试论前瞻认识论的若干问题——从可持续发展战略谈起

当今世界随着可持续发展战略的提出和实施 ,赋予世界观多向度的挑战和启迪 ,需要人们作出新的探讨和研究。本文侧重从认识的角度谈可持续发展战略对传统的认识论提出的挑战以及解决的方法     

国家精品课程资源共享与地方高校的课程开发

课程开发主要包括课程规划、课程实施、课程评价与调整三个阶段方案的研制，它是高校教师必须具备的基本技能。国家精品课程资源共享的有效途径是国家精品课程的校本化，课程开发是实现国家精品课程校本化的重要手段。     

提升公共部门领导力途径新探

公共部门的领导者应该具备面向未来管理的技能和前瞻性的思考能力、促进社会全面发展的发展力、创建和谐社会的协调力、破解难题和创造新优势的创新力、严格和依法执政的执行力以及紧密团结干部和人民群众的凝聚力,并不断提升领导者公共服务能力、危机管理的能力、非权力性的影响力。     

基于动态渗透的雨水塘下渗设计及运行方法

针对上海世博城市最佳实践区北区的不透水景观水塘下渗改造,开展了雨水滞留下渗现场试验研究.改造前的试验表明,雨水下渗速率与雨水塘-地下水水位差呈线性关系;在改造后的雨水塘内开展试验,进一步验证了该结论,并确定了动态下渗速率.因此,提高塘内动态水位促进雨水下渗,有助于实现园区17.6mm雨水径流在3d内被下渗利用,达到国际绿色社区认证体系(LEED-ND)的铂金认证要求.     

天山天池景区地质灾害防治与生态环境保护关键技术研究及应用

天山天池景区地处中亚山地,地震活跃,冰川退缩显著,过度放牧突出,地质灾害与生态灾害发育。据研究发现,泥石流淤积天池每年达7.3万m3以上,若任凭其淤积天池寿命仅余400年,极端条件下缩短为80年。然而,泥石流是否还会发生,泥石流规模如何,如何处置等一直是困扰当地政府的难题。为此,中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所开展了天山天池景区地质灾害防治与生态环境保护关键技术研究项目,通过长达11年的持续攻关,项目组发现了泥石流由地震、过度放牧与极端气候控制并还会发生。针对泥石流属低频稀性冰川暴雨型的性质,项目组采用"固拦排清"的方式防治泥石流,采用生态移民和坡降调整及国家咨询决策防治区域生态灾害,不仅解决了景区地质灾害与生态灾害综合防治难题,实现了拦沙减沙、流域生态植被与谷地森林的示范性恢复,还产生了巨大的经济社会与生态环境效益。这一研究成果已在一些地区得到了推广应用,效果显著。     

Sulfated choline ionic liquid-catalyzed acetamide synthesis by grindstone method

Sulfated choline ionic liquid (SCIL) has been found to be an efficient solid acid IL catalyst for the protection of amine groups with acetic anhydride under solvent-free grindstone conditions. The attractive features of this new catalytic methodology include its sustainability, facile work-up procedure, economic viability, and biodegradability. The SCIL catalyst was characterized using infrared spectroscopy, wide-angle X-ray scattering analysis, and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The catalyst could be reused six times without significant loss in activity. Furthermore, no chromatographic separations were needed to obtain the desired products.     

Solvent- and metal-free selective oxidation of thiols to disulfides using I2/DMSO catalytic system

We describe herein a simple, fast and inexpensive protocol for the oxidative coupling of thiols employing a stoichiometric amount of DMSO and iodine as the catalyst. Various aromatic disulfides were obtained in good to excellent yields in short reaction times at room temperature, while aliphatic disulfides were achieved in good yields when the reactions were conducted under microwave irradiation.     

Life cycle assessment and sustainability analysis of products, materials and technologies. Toward a scientific framework for sustainability life cycle analysis

There are many approaches to study the environmental and sustainability aspects of production and consumption. Some of these reside at the level of concepts, e.g., industrial ecology, design for environment, and cleaner production. Other approaches are based on the use of quantitative models, e.g., life cycle assessment, material flow accounting and strategic environmental assessment. This paper focuses on the development of a framework that is able to incorporate different models for environmental analysis, with the option of a broader scope that also includes economic and social aspects, thus covering the three pillars of sustainability. This framework builds on the ISO-framework for life cycle assessment, but takes a broader view, and allows us to move from micro questions on specific products, via meso questions on life styles up to macro questions in which the entire societal structure is part of the analysis.     

新疆旅游资源的可持续开发分析

通过对新疆旅游资源类型、特征的分析、归纳，应用旅游目的地生命周期理论，对不同成因、不同类型的旅游产品（资源）的生命力进行了分析．总结出自然环境、人工建筑、人造景观、特殊活动等不同旅游产品（资源）在旅游目的地生命周期中具有不同的生命力曲线分布．得出：新疆旅游资源的可持续开发，现阶段必须以政府主导开发，资源的规划、开发除因地制宜外，要从旅游资源的成因类型特征上进行合理配置，开发是为了保护，保护重于开发．准确地把握旅游产业发展过程中人与自然的关系，达到人与自然的和谐发展．     

论小学教师的素质与培养

中小学教师的素质与培养，是贯彻党的教育方针，全面提高教育质量，实施素质教育最关键的因素。