阶跃光激励的光热光偏转实验系统及实验结果分析

根据光热光偏转技术原理,设计了一套阶跃光激励的光热光偏转实验系统,并利用该实验系统研究了光热光偏转信号与激励光功率的关系;探索了实验条件和样品热学参数对光热光偏转信号的影响,获得了信号随探测光距样品表面的距离以及样品热扩散率的变化规律。     

Search for adsorption potential energy minima of NO on Pt(9 9 7) at 11 K

We observed four kinds of adsorbed NO molecules on Pt(9 9 7) at 11 K using infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRAS). The peaks at 1690, 1484 and 1615 cm⁻¹ are assigned to the N-O stretching modes of the on-top site and the hollow site on the terrace and the bridge site at the step, respectively. The 1385 cm⁻¹ peak is observed below ∼70 K. We assign the 1385 cm⁻¹ peak to the hollow site of the (1 1 1) microfacet at the step or the lower-terrace hollow site nearest to the step. By heating, site-to-site hopping to the more stable site occurs and the relative stability of four adsorption sites can be determined.     

辐射源旋转台阶成像技术

 提出了用旋转台阶对辐射源成像的方法。对台阶响应曲线微分可得到辐射源2维出射强度沿台阶方向的1个投影,通过旋转台阶体,可得到完整的正弦图,从而可用层析重建算法重建出辐射源区的强度分布。用钨合金台阶体在1个60Co源上进行成像实验,从400个角度的台阶响应数据重建出60Co源活性区图像,表明该方法是可行的。此方法可推广到大孔径圆孔台阶体,用于测量X射线焦点等小尺寸辐射源的尺寸。     

KDP晶体台阶生长动力学的激光干涉实验研究

采用迈克尔逊干涉技术 ,通过测量KDP晶体生长的法向速率和台阶斜率来研究其台阶生长的动力学系数、台阶自由能、溶质在边界层内的扩散特征以及激发晶体生长台阶的位错活性 .实验表明 ,KDP中不同活性位错的台阶动力学系数差异较大 ,例如高活性和低活性台阶动力学系数分别为 10 .3× 10 -2 和 5 .2 1× 10 -2 cm/s,位错源在晶体表面的形状、面积的变化 ,以及Burgers矢量的变化是造成晶体生长动力学测量数据重复性差的主要原因     

Stable surface termination on vicinal 6H-SiC(0 0 0 1) surfaces

Ordered nanofacet structures on vicinal 6H-SiC(0 0 0 1) surfaces, consisting of pairs of a (0 0 0 1) basal plane and a facet, are investigated in terms of stable surface stacking of the (0 0 0 1) basal planes. The surface termination of S3 (or S3*), i.e., ABC (or A*C*B*), was suggested by a structural model based on quantized step-bunching, which typically gives a one-unit-cell bunched step configuration at the facet. Here, we evaluate the surface termination at basal planes covered with a layer of silicon oxynitride by means of quantitative low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) analysis combined with scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), and show the validity of the structural model proposed.     

valuation of options on joint minima and maxima

It is shown how to obtain explicit formulae for a variety of popular path-dependent contracts with complex payoffs involving joint distributions of several extrema. More specifically, formulae are given for standard step-up and stepdown barrier options, as well as partial and outside step-up and step-down barrier options, between three and five dimensions. The proposed method can be extended to other exotic path-dependent payoffs as well as to higher dimensions. Numerical results show that the quasi-random integration of these formulae, involving multivariate distributions of correlated Gaussian random variables, provides option values more quickly and more accurately than Monte Carlo simulation.     

Cu-Zn-Al形状记忆合金的双分级淬火

合金的形状记忆效应是以热弹性马氏体转变为基础,通常要求该类合金具有较大的热弹性马氏体可逆转变量和稳定的特征转变温度。但是,这些参数与热处理条件密切相关,特别是在M_s高于室温的三元Cu-Zn-Al形状记忆合金中存在着热弹性马氏体的稳定化现象。作者曾研究了Cu-14.84Zn-7.75Al(wt％)形状记忆合金在单分级淬火条件下的热弹性马氏体转变行为,并探讨了热弹性马氏体稳定化机理。本文用直流电阻法、金相显微镜、扫描电镜、X-射线衍射等方法继续对该合金在双分级淬火条件下的热弹性马氏体转变行为进行了研究。主要结果如下: (1)本实验合金经(360℃,2分钟+150℃,2分钟)双分级淬火可获得最大热弹性马氏体可逆转变量和稳定的特征转变温度,但双分级淬火在360℃停留时会使贫溶质原子α相在原β相晶界和晶内析出,导致基体相中溶质原子富化。随着360℃停留的时间延长,α相逐渐增多,热弹性马氏体可逆转变量和特征转变温度(M_s,M_f,A_s,A_f)分别逐渐减少和降低。当基体相完全分解成多相组织时,其热弹性才完全消失。 (2)在T_s高于340℃的单分级淬火试样中热弹性马氏体的稳定化,不是由于母相中第二相析出所造成。 (3)双分级淬火试样的热弹性马氏体可逆转变量减少和特征转变温度降低是因为在360℃停留时析出了贫溶质原子α相和基体溶质原子富化所造成。     

威布尔分布恒定——步进应力加速寿命试验可靠性统计分析方法及软件包

本文利用一个应力水平的恒定加速和一组步进加速寿命试验,给出使用寿命服从威布尔分布的机电产品的可靠性统计分析及计算软件包。     

Finite element computation of a turbulent flow over a two-dimensional backward-facing step

The present paper is devoted to the computation of turbulent flows by a Galerkin finite element method. Effects of turbulence on the mean field are taken into account by means of a (k-ε) turbulence model. The wall region is treated through wall laws and, more specifically, Reichardt's law. An inlet profile for ε is proposed as a numerical treatment for physically meaningless values of k and ε. Results obtained for a recirculating flow in a two-dimensional channel with a sudden expansion in width are presented and compared with experimental values.     

镍表面单原子台阶对甲烷解离过程影响的DFT研究

使用基于密度泛函理论（DFT）的DMol^3量子力学计算程序模块，采用Ni（211）周期性模型表达镍表面上的单原子台阶结构，计算出CHx（x=0～4）在Ni（211）模型不同活性位上的吸附能和空间构型，并使用LST／QST方法找到了台阶结构上CHx（x=1～4）的解离路径、过渡态和相应的能量数据．计算结果表明，金属表面台阶结构较平台结构更有利于CHx物种的吸附．台阶结构上存在能够降低CHx解离活化能的活性位．处于台阶结构上的特定位置时，CH4解离全过程的关键步骤-CH4和CH解离的活化能会大幅降低。