低温真空冷冻干燥室内温度特性的研究

真空冷冻干燥设备广泛应用于药品、食品等的干燥领域,该干燥方式能避免药品、微生物等产生变性或失去生物活力,但是能耗较大,且干燥室内的温度在真空条件下,比较难于控制。文中从三个方面对其温度特性进行了实验研究:真空度对温度特性的影响;板面温度对于冻干瓶内温度控制的影响;保护气对于冻干瓶内温度控制的影响。     

土壤源热泵系统冷凝热回收的优化研究

文中提出了一种土壤源热泵冷凝热回收系统,能够减少冬夏两季土壤源热泵系统从土壤冷热源排放吸收热量不均对土壤温度场所造成的影响,并结合火用平衡方程建立了土壤源热泵系统冷凝热回收的优化模型。基于此模型,探讨了系统冷凝器和地下埋管的优化配置,通过模拟计算对该系统在制冷工况下改进前后的运行情况进行了分析对比,结果显示土壤源冷凝热回收系统应用于实际工程能够提高整个系统的COP以及火用效率。     

毛细管内薄液膜轮廓和传热特性研究

本文认为毛细管的相变传热机理为液膜的导热和表面蒸发;表面蒸发受蒸汽温度、汽液界面的温度以及汽液压力差的共同控制。汽液流动机理为流动受脱离压力梯度、毛细力梯度支配。汽液相互作用机理为存在由于蒸发导致的动量转移切应力和由于汽液流速不同产生的摩擦切应力。提出的物理模型中较为全面地考虑了毛细管内传热、汽液流动及其相互作用。对毛细管半径和传热功率对薄液膜轮廓和传热特性影响程度的计算结果表明,随着毛细管半径的减小、传热功率的增大,蒸发界面区的长度会有所减小,这是针对微小空间得出的不同于常规情况的结论。     

The fabrication of superhydrophobic copper films by a low-pressure-oxidation method

The lotus-leaf-like superhydrophobic copper was fabricated by a facile two-step method without the chemical modification, on which the water contact angle can reach 158° and the water-sliding angle is less than 10°. Reversible superhydrophobicity to superhydrophilicity transition was observed and controlled by alternation of UV irradiation and dark storage. More interestingly, the superhydrophobic surface exhibits superoleophilicity and all those properties can be well used in reversible switch, separating the water and oil and so on.     

Normalized LMS digital filter for chromatic dispersion equalization in 112-Gbit/s PDM-QPSK coherent optical transmission system

High bit rates optical communication systems pose the challenge of their tolerance to linear and non-linear fiber impairments. Coherent optical receivers using digital signal processing techniques can mitigate the fiber impairments in the optical transmission system, including the chromatic dispersion equalization with digital filters. In this paper, an adaptive finite impulse response filter employing normalized least mean square algorithm is developed for compensating the chromatic dispersion in a 112-Gbit/s polarization division multiplexed quadrature phase shift keying coherent communication system, which is established in the VPI simulation platform. The principle of the adaptive normalized least mean square algorithm for signal equalization is analyzed theoretically, and at the meanwhile, the taps number and the tap weights in the adaptive finite impulse response filter for compensating a certain fiber chromatic dispersion are also investigated by numerical simulation. The chromatic dispersion compensation performance of the adaptive filter is analyzed by evaluating the behavior of the bit-error-rate versus the optical signal-to-noise ratio, and the compensation results are also compared with other present digital filters.     

Blocking probability analysis of survivable routing in WDM optical networks with/without sparse-wavelength conversion

In this paper, a new algorithm for wavelength assignment has been proposed and its performance is evaluated in terms of blocking probability and fairness. It has been shown that the proposed algorithm offers the least blocking probability. The blocking performance of wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) network has been analyzed for the network having 10 nodes and for varying loads. As the load per link (in Erlangs) increases, the blocking probability increases. The result shows that the performance of first-fit algorithm is better than random algorithm whereas the proposed algorithm offers the least blocking.     

基于分时原理的多相流体比例分配方法

提出了从“时间”上对多相流进行分配的新思路,分析了分时分配的基本原理,并设计了具体的实现方式。在空气-水实验回路上对分时分配装置进行了实验研究和验证。分时分配的基本原理就是通过“分时”的方法,使整个分配器“空间”内的多相流都能按照给定的时间份额周期性地交替流向对应的支路,从而保证各支路内的多相流具有高度一致的相含量和确定的流量比例。实验研究证明,分时分配法具有切实的可行性,分流比等于分时比且与流量和流体的物性无关,仅取决于分配器的几何参数。     

单面加热矩形通道热入口段层流对流换热特性的场协同分析

对单面加热矩形通道热入口段的层流对流换热问题进行了数值模拟研究,给出了不同截面比的局部努赛尔数。推导出单面加热时的场协同方程,以此分析了不同截面比下加热边界条件对努赛尔数的影响规律。     

不同层显式格式及在微尺度热传导中的应用

基于指数拟合和牛顿插值多项式构造了用于数值计算偏微分方程的不同层显式格式,应用不同层显式格式可获得不同精度的数值计算结果,并将该算法应用于微结构热传导方程和薄膜强瞬态热传导方程中．     

膜厚监控系统的光谱宽度对窄带滤光片性能的影响

讨论了膜厚监控系统的光谱宽度对波分复用窄带滤光片特性的影响,分析了监控过程中所出现的信号异常现象,其主要原因是控制光光谱宽度以及控制波长与滤光片中心波长不一致,所以控制光光谱分辨率必须小于单个法布里-珀罗滤光片最后2层膜折转点波长宽度的一半,即对100GHz的滤光片,监控系统的光谱宽度必须小于0．2nm。一旦产生中心波长偏离,就必定产生厚度控制误差。讨论了高折射率膜和低折射率膜的信号变化规律,发现当中心波长比监控波长长时,虽然信号变化规律正确,但判读到极值时的膜厚变薄。中心波长偏离越长,厚度将越薄。而当中心波长比监控波长短时,信号将出现反转。中心波长越短,反转量越大。最后指出了监控误差对滤光片Tmax和半峰全宽的影响。