不同来源钝顶螺旋藻砷富集特性

 为进一步探讨2 个不同来源钝顶螺旋藻的砷富集特性,明晰藻液砷浓度与生长、产量及藻粉砷含量的对应关系,在不同质量浓度砷溶液中培养鄂尔多斯钝顶螺旋藻与引进螺旋藻藻种,通过比较2 藻种生长情况、藻粉的干重及藻粉中砷的质量比,分析2 藻种对砷的适应性和抵抗性。结果表明,在0~0.32 mg/L 的砷环境中,2 藻种生长均没有受到抑制,当地藻种产量高于引进藻种,在各砷浓度下鄂尔多斯钝顶螺旋藻藻粉砷质量比明显低于引进种。     

螺旋藻藻蓝蛋白和藻多糖对人体外周血淋巴细胞功能的影响

从螺旋藻中提取藻蓝蛋白（ＳＰＣ）和多糖（ＳＰＳ）,研究其对人体外周血淋巴细胞功能的影响。实验结果表明,ＳＰＣ和ＳＰＳ能够促进ＰＨＡ刺激淋巴细胞转化的作用,其中ＳＰＳ的促进作用有剂量依存关系。ＳＰＣ和ＳＰＳ能恢复Ｔ细胞受环磷酰胺损伤后Ｅ玫瑰花环形成能力,特别是对活性Ｅ花环（Ｅａ）的形成能力有较好的恢复作用。     

Determination of Phenolics in Water and Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis by Concentrated Sulfuric Acid and Ultrasound-Assisted Surfactant-Enhanced Emulsification Microextraction and High Performance Liquid Chromatography

A novel, practical, and environmentally friendly technique, termed concentrated sulfuric acid cleanup and ultrasound-assisted surfactant-enhanced emulsification microextraction (CSAC-UASEM), was combined with HPLC for the preconcentration and determination of five phenolics in water and Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis samples. The main advantages include that the concentrated sulfuric acid is used to decrease macromolecular interferences prior to microextraction and, unlike dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction procedures, no dispersive organic solvent is required. Chloroform and sodium dodecyl sulfate were used as the extraction solvent and emulsifier, respectively. The algal cell preparation and CSAC-UASEM procedure parameters, including selection of cleanup method, ultrasound power, cell cytocylasis time, type and volume of extraction solvent, extraction temperature, ultrasound-extracted time, and sample pH, were optimized. At the fortification levels of 1.0 and 10.0 µg/L, the enrichment factors of analytes were in the range of 201.38 to 269.24. The percent extraction ranged from 71.57% to 107.42% in environmental Arthrospira-350, -793, and -834 samples, whereas the range was from 74.17% to 106.72% in water samples. The limits of detection (at S/N = 3) were 0.02 to 0.04 µg/L (except for 4-bromobisphenol A of 0.10 µg/L). These values indicate an approximately ten-fold improvement compared with the values reported by other techniques. In summary, the CSAC-UASEM sample preparation technique has great potential in the routine determination of trace phenolics in environmental waters and aquatic biological samples.     

小球藻、球等鞭金藻和螺旋藻生物量高光谱成像的可视化研究

微藻高效培养是微藻生物能源开发利用的关键和前提,而在营养充足的培养条件下生长迅速但较易受到环境污染和影响,因此微藻生长过程中对其生长状况进行监测意义重大。高光谱成像技术同时拥有丰富物质品质信号的优点和图像包含丰富品质分布空间信息的优点,可为微藻的快速无损检测提供新的方法和手段。分别采集小球藻、球等鞭金藻和螺旋藻三种微藻各45个样本的高光谱图像,并提取样本感兴趣区域(ROI)的平均光谱。利用连续投影算法(SPA)波长优选之后,取30个建模集样本的光谱数据与其相应的生物量建立多元线性回归(MLR)模型,对15个预测集样本的生物量进行预测,小球藻、球等鞭金藻和螺旋藻预测相关系数(r)分别为0.950,0.969和0.961,预测均方根误差(RMSEP)为0.010 2,0.010 7和0.017 1,获得了较好的预测精度。最后,用所建MLR模型对预测集图像上每个像素点的生物量加以预测,采用Matlab图像编程处理将不同的生物量用不同的颜色表示,最终以伪彩图的形式实现藻液生物量的可视化。研究结果表明,高光谱成像技术对小球藻和螺旋藻藻液生物量的可视化效果较好,对球等鞭金藻的预测效果还需要进一步改进。本研究为实现微藻生长信息的快速获取和进一步开展微藻生物质能源利用奠定了一定的研究基础。     

