,尤其是在站内客流瓶颈处和高差变化处的影响更为明显。最后,对适老背景下城轨车站设计和运营提出针对性建议。     

秦淮河流域典型排涝泵站前池水质与降雨特征响应关系

为分析排涝泵站前池水质与降雨特征的响应关系,对南京市城区秦淮河沿线2个排涝泵站前池水质以及降水量开展高频在线自动监测,结合回归树方法分析了不同降雨强度、前期干旱时间条件下排涝泵站前池水质变化规律,探讨了不同类型排涝泵站前池水质的主要影响因素。结果表明:晴雨天均有生活污水汇入的A泵站前池氨氮质量浓度在大雨强下降低,中雨强下先升高后降低,小雨强下平缓上升,A泵站前池污染物质量浓度主要受降雨强度和次降水量影响;主要接收降雨径流,雨量大时有生活污水溢流汇入的B泵站,前池污染物质量浓度在大雨强下先升高后逐渐降低,中雨强下降低,小雨强下变化不大,B泵站前池水质主要受次降水量、前期干旱时间和降雨强度影响;2个泵站前池CODMn质量浓度变化与降雨的响应规律相似,但更多受到与前期干旱时间关联的地表径流冲刷作用影响;连续降雨均导致泵站前池氨氮质量浓度和CODMn质量浓度波动变化较大,而前期干旱时间越长,降雨发生后泵站前池水质越差。     

多沙水源取水泵站正向前池边壁型式及圆形进水池尺寸的确定

通过理论分析、模型试验和对现有多沙水源取水工程的调查,研究并给出了正向前池边壁的合理曲线型式和圆形进水池尺寸的确定方法。研究结果可应用于实际工程。