凝胶过滤色谱-串联质谱法测定纺织品中的烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚

建立了纺织品中烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚的凝胶过滤色谱-串联质谱(GFC-MS/MS)分析方法。纺织品样品采用加速溶剂萃取法,以无水乙醇为提取溶剂进行提取,提取液经Sep-Pak Carbon/NH2石墨化碳黑/氨基复合型固相萃取柱净化。烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚经Shodex MSpak GF-310 2D色谱柱(150×2.0 mm)分离后,在多反应监测(MRM)模式下进行串联质谱定性及定量分析。方法对壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚(NPnEO)和辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚(OPnEO)的定量限均为0.2 mg/kg,在0.2～5 mg/kg的3个添加水平范围内,NPnEO的平均回收率为84.2%～93.5%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.9%～7.5%;OPnEO的平均回收率为85.5%～96.1%,RSD为3.4%～8.1%。该方法能够满足纺织品中烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚的检测要求。     

分光光度法快速测定纺织品中的三氯生

以二氯甲烷为提取溶剂,超声提取纺织品中的三氯生,然后在282nm波长下测定提取液的吸光度,建立了一种测定纺织品中三氯生的分光光度法,并对方法的线性关系、精密度、回收率、检出限等进行了研究.三氯生浓度在0.2-80mg/L范围内呈良好线性关系,线性相关系数为0.9998,回收率为91.15%-103.51%,相对标准偏差...     

提升我国纺织品环境竞争力的探讨

纺织品国际竞争力除了价格和传统非价格因素外，还有一个很重要的因素即环境竞争力。针对日益增长的国外技术壁垒，提出了增强我国纺织品环境竞争力的对策。     

In-situ detection of single particles of explosive on clothing with confocal Raman microscopy

Confocal Raman microscopy is shown to detect picogram quantities of explosives in-situ on undyed natural and synthetic fibres, and coloured textile specimens leaving potentially evidential materials unaltered. Raman spectra were obtained from pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN), trinitrotoluene (TNT), and ammonium nitrate particles trapped between the fibres of the specimens. Despite the presence of spectral bands arising from the natural and synthetic polymers and dyed textiles, the explosive substances could be identified by their characteristic Raman bands. Furthermore, Raman spectra were obtained from explosives particles trapped between highly fluorescent clothing fibres. Raman spectra were collected from explosives particles with maximum dimensions in the range 5-10 μm. Spectra of the explosives on dyed and undyed clothing substrates were readily obtained in-situ within 90 s and without sample preparation.     

高效液相色谱-质谱联用法测定纺织品中的含氯苯酚

建立了高效液相色谱-质谱联用法检测纺织品中五氯苯酚(PCP)、四氯苯酚(TeCP)。选用ZORBAX XDB-C18柱(50 mm×2.1 mm,3.5μm)为分析柱,流动相为V(甲醇)∶V(纯水)=88∶12,流速为200μL/min;质谱条件选用气动辅助电喷雾离子源(ESI),检测方式为负离子多离子反应检测(MRM);PCP、TeCP标准曲线线性范围均为0.1~100μg/L;回收率为90%~99%;相对标准偏差为3.5%~7.6%(n=5);方法检测低限为5μg/kg。方法适用于纺织品中PCP、TeCP的测定。     

Investigation of natural dyes occurring in historical Coptic textiles by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV-Vis and mass spectrometric detection

Liquid chromatography (LC) combined with ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) and mass spectrometric (MS) detection was utilized to study the chemical components present in extracts of natural dyes originating from fiber samples obtained from Coptic textiles from Early Christian Art Collection of National Museum in Warsaw. Chromatographic retention, ionization, UV-Vis and mass spectra of twenty selected dye compounds of flavanoid-, anthraquinone- and indigo-types were studied. Most of the investigated compounds could be ionized by positive and negative ion electrospray ionization. Difficulties with the ionization by electrospray were experienced for indigotin and brominated indigotins, but these were ionized by atmospheric pressure chemical ionization. Mass spectrometric detection, utilizing different scanning modes of a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer, combined with the UV-Vis detection was demonstrated to be a powerful approach to detection and identification of dyes in the extracts of archeological textiles. Using this approach the following compounds were identified in the extracts of Coptic textiles: luteolin, apigenin, rhamnetin, kaempferol, alizarin, purpurin, xanthopurpurin, monochloroalizarin, indirubin, and so the type of dye that was utilized to dye the textiles could be identified. Detection capabilities for several dye-type analytes were compared for the UV-Vis and mass spectrometric detection. The signal-to-noise ratios obtained for luteolin, apigenin, and rhamnetin were higher for the MS detection for most of the examined sample extracts. Purpurin, alizarin, and indirubin showed similar signal-to-noise ratios for UV-Vis and mass spectrometric detection.     

