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31.
溶胶-凝胶法合成有机/无机杂化材料进展——1.组分间以化学键作用的有机/无机杂化材料 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
介绍了溶胶-凝胶法(Sol-gel process)制备组分间以化学键作用的有机/无机杂化材料的基本情况,根据合成方法进行分类,并指出其发展趋势。 相似文献
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We classify all the closed 3‐dimensional orbifolds with Sol‐geometry. These are aspherical orbifolds and so their fundamental groups determine the orbifolds completely. Thus we will classify all the crystallographic groups of Sol, together with all the Bieberbach groups, up to isomorphism. 相似文献
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Ultrasound-assisted deposition (USAD) of sol nanoparticles enables the formation of uniform and inherently stable thin films. However, the technique still suffers in coating hard substrates and the use of fast-reacting sol–gel precursors still remains challenging. Here, we report on the deposition of ultrathin titanium and titanium/silicon hybrid oxide coatings using hydroxylated silicon wafers as a model hard substrate. We use acetic acid as the catalyst which also suppresses the reactivity of titanium tetraisopropoxide while increasing the reactivity of tetraethyl orthosilicate through chemical modifications. Taking the advantage of this peculiar behavior, we successfully prepared titanium and titanium/silicon hybrid oxide coatings by USAD. Varying the amount of acetic acid in the reaction media, we managed to modulate thickness and surface roughness of the coatings in nanoscale. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy studies showed the formation of conformal coatings having nanoroughness. Quantitative chemical state maps obtained by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) suggested the formation of ultrathin (<10 nm) coatings and thickness measurements by rotating analyzer ellipsometry supported this observation. For the first time, XPS chemical maps revealed the transport effect of ultrasonic waves since coatings were directly cast on rectangular substrates as circular shadows of the horn with clear thickness gradient from the center to the edges. In addition to the progress made in coating hard substrates, employing fast-reacting precursors and achieving hybrid coatings; this report provides the first visual evidence on previously suggested “acceleration and smashing” mechanism as the main driving force of USAD. 相似文献
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《Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids》2014,75(8):992-997
X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermoelectric power (S) and at room temperature electrical conductivity (σ) of Na+1-doped V2O5·nH2O nanocrystalline thin films fabricated by sol gel technique (colloid route) were studied. XRD showed that the Na2O–V2O5·nH2O thin films are highly oriented nanocrystals. The average value of particle size was found to be about 7.5 nm. The thermoelectric power showed that the thermoelectric power for all present nanocrystalline thin films samples decreased with increasing Na+1 content. However, the electrical conductivity increased with increasing Na+1 content. There is evidence that small polarons are responsible for determining the transport properties of the Na+1 doped V2O5·nH2O nanocrystalline thin films samples. The high value of electrical conductivity and small value of thermoelectric power is ideal for device applications, where device to device variation of the thermoelectric power must be small. This preparation technique was demonstrated to fabricate high quality Na2O–V2O5·nH2O nanocrystalline thin films for thermoelectric device applications. However, this may be further used for deposition with an ink-jet printer. 相似文献
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The transparent nanocrystalline thin films of undoped zinc oxide and Mn-doped (Zn1−xMnxO) have been deposited on glass substrates via the sol–gel technique using zinc acetate dehydrate and manganese chloride as precursor. The as-deposited films with the different manganese compositions in the range of 2.5–20 at% were pre-heated at 100 °C for 1 h and 200 °C for 2 h, respectively, and then crystallized in air at 560 °C for 2 h. The structural properties and morphologies of the undoped and doped ZnO thin films have been investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to examine the morphology and microstructure of the thin films. Optical properties of the thin films were determined by photoluminescence (PL) and UV/Vis spectroscopy. The analyzed results indicates that the obtained films are of good crystal quality and have smooth surfaces, which have a pure hexagonal wurtzite ZnO structure without any Mn related phases. Room temperature photoluminescence is observed for the ZnO and Mn-doped ZnO thin films. 相似文献
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Application of a solid‐phase microextraction fiber coated with a graphene oxide‐poly(dimethylsiloxane) composite for the extraction of triazoles from water 下载免费PDF全文
Zhi Li Ruiyang Ma Guijiang Zhang Shuaihua Zhang Chun Wang Qiuhua Wu Zhi Wang 《Journal of separation science》2016,39(16):3171-3177
A solid‐phase microextraction fiber was prepared by mixing graphene oxide and hydroxyl‐terminated polydimethylsiloxane together and then coating the mixture on the surface of etched stainless‐steel wire by sol–gel technology. After aging by heating, the graphene oxide‐polydimethylsiloxane composite coated fiber was used for the direct solid phase microextraction of triazole fungicides from water samples. The properties of the graphene oxide‐polydimethylsiloxane coating were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. And the chemical stability of the coating was tested as well. Several important experimental parameters that could influence the extraction efficiency such as desorption temperature and time, extraction temperature and time, sample pH and stirring rate, were investigated and optimized. Under the optimized conditions, the limits of detection were in the range from 0.01 to 0.03 μg/L. The results indicated that the homemade fiber had the advantages of good thermal and chemical stability and high extraction efficiency, which was successfully applied to the analysis of triazoles in water samples. 相似文献