Analysis of volatiles emitted by potato plants by means of a Colorado beetle electroantennographic detector

An electroantennographic detector based on the antenna of the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say, 1824) was used to investigate volatile organic compounds emitted by injured potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L., 1753). Samples were collected on charcoal traps using the CLSA method. Analyses were performed with a GC-EAD-FID setup as well as a GC-MS system. The experiments revealed that several groups of compounds are perceptible to the Colorado potato beetle. The ability of the Colorado potato beetle to detect green leaf odours (e.g. (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol and (E)-2-hexenal), linalool and some terpenes has been noticed before [Visser et al., J. Chem. Ecol. 5 (1979) 13]. In this work the presence of (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol, (E)-2-hexenal and linalool in the potato odour could be confirmed. Moreover, β-myrcene, benzeneethanol, and several sesquiterpenes (e.g. caryophyllene and germacrene-D) were identified. The GC-EAD experiments reveal that apart from the green leaf odours and linalool prominent reactions of the Colorado bettle antenna are induced by benzeneethanol and the sesquiterpene fraction.     

Radical mediated stereoselective synthesis of (4R,8R)-4,8-dimethyldecanal, an aggregation pheromone of Tribolium flour beetles

(4R,8R)-4,8-Dimethyldecanal, a common aggregation pheromone of Tribolium flour beetles, has been synthesized from (R)-2,3-O-isopropylideneglyceraldehyde in 11 steps and 7% overall yield. The key step in the synthesis is the highly diastereoselective chelation-controlled radical reaction of ethyl (4S,5R)-4-benzyloxy-5,6-(isopropylidenedioxy)-2-methylenehexanoate with ethyl (R)-5-iodo-3-methylpentanoate performed in the presence of 7 equiv of MgBr₂·OEt₂.     

芫花中芫花素的提取工艺与杀虫试验

芫花 (ＤａｐｈｎｅｇｅｎｋｗａＳｉｅｂ.ｅｔＺｕｃｃ.)属于瑞香科植物[1] ,芫花的浸取液对棉蛉虫、稻螟虫、菜青虫、班蝥等害虫具有较好的杀虫效果 ,且对人畜无害 ,是一种理想的无公害农药[2 ] 。为了提高药效 ,更好地开发这种无公害农药 ,本文对芫花中杀虫有效成分的提取工艺与杀虫效果进行了初步研究。1　实验部分1 1　试剂和仪器苯 ,氯仿和 95 %的乙醇均为分析纯 ;岛津ＵＶ -2 40型紫外可见分光光度仪 ;ＦＴ -80ＡＮＭＲ仪。1 2　实验方法芫花枝条干粉 1 5 0 0ｇ,加水 1 0 .0 0Ｌ煮沸 1 2小时 ,煮沸过程中陆续补加少量水分。将煮沸…     

沙漠甲虫Stenocara与空气取水

空气取水是解决淡水匮乏的有效方法之一,但较低取水率限制了其广泛应用。结合英国生物学家Andrew发现的沙漠甲虫Stenocara利用其特殊背部表面从空气中获取饮用水的现象,通过分析现有空气取水技术,指出了制作Stenocara甲虫背部仿生表面以应用在空气取水中,有可能在提高空气取水的取水率方面提供新的思路,这也有望成为今后大型化、人工空气取水的基础。     

我国杨树天牛综合治理回顾与展望

在简要回顾我国杨树天牛防治与研究进展的基础上,从针对天牛个体、寄主植物和整体防护林生态系统3个层面,论述了我国当前杨树天牛的综合治理技术,提出了杨树天牛综合治理的发展方向和技术路线。     

Analysis of volatiles emitted by potato plants by means of a Colorado beetle electroantennographic detector

An electroantennographic detector based on the antenna of the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say, 1824) was used to investigate volatile organic compounds emitted by injured potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L., 1753). Samples were collected on charcoal traps using the CLSA method. Analyses were performed with a GC-EAD-FID setup as well as a GC-MS system. The experiments revealed that several groups of compounds are perceptible to the Colorado potato beetle. The ability of the Colorado potato beetle to detect green leaf odours (e.g. (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol and (E)-2-hexenal), linalool and some terpenes has been noticed before [Visser et al., J. Chem. Ecol. 5 (1979) 13]. In this work the presence of (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol, (E)-2-hexenal and linalool in the potato odour could be confirmed. Moreover, β-myrcene, benzeneethanol, and several sesquiterpenes (e.g. caryophyllene and germacrene-D) were identified. The GC-EAD experiments reveal that apart from the green leaf odours and linalool prominent reactions of the Colorado bettle antenna are induced by benzeneethanol and the sesquiterpene fraction.     

粉蠹虫性信息素的不对称合成新方法

昆虫性信息素;粉蠹虫性信息素的不对称合成新方法     

Droplets on patterned substrates: water off a beetle's back

We present a lattice Boltzmann model to describe the spreading of droplets on chemically and topologically patterned substrates. As an example, we consider the process by which a Namibian beetle captures water on its back which is hydrophobic but covered by peaks with hydrophilic tops. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

New synthesis of serricornin,the sex pheromone of the cigarette beetle (Lasioderma serricorne)

A new approach to the total synthesis of serricornin, the sex pheromone of the cigarette beetle, based on readily available (4S,5E)-4-methyhept-5-enenitrile was implemented.     

不同保存方式下金龟甲虫DNA提取方法及28S rDNA序列分析

通过电泳检测和PCR扩增28SrDNA核基因序列的结果,比较了无水乙醇、75%乙醇、针插干制3种金龟甲虫标本的保存方式和SDS-蛋白酶K法、CTAB法、饱和NaCl法3种提取DNA方法.结果显示,SDS-蛋白酶K法、CTAB法提取3种保存方式的标本时,可成功提取DNA并有效扩增目的基因;饱和NaCl法仅能提取无水乙醇保存标本的DNA并扩增目的基因,而75%乙醇保存标本和干制标本的DNA提取和基因扩增均不理想.