液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定纺织品和食品包装材料中的壬基酚、辛基酚和双酚A

建立了纺织品和食品包装材料中壬基酚、辛基酚和双酚A的液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法。不同类型的纺织品和食品包装材料样品采用加速溶剂萃取法,以无水乙醇为提取剂,在10.3 MPa和120℃下静态循环提取2次,提取液经Supelclean Envi-Carb石墨化碳黑固相萃取柱净化,收集甲醇-二氯甲烷(1∶4,V/V)洗脱液,采用Waters XBridge C18色谱柱,以甲醇-0.1%氨水溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱分离后,在LC/MS/MS多反应监测模式下进行定性与定量分析。壬基酚、辛基酚和双酚A的方法检出限为0.5μg/kg,在0.5～10μg/kg的3个添加水平范围内,纺织品样品的平均回收率为86.9%～92.5%,相对标准偏差均小于9.1%;食品包装材料样品的平均回收率为87.8%～93.0%,相对标准偏差均小于8.8%。本方法准确、快速、灵敏度高,可用于纺织品和食品包装材料的实际检验。     

高效液相色谱-核磁共振光谱法测定纺织品及纺织助剂中烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚

建立了高效液相色谱-核磁共振光谱法测定纺织品及纺织助剂中烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚(APEO)的方法。用色谱保留时间及核磁共振光谱定性,色谱外标法定量,流动相为甲醇-乙酸铵溶液,紫外检测器检测波长为277 nm,APEO的质量浓度在5~250 mg.L-1范围内,浓度与峰面积呈线性关系,相关系数为0.992 8;保留时间的相对标准偏差小于0.21%,峰面积的相对标准偏差小于3.69%,回收率在91%~98%之间。纺织品中检测下限可达到1.0 mg.kg-1。该法已用于纺织品及纺织助剂的进出口检验。     

Giant persistent antimicrobial and biocompatible polyester fabrics for anti-mold food packaging

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers have been the most popular fabrics owing to their superior performances. However, PET fabrics generally wear uncomfortably because of their poor sweat absorbing ability, electrostatic charge accumulation, and unfavorable microorganisms. To endow PET fabrics with perdurable antimicrobial and antistatic properties by conventional methods is unachievable owing to the absence of reactive groups. Herein, we developed a one-step facile strategy for preparing antimicrobial PET fabrics via photochemical reaction using benzophenone terminated Gemini quaternary ammonium salt (GQAS) and Gemini betaine as the antimicrobial finishing reagents. The antimicrobial rate of GQAS finished PET fabrics and GQAS/Gemini betaine finished PET fabrics were greater than 91% against both the gram-negative Escherichia coli and the gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus after 50 laundering cycles, which were significantly better than usual antimicrobial fabrics. In addition, the antimicrobial PET fabrics showed prominently enhanced hydrophilic, antistatic and long-lasting antimicrobial properties, as well as negligible toxicity. Most importantly, this work proposes a universal and efficient strategy for the development of permanent antimicrobial and antistatic synthetic polymers without compromising their superiority those have great potential for industrial and healthcare applications, including but not limited to food packaging, clothes and medical appliances to prevent infectious diseases and mildew.     

气固顶空-气相色谱法测定纺织品中N,N-二甲基甲酰胺与N,N-二甲基乙酰胺

采用气固顶空-气相色谱法同时测定纺织品中N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)和N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAC)的残留量。样品经剪碎后,称取0.5g,在120℃顶空温度下加热30min,顶空气体采用CAM色谱柱分离,以氮磷检测器(NPD)进行检测。以基体匹配校正法消除基质效应,外标法定量。DMF、DMAC的质量在0.2~400μg范围内与峰面积呈线性关系,检出限均为0.1μg·g-1。两种物质的加标回收率在88.4%~95.3%之间,相对标准偏差(n=6)在2.4%~3.5%之间。