钝顶螺旋藻Fe-SOD基因的克隆及序列分析

参照GenBank中Fe-SOD基因序列,根据SOD的保守区域设计引物,以钝顶螺旋藻(Spirulina platensis)基因组DNA为模板,PCR扩增获得大小为528 bp的片段.序列分析表明,其与集胞藻(Synechocystis sp.PCC 6803)、念珠藻(Nostoc commune DRH1)等物种的Fe-SOD基因的同源性分别为75%、71%,且由该序列推导的氨基酸序列与集胞藻、念珠藻等种属的Fe-SOD相比,同源性为68%、67%.表明该片段为钝顶螺旋藻Fe-SOD基因的部分序列.     

γ-linolenic acid production by microalgae

The production of γ-linolenic acid from algae in fresh and marine water was investigated. WhenSpirulina platensis was left in the dark condition, it contained about one and a half times γ-linolenic acid compared with conventionalSpirulina platensis. Marine microalga,Chlorella sp. NKG 042401 contained about 10% of γ-linolenic acid. The highest γ-linolenic acid content was obtained when this alga was cultured under the radiation of around 100 μEinstein/m²/s.     

生活废水培养螺旋藻(Spirulina platensis)中的营养物质构成

研究生活废水培养螺旋藻(Spirulina platensis,SP)中的主要营养物质构成.用厨房废水(kitchenwastewater,KW)摇瓶培养SP,观察藻细胞在KW中的生长状态,以及低、高光照强度(36 μmol/m~2·S和108μmol/m~2·s)对SP生长的影响.化学比色法检测KW培养的sP(KW-SP)中的总蛋白质(Pr)、脂(Lip)和水溶性多糖(Ploys)等主要营养物质的构成.结果发现,SP在KW中的生长速率、生物量及产率可达在Zarrouk培养液(ZM)中的80%以上,并表现有明显氮营养缺乏特点;与ZM培养的SP(ZM-sp)相比,低、高光照强度下培养的KW-SP中Pr(分别占干质量的47.7%和40.3%)明显降低(P<0.05),Lip(26.5%和19.3%)显著增高(P<0.05),高光照强度下培养的KW-SP中Ploys(24.1%)显著增高(P<0.05);KW-SP中天冬氨酸(Asp)和蛋氨酸含量明显增加(P<0.05),精氨酸、组氨酸和胱氨酸含量则明显降低(P<0.05).用生活废水培养的SP营养价值仍然较高,培养过程中氮缺乏和光照强度对KW-SP中蛋白质、脂、多糖及氨基酸构成有重要影响.     

Effects of solar ultraviolet radiation on the photochemical efficiency, photosynthetic pigments and biomass production of Spirulina platensis

Effects of solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on Spirulina platensis were studied by investigating its photochemical efficiency, photosynthetic pigments and biomass production while exposed to full spectrum solar radiation or depleted of UVR for understanding how and to what extent UVR influences its photosynthe tic physiology and production. It was found that UVR brought about an extra inhibition of photochemical efficiency by 26%—30%. The greatest inhibition of pho tochemical efficiency in S. platensis was observed at noontime, and then recovered to some extent in late afternoon no matter which treatment they were exposed to. The contents of chlorophyll a, phycocyanin and carotenoids increased during initial stage of the exposure, but decreased with elongated exposure. UVR decre ased the biomass yield by about 6%. It indicated that filtering out UVR of solar radiation would raise the productivity of S. platensis, which is an important factor that should be considered in the production.     

螺旋藻废液中藻多糖的提取与分离纯化

从螺旋藻废液中提取藻多糖 ,经酶和Sevage脱蛋白 ,SephadexG - 2 5凝胶过滤层析除去全部 (NH4) 2 SO4,再经DEAE -SepharoseFastFlow和SephadexG - 10 0凝胶柱层析分离纯化藻多糖 ,得到两个藻多糖组分PSPⅠ、PSPⅡ ;经高效液相色谱法测定PSPⅠ相对分子量为 130 0 0 ;经完全酸水解研究 ,确定PSPⅠ是由D -葡萄糖、D -甘露糖、D -葡萄糖醛酸组成的多糖。     

螺旋藻藻蓝色素对叶绿体仿生膜光电效应的影响

螺旋藻的藻蓝色素可使叶绿体仿生膜的光电压响应值△Ｖ增强一倍以上，藻蓝色素在膜中的含量与△Ｖ有正相关关系，但含量达饱和后，△Ｖ趋于不变     

小白鼠、家鸡对螺旋藻(Spirulina Platensis)消化、吸收的示踪研究

本文利用螺旋藻饲喂家鸡和小白鼠,并以同位素作示踪,研究动物对藻丝体的消化、吸收及其利用,结果指出,螺旋藻能被家鸡和小白鼠所消化、吸收,为机体所利用,其利用率分别可达72％和67％.鸡只长期口服添加藻粉的混合饲料,具有比对照组明显的增重效果.     

螺旋藻提取物对护肤效果的研究

螺旋藻有效成分采用水提、高速分散和冻融的提取方法比较简便有效．将其按2.5％的比例添加制作的螺旋藻护肤膏，有保湿、润肤和愈合伤口的作用，对寻常型痤疮有一定的疗效．经化学、微生物检验，符合《化妆品卫生标准》．     

富硒螺旋藻光谱特性及其含硒蛋白质组分析

以富硒螺旋藻( Selenium enriched spirulina platensis, Se-SP)为材料,采用红外、紫外-可见吸收光谱分析Se-SP的光谱特征,并利用二维电泳技术(Two-dimensional electrophoresis,2DE)分离、飞行时间质谱(Matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight, MALDI-TOF)鉴定和电感耦合等离子体质谱( Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, ICP-MS)检测硒含量,对Se-SP蛋白质组及其含硒蛋白质分布进行初步鉴定和分析。结果显示,硒对螺旋藻蛋白质组中多种蛋白质表达有一定影响,观察到对捕光色素蛋白如藻蓝蛋白( Phycocya-nin, PC)、别藻蓝蛋白( Allophycocyanin , APC)和 Robisco大亚基及超氧化物歧化酶( Superoxide Dismutase, SOD)等蛋白质具有明显上调作用。硒在Se-SP蛋白质组中存在较为普遍,但分布相对集中在pH 4~7、分子质量14.4~43 kDa的蛋白质中。硒在藻体特定蛋白质中的存在形式还有待深入研究和鉴定。