螺旋藻的室外培养

螺旋藻是重要的单胞蛋白质来源。从本次螺旋藻实验可以证明,给予足够的光照、CO_2、搅拌,适合的营养介质,高碱性(PH8.6-9.5),以及最佳的温度,螺旋藻的生长率可在几小时内成倍增长。     

混合异养螺旋藻中藻蓝蛋白的分离和纯化

为了从螺旋藻中分离和纯化藻蓝蛋白,研究了一种采用硫铵分步盐析,离子交换层析和凝胶过滤层析的分离纯化方法,在硫酸铵分步盐析中,通过对沉淀物的吸收光谱扫描发现,３００ｇ／Ｌ的硫酸铵溶溶能很好除去杂蛋白,而５００ｇ／Ｌ和６５０ｇ／Ｌ的硫酸铵溶液能较好离ｃ－蓝蓝蛋白和别藻蓝蛋白。     

Expanded Bed Adsorption Chromatography for Recovery of Phycocyanins from the Microalga Spirulina Platensis

We carried out the purification of C-phycocyanin and allophycocyanin from Spirulina platensis taking advantage of the adsorption properties of the expanded beds. Initially, phycobiliproteins were released from the microalga cells by osmotic shock. Next, phycocyanins were recovered by applying the centrifuged cell suspension directly to the anion exchanger Streamline-DEAE using expanded bed columns, equilibrated with 50 mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 7.0. After adsorption, washing was carried out in the expanded-bed mode. Having removed unbound proteins and cellular debris, the bed was allowed to sediment and phycocyanins rich solution was eluted with a downward flow of 500 mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 7.0. Finally, we utilized conventional gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography methods for separation and purification of C-phycocyanin and allophycocyanin. The purification steps were monitored using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and the purity of recovered phycocyanins was confirmed by absorption and emission spectroscopy. The main advantage of this new method is the high yield achieved in the steps of product extraction and adsorption by expanded bed adsorption, so reducing both processing times and costs.     

螺旋藻中铁、钾元素的测定

为研究螺旋藻的天然保健作用,采用微波消化的方法,用原子吸收分光光度法测定了螺旋藻中铁、钾的含量。结果表明,螺旋藻中铁含量为0.11%~0.21%,钾含量为1.15%~1.83%。     

螺旋藻饲料对金鱼快速增色效果的研究

采用螺旋藻作为组分制成饲料，对金鱼快速增色进行随机分组试验，结果表明：投喂含螺旋藻饲料的试验组的金鱼混合色素和叶黄素含量都有显著增加，增加程度同饲料中螺旋藻含量呈正相关；金鱼的体重也显著高于对照组，以Ｂ组效果最佳，增长率为３６ ．２％ ，此外，螺旋藻也能改善金鱼的生理状态．     

大孔树脂固定化葡萄糖异构酶及其动力学研究

研究了用大孔径聚丙烯腈树脂固定化葡萄糖异构酶的方法及固定化酶的性质．固定化酶活力达到４．６２９６×１０－６ｍｏｌ·ｇ－１·ｓ－１左右．同时研究了固定化酶的反应动力学，测得其米氏常数Ｋｍ＝６．００ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１，最大反应速度Ｖｍａｘ＝１．４０×１０－５ｍｏｌ·ｇ－１·ｓ－１．