热红联用研究高硫铝土矿的氧化焙烧

脱硫是高硫铝土矿资源综合利用的前提,开展高硫铝土矿焙烧反应特征研究是焙烧脱硫技术开发的基础。对含硫量为4.32%的贵州高硫铝土矿开展热分析和傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱分析联用试验,采用TG,DTG,DSC和FTIR联用方法,综合分析、研究了高硫铝土矿在氧化焙烧过程中发生反应的种类、反应历程和主要特征,并讨论了悬浮态脱硫新工艺的开发。采用一种改进的红外光谱分析方法,从混合气体产物的红外吸收光谱中分离出气体组分的流量特征,从而将高硫铝土矿的脱水和脱硫过程分离并进行分析。结果表明,主要反应是一水硬铝石脱水、黄铁矿氧化脱硫和方解石分解,释放的气体产物分别是H₂O(g),SO₂和CO₂。一水硬铝石脱水为单步反应,温度范围为380~580 ℃,黄铁矿脱硫为两步反应,温度范围为388.0~574 ℃,方解石的分解的温度范围是700~860 ℃。高硫铝土矿脱硫的放热能够直接补偿脱水的吸热,悬浮态脱硫适宜的操作温度为580~650 ℃。研究结果为高硫铝土矿悬浮态脱硫技术开发提供基础数据参考。     

铝土矿尾矿制备聚合氯化铝的浸出试验研究

以铝土矿尾矿焙烧浸出制备聚合氯化铝研究中,借助热重差示扫描仪和X射线衍射仪,确定铝土矿尾矿焙烧的温度范围。通过单因素条件实验,确定最佳焙烧条件为:焙烧温度750℃,焙烧时间1 h;最佳盐酸浸出的条件为:盐酸浓度质量百分浓度为20%,搅拌温度为100℃,搅拌浸出时间为2.5 h。采用铝土矿尾矿制备聚合氯化铝,可以减少选矿成本和提高选矿附加值,综合兼顾环境保护与经济利益。     

高硫铝土矿浮选除硫药剂的选择

考察了十二烷基磺酸钠、乙黄药、乙硫氮、丁黄药和异丁黄药5种浮选剂对高硫铝土矿浮选除硫性能的影响,着重考察了浮选剂用量、浮选时间、浮选矿浆液固质量比、pH值及矿石粒度对浮选除硫率和氧化铝回收率的影响.研究表明,十二烷基磺酸钠不具备浮选除硫的能力;乙黄药和乙硫氮具有一定的浮选除硫能力;丁黄药和异丁黄药浮选除硫的能力很强,较适合用于铝土矿浮选除硫的工业化生产.丁黄药和异丁黄药一步精选开路实验表明,异丁黄药具有较高的选择性,丁黄药具有较强的捕收能力.     

对苯二甲酸钠对赤泥沉降过程的影响

研究了铝土矿中的有机物对苯二甲酸钠对赤泥沉降性能的影响,考察了对苯二甲酸钠不同浓度条件下对赤泥沉降速度、溢流浮游物含量和底流压缩液固比的影响,同时考察了加入絮凝剂消除对苯二甲酸钠负面作用的条件.结果表明,对苯二甲酸钠和絮凝剂的浓度是影响赤泥沉降速度、溢流浮游物含量和底流压缩液固比的重要因素.对苯二甲酸钠对赤泥沉降速度的不利影响可被4种絮凝剂中的任何一种消除,其中A-600的作用最好;当对苯二甲酸钠质量浓度低于3.58 g/L时,4种絮凝剂可消除其对赤泥压缩比的影响.     

一水硬铝石矿-氢氧化钠体系微波焙烧相变规律

以饱和氢氧化钠溶液为添加剂,利用微波加热对一水硬铝石矿进行焙烧处理. 考察微波焙烧温度和氢氧化钠添加量对一水硬铝石矿-氢氧化钠体系相变规律的影响,并对微波加热和常规加热得出的焙烧产物做物相结构的比较. 利用X射线衍射分析和扫描电子显微镜技术对熟料的物相结构和微观形貌进行分析. 结果表明微波加热促进氢氧化钠快速并充分的与一水硬铝石矿反应. 与常规加热相比,微波加热在更低的温度下能生成更多铝酸钠物相. 微波加热后的熟料疏松多孔,有利于后续溶出处理.     

