Synthesis and characterization of poly(styrene/α-t-butoxy-ω-vinylbenzyl-polyglycidol) microspheres

Polystyrene microspheres with polyglycidol (polyGL) in a surface layer were synthesized in batch radical emulsifier-free emulsion copolymerizations of styrene and surfmers, α-t-butoxy-ω-vinylbenzyl-polyGL macromonomers (VB-polyGL). Macromonomers with number-average molecular weight Mˉ _n=950 (VB-polyGL950) and Mˉ _n=2700 (VB-polyGL2700) were used for these polymerizations. In all syntheses the initial concentrations of styrene and initiator (K₂S₂O₈) were constant. The initial macromonomer-to-styrene ratios were varied from 1.10 × 10⁻³ to 1.64 × 10⁻² mol/mol and from 3.46 × 10⁻⁴ to 3.47 × 10⁻³ mol/mol for VB-polyGL950 and VB-polyGL2700, respectively. The diameters of microspheres obtained were smaller for the syntheses with higher concentrations of macromonomers. Syntheses with VB-polyGL950 yielded microspheres with number-average diameters (Dˉ _n) from 216 to 900 nm and with a bimodal diameter distribution. The number-average diameters of microspheres obtained with VB-polyGL2700 varied from 220 to 650 nm, depending on the initial concentration of macromonomer. Their diameter distributions were monomodal, with a diameter polydispersity parameter (ratio of weight-average and number-average diameters) in the range 1.007≤Dˉ _w/Dˉ _n≤1.022. For each type of microsphere the fraction of polyGL in a surface layer and the surface concentration of sulfate anions were determined. The fraction of polyGL in the surface layer was related to the initial monomer composition in the polymerizing mixture. Adsorption of human serum albumin onto surfaces of some poly(styrene/VB-polyGL) microspheres was up to 10 times lower than for the polystyrene microspheres obtained in a similar emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization of styrene. Received: 26 September 2000/Accepted: 19 February 2001     

SiO2大分子单体的合成

SiO2大分子单体的合成;SiO2;甲苯二异氰酸酯;表面修饰;二氧化硅大分子单体     

Thermosensitive Particles with Unusual Morphology Prepared by Dispersion Copolymerization

The monodispersed polymeric particles with an unusual structure were prepared by the dispersion copolymerization of acrylonitrile/styrene（AN/St） in mixed solvents of ethanol/water by using the poly（N-isopropylacrylamide） （PNIPAAm） macromonomer as a reaction stabilizer. It was found that the AN monomer plays a key role in the formation of the particles with special morphology analyzed via scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The reaction parameters have remarkable influences on the particle size and morphology. The particles possess a thermosensitive property according to the result of laser light scattering（LLS）.     

Epoxy and hydroxy functional polyolefin macromonomers

Methods for preparing saturated polyolefin oligomers with Si(SINGLE BOND)H, epoxy groups, and with dihydroxy groups have been developed. Anionic polymerization of butadiene, then termination of the chains with chlorodimethylsilane leads to controlled molecular weight oligomers with silane functionality, and wherein the microstructure can be tailored. Hydrogenation of these materials proceeds smoothly using colloidal nickel catalysts to yield the corresponding saturated materials, which are stable to conditions used for melt polyesterifications. Hydrosilation of allyl glycidyl ether with the Si(SINGLE BOND)H end groups produces epoxy functional oligomers, and subsequent hydrolysis of the epoxy rings yields oligomers with a dihydroxy group at one end. Melt copolymerization of the olefin macromers with 1,4-butanediol and 1,4-dimethylcyclohexanedicarboxylate in the presence of titanium isopropoxide affords poly(ester-g-olefin) graft copolymers. These copolymers are under study as model interfacial agents for polyester/polyolefin blends and as suspension agents for polyester particles in nonpolar media. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

乙醇/水介质中制备两亲性接枝共聚物PMMA-g-PEO

在乙醇/水介质中,以偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂,通过聚氧乙烯大分子单体(PEO-MA)与甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)进行自由基共聚,制备了两亲性接枝共聚物PMMA-g-PEO.研究了醇/水比、大单体含量、引发剂用量、反应时间及反应温度对大单体和小单体转化率的影响.结果表明,共聚开始大单体的转化率大于小单体的,后期则相反;介质中乙醇的含量对反应有较大的影响.产物提纯后用FT-IR1、H-NMR对两亲性接枝共聚物的结构进行了表征.     

高分子表面活性剂P(AM-co-OPMA)的合成与表征

辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚(10)(OP-10)与马来酸酐在95℃下反应,合成了辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚马来酸单酯(OPMA);并在水溶液中与丙烯酰胺(AM)单体进行共聚合,获得了高分子表面活性剂P(AM-co-OPMA);考察了引发剂用量、单体组成、单体总浓度及反应温度对共聚物特性粘数与阴离子度的影响.通过红外光谱、紫外光谱、荧光发射光谱和电导滴定对共聚物结构和组成进行了表征;利用视频光学接触角测量仪分别测定了共聚物表面和界面张力.结果表明,在聚丙烯酰胺分子主链上引入OPMA链节后,不仅保持了PAM优良的增稠能力(特性粘数达764.31 mL/g),且赋予了共聚物较高的表面活性(浓度为1.5 g/L共聚物水溶液的表面和界面张力分别可达53.94 mN/m和5.41 mN/m).     

High‐Yield Synthesis of Uniform Star Polymers—Is Controlled Radical Polymerization Always Needed?

Star formation : A novel and easy method is reported for the synthesis of well‐defined star polymers with high star yield by applying conventional radical copolymerization of linear macromonomer and divinyl cross‐linkers in a homogeneous solution (see figure).

     

Facile Synthesis of Thiol‐Functionalized Long‐Chain Highly Branched ROMP Polymers and Surface‐Decorated with Gold Nanoparticles

The synthesis of thiol‐functionalized long‐chain highly branched polymers (LCHBPs) has been accomplished in combination of ring‐opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) and thiol‐Michael addition click reaction. A monotelechelic polymer with a terminal acrylate and many pendent thiol groups is first prepared through adding an internal cis‐olefin terminating agent to the reaction mixture immediately after the completion of the living ROMP, and then utilized as an AB_n‐type macromonomer in subsequent thiol‐ene reaction between acrylate and thiol, yielding LCHBPs as the reaction time prolonged. Au nanoparticles are then covalently conjugated onto the surface of thiol‐functionalized LCHBP to fabricate novel hybrid nanostructures, which is shown as one interesting application of such functionalized metathesis polymers. This facile approach can be extended toward the fabrication of novel nanomaterials with sophisticated structures and tunable multifunctionalities.

     

聚氧乙烯(PEO)、丙烯酰胺与甲基丙烯酸甲酯三元共聚物的合成与表征

以THF为溶剂，磺胺嘧啶钠为引发剂，甲基丙烯酰氯为封端剂，阴离子聚合合成了一类含双键端基的聚氧乙烯(PEO)大单体；在此基础上，考察了此类大单体与丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酸甲酯的自由基共聚反应，合成了一类新型PMMA—PAM—PEO三元共聚物，此物在常温下易于成膜；大单体及共聚物经纯化后，用IR、^1H—NMR、VPO、GPC等进行了表征，证实了产物有预期结构。