Photochemistry of β, γ-unsaturated ketones-V: The direct irradiation of some γ-phenyl β, γ-enones

The photochemistry of some members of the two series of γ-phenyl substituted acyclic β, γ-unsaturated ketones 1 and 2 upon direct irradiation with γ 310nm has been investigated, viz 1c–1h and 2b+2c.The alkyl substituted (E)-5-phenyl-4-penten-2-ones 1c–1h yield the corresponding 1,3-acyl shift products and (Z)-isomers, and 1g and 1h in addition two decarbonylated products. 2b only yields the (Z)-isomer and some benzaldehyde, but 2c yields the 1,3-acyl shift product, the ODPM product, three hydrocarbons formed by disproportionation of the allyl radical, and some benzaldehyde. The β-phenyl β, γ-UK 3a proved to be photostable. The 1,3-acyl shift products of 1c–1h result mainly from the singlet excited state in a cage radical process. The exclusive formation of the (E)-configuration of the 1,3-acyl shift product is explained in terms of conformational preference of the intermediate allyl radical. It is proposed that the formation of the (Z)-isomer proceeds from ¹T(π -π^*) which is populated according to

. Evidence is presented which supports the proposed mechanism.The β,γ-UK 2b containing a benzoyl moiety leads to a higher degree of (E)-(Z) isomerization than the corresponding 1d which has an acetyl moiety.The triplet energies of (E)- and (Z)-1h are 56 and ca 70 kcal/mol respectively.     

Molecular structure of carbonyl bromide as studied by gas electron diffraction

The molecular structure of COBr₂ has been determined as follows by an analysis of electron diffraction intensity: r_g(CO) = 1.178 ± 0.009 Å, r_g(C-Br) = 1.923 ± 0.005 Å and θ°_α(Br-C-Br) = 112.3 ± 0.4°. The uncertainties represent estimated limits of error. The observed systematic trends in the bond lengths and bond angles in carbonyl and thiocarbonyl halides are discussed.     

α-Tetralone glycosides from the green walnut husks of Juglans mandshurica Maxim. and their cytotoxic activities

Abstract

Five new α-tetralone glycosides, juglanbiosides A-E (1–5), together with an α-tetralone derivative (15) and nine known 1,4-naphthoquinones (6–14) were isolated from the 95% EtOH extract of green walnut husks of Juglans mandshurica Maxim. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic methods (¹H, ¹³C NMR, DEPT, HSQC, HMBC, CD, HR-ESI-MS). In vitro cytotoxicities of all the isolated compounds were evaluated against BGC-823, HCT-15 and K562 cancer cell lines.

     

An investigation of glasses for capillary chromatography

An investigation was conducted of various glasses, other than soda lime or borosilicate, for use in glass capillary gas chromatography. The work has uncovered some unique chromatographic qualities in the use of potash soda lead and fused silica glasses as materials for making glass capillary columns. The fused silica proved to be an ideal material for capillary column construction, being inherently more inert than glass containing metal oxides. It has been shown that through the use of thin wall capillary tubing of high flexibility many of the mechanical problems associated with glass capillary columns, such as fragility and column straightening, can be avoided.     

清末政治制度的转型

鸦片战争以后，西方列强的侵略不仅使满清王朝颜面扫地，也动摇了中国传统政治制度的威信，打乱了它固有的发展轨迹。在外来政治制度的影响下，中国传统政治制度开始了向现代转型。这一转型大致经历了三个阶段：即洋务运动时期传统政治制度的动摇、戊戌变法时期西方政治制度的宣传、清末新政时期新式政治制度的起步三个阶段。尽管这一转型才刚刚开始，取得的成效也极为有限，但对其后中国政治制度的现代化却产生了极为重要的影响。     

三维解读王尔德的《夜莺与玫瑰》

19世纪末英国唯美主义作家奥斯卡.王尔德是个备受争议的人物,但他早期的童话作品却得到了一致的好评。《夜莺与玫瑰》以其深刻的主题、纯美的意象、诗化的语言和戏剧化的情节使它具有丰富的文学内涵;其作品的艺术美、精神至美和美文思想又使它具有极高的审美价值;同时,他对生死和人生的哲理思考也在作品中有深刻的反映。所以,只有从文学、美学和哲学的三维视角才能比较全面地解读王尔德及其作品。     

高职教育中制图"两课"教学改革初探

为贯彻落实“职业教育就是就业教育”的职教新理念，在职业学校毕业生中实行“双证制”，结合《制图员国家职业标准》对《工程制图》课和《计算机绘图》课在课程结构、教学内容、教学重点等方面的教学改革提出探索意见，是高职教育实施就业导向教育的客观需要。     

游走于都市与乡村之间--论京派小说的还乡叙事

京派小说还乡的情节类型，即归来的模式与归来——离去的模式，这种情节模式蕴涵着反思启蒙理性的文化诗学内涵以及京派作家徘徊于都市与乡村的文化心态，进而总结其对现代小说美学的意义与贡献。     

中药川芎应用与提取工艺的发展研究

介绍了川芎的化学成分,主要药理作用为:缓解中枢神经系统、解痉、抗自由基、抑制血小板聚集、抗癌。此外,还综述了川芎挥发油,川芎嗪、阿魏酚的提取工艺,并指出今后其发展的主要方向。     

培养复合型体育人才是实施《标准》的需要

体育教学是实现学校体育目的任务的基本途径,其实施过程及其效果与多种因素相关,该文通过对《标准》的学习、理解和应用,根据系统原理,从教育理论,教学方法等方面论述了建立一支新型的高素质体育教师队伍的时代要求和现实意义.