马尾山铝土矿床地质特征

通过对马尾山铝士矿区初步普查工作,共求获铝土矿资源量65.77万吨,同时在矿区内还共生有粘土矿产可综合利用.从成矿条件分析,马尾山铝士矿区早二叠世梁山期为滨岸沼泽相环境,具铝土质泥质相沉积特征.因此,在马尾山铝士矿区西南部的二仙崖一带、咸丰西南部的赶场溪一带和咸丰西部的龙家盖一带,成矿条件较好,资源潜力较大,应进一步开展铝土矿的矿产勘查工作.     

Special Features of Chemical and Mineralogical Composition and Technological Properties of High-ferriferous Wocheinite

This paper presents the comprehensive study findings of the high-ferriferous wocheinite (a bauxite variety) of Timan deposit to evaluate the possibility of its application in the aluminosilicate ceramics production. The study was carried out by chemical, X-ray phase and thermal analysis on two samples before and after calcination. According to the obtained data, investigated material is of practical interest as a hardening and mineralizing additive to produce high-strength aluminosilicate ceramics. The strength improving ceramic structures, based on clay and bauxite raw materials mixture, is possible due to the binding of silica, which is released from the structure of kaolinite by aluminum oxide as a product of boehmite and hydrargillite dehydration to the secondary mullite.     

浅谈山西省古县金堆铝土矿区北矿段地质特征

分析了古县金堆铝土矿的矿体形态及规模、矿石品位、矿石自然类型、矿石资源量等,从地层构造、矿体地质特征、矿床成因、矿床开采技术条件等方面探讨了古县金堆铝土矿的成矿环境、矿体特征及工业意义。     

An improved implementable process for the synthesis of zeolite 4A from bauxite tailings and its Cr<Superscript>3+</Superscript> removal capacity

A simple and practical method for the synthesis of zeolite 4A from bauxite tailings is presented in this paper. Systematic investigations were carried out regarding the capacity of zeolite 4A to remove Cr(Ⅲ) from aqueous solutions with relatively low initial concentrations of Cr(Ⅲ) (5–100 mg·L-1). It is found that the new method is extremely cost-effective and can significantly contribute in decreasing environmental pollution caused by the dumping of bauxite tailings. The Cr(Ⅲ) removal capacity highly depends on the initial pH value and concentration of Cr(Ⅲ) in the solution. The maximum removal capacity of Cr(Ⅲ) was evaluated to be 85.1 mg·g-1 for zeolite 4A, measured at an initial pH value of 4 and an initial Cr(Ⅲ) concentration of 5 mg·L-1. This approach enables a higher removal capacity at lower concentrations of Cr(Ⅲ), which is a clear advantage over the chemical precipitation method. The removal mechanism of Cr(Ⅲ) by zeolite 4A was examined. The results suggest that both ion exchange and the surface adsorption-crystallization reaction are critical steps. These two steps collectively resulted in the high removal capacity of zeolite 4A to remove Cr(Ⅲ).     

One step sintering of homogenized bauxite raw material and kinetic study

A one-step sintering process of bauxite raw material from direct mining was completed, and the kinetics of this process was analyzed thoroughly. The results show that the sintering kinetics of bauxite raw material exhibits the liquid-phase sintering behavior. A small portion of impurities existed in the raw material act as a liquid phase. After X-ray diffraction analyses, scanning electron microscopy observations, and kinetics calculations, sintering temperature and heating duration were determined as the two major factors contributing to the sintering process and densification of bauxite ore. An elevated heating temperature and longer duration favor the densification process. The major obstacle for the densification of bauxite material is attributed to the formation of the enclosed blowhole during liquid-phase sintering.