基于贝叶斯判别器的面部检测

 提出了1种基于PCA(主成分分析)的贝叶斯判别器用于检测灰度面部图像.为检测面部图像,首先用PCA减低训练图像的维数以为判别器提供教好的图像描述.训练图像包括面部图像和非面部图像并给出正确标识,用EM算法学习图像的特征向量.在构建好学习模型后,用贝叶斯后验概率检测未知样本.模型参数估计和判别原则都是基于最大似然度.在估计了概率密度函数后,贝叶斯判别器可产生最小的误差,为分类的教优准则.本方法用2356副面部图像和3780非面部图像作为学习样本,学习过程获取面部图像与非面部图像的差异而构建判别模型.训练图像包括不同位置,不同表情,不同亮度条件的同一对象图像.训练模型用于检测205副面部图像,实验结果在文章第4部分给出.     

模糊主分量分类器

W.J.Hu提出的主分量分类器(PCC)通过最大化两类样本在分类面法方向上的投影代数和,实现样本分类.PCC是基于样本的统计平均特性,所以少量的野值对分类面方向的确定影响较小,而SVM对野值较为敏感.PCC与支持向量机相比具有较好的鲁棒性.但是PCC对野值的处理等同于其他样本,尽管有效果,但仍会影响分类面的求取,同时也缺乏直观上(或物理上)的解释,而且没有考虑随机噪声对分类面的影响.鉴于此,在PCC的基础上进行改进,引入模糊思想,设计了一组模糊型的主分量分类器,进一步弱化野值和随机噪声对分类面的影响.人工数据集和Beachmark数据集上的实验证明了新分类器的有效性.     

涡流空气分级机分级功能区研究

从理论上分析了涡流空气分级机的分级过程,在此基础上把涡流空气分级机内部分为主要分散区、分散分离区、第二分离区、辅助分离区、阻力区五个功能区,讨论了各功能区在分级过程中的作用,用物料试验证明了作者的分区正确.在此基础上改进了主要分散区、分散分离区、第二分离区三个功能区,得到更好的分级效果;这将对理解和改进涡流空气分级机分级性能进而开发出性能更好的涡流空气分级机具有指导作用.     

A detection strategy of multi-pose face in compressed domain

In this paper, we present a strategy to implement multi pose face detection in compressed domain. The strategy extracts firstly feature vectors from DCT domain, and then uses a boosting algorithm to build classifiers to distinguish faces and non-faces. Moreover. to get more accurate results of the face detection, we present a kernel function and a linear combination to build incrementally the strong classifiers based on the weak classifiers. Through comparing and analyzing results of some experiments on the synthetic data and the natural data, we can get more satisfied results by the strong classifiers than by the weak classifies.     

On low order moments of the homodyned-K distribution

Fractional low order moments have been reported as beneficial for sampling computations using the K distribution. However, it has been recently pointed out that this it not the case for the homodyned-K distribution for a tissue discrimination problem. In this paper we show that such an statement is not fully justified. To that end, we follow a standard pattern recognition procedure both to determine class separability measures and to classify data with several classifiers. We conclude that the optimum order of the moments is intimately linked to the specific statistical properties of the tissues to be discriminated. Some ideas on how to choose the optimum order are discussed.     

基于激光雷达数据SVM分类的室内环境识别研究

语义地图构建对移动机器人导航与规划具有重要意义，而环境分类是语义地图构建的核心问题。目前所采用的环境分类方法匹配率较低，已成为语义地图构建所面临的主要问题。对此笔者提出了一种基于支持向量机的分类方法，该方法利用激光雷达数据提取环境几何特征，训练SVM分类器对机器人工作空间模式进行识别，并将所提算法用于室内环境的语义分类。实验结果表明，该分类方法具有较高的识别率，可有效地实现语义地图构建。     

A Review on Machine Learning Approaches for Network Malicious Behavior Detection in Emerging Technologies

Network anomaly detection systems (NADSs) play a significant role in every network defense system as they detect and prevent malicious activities. Therefore, this paper offers an exhaustive overview of different aspects of anomaly-based network intrusion detection systems (NIDSs). Additionally, contemporary malicious activities in network systems and the important properties of intrusion detection systems are discussed as well. The present survey explains important phases of NADSs, such as pre-processing, feature extraction and malicious behavior detection and recognition. In addition, with regard to the detection and recognition phase, recent machine learning approaches including supervised, unsupervised, new deep and ensemble learning techniques have been comprehensively discussed; moreover, some details about currently available benchmark datasets for training and evaluating machine learning techniques are provided by the researchers. In the end, potential challenges together with some future directions for machine learning-based NADSs are specified.     

采空区危险性的支持向量机识别

针对采空区危险性影响因素与其危险性等级之间存在着复杂非线性关系的特点,笔者提出采用支持向量机最优分类理论来识别采空区的危险性等级。研究选取岩体结构、地质构造、岩石抗压强度、弹性模量、采空区形状、矿体倾角、高跨比、空区体积等8个参数作为主要影响因素,根据支持向量机理论,提出了1-V-1的采空区分类算法,并在Matlab中编程,建立了分类预测的SVM模型。以某矿山的实测采空区为例,利用该模型进行了识别,并与BP神经网络预测结果作对比。实例研究表明,采用该方法的分类结果比神经网络更准确,与采空区调查结果一致性好,用支持向量机理论进行采空区危险性评价是可行的。     

基于危险理论的无线传感器网络入侵检测的一种新模型

针对传感器节点的内存不足,电池能量有限使得无线传感器网络面临很严峻的安全挑战,提出了一种新式的基于危险理论的无线传感器网络入侵检测系统,它使用了通过K最邻近分类器产生的危险信号。实验结果显示这种系统是无线传感器网络的一种新的理想模型。     

Acoustic detection and classification of river boats

We present a robust algorithm to detect the arrival of a boat of a certain type when other background noises are present. It is done via the analysis of its acoustic signature against an existing database of recorded and processed acoustic signals. We characterize the signals by the distribution of their energies among blocks of wavelet packet coefficients. To derive the acoustic signature of the boat of interest, we use the Best Discriminant Basis method. The decision is made by combining the answers from the Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) classifier and from the Classification and Regression Trees (CART) that is also accompanied with an additional unit, called Aisles, that reduces false alarms rate. The proposed algorithm is a generic solution for process control that is based on a learning phase (training) followed by an automatic real time detection while minimizing the false alarms rate.