磁法勘探解析延拓算法在探测地下洞穴中的应用

通过对某地下防空洞探测的磁异常数据的研究,以解析延拓的方法作了向上与向下的延拓．结果表明：解析延拓算法的研究,对确定地下异常体与更精确圈定其几何形态是非常有效的．     

剑川石窟档案文献资源的开发利用

以大理剑川石窟档案文献为例,论述了如何在网络环境下,充分有效地开发和利用剑川石窟档案文献资源,努力为民族地方文献资源的建设和发展增添新的亮点.     

浅析岩溶洞穴旅游的可持续性发展--以重庆武隆芙蓉洞为例

文章借鉴旅游可持续发展的研究成果,初步探讨了岩溶洞穴旅游可持续发展的概念内涵,提出了发展的目标;分析了岩溶洞穴旅游可持续发展的方法,包括负面影响分析、环境容量的计算、指标体系的建立和评价方法等。     

临近溶腔内压对隧道初支稳定性影响的模型试验

部分未经处理溶腔填充物复杂且受季节性、突发性降雨影响,溶腔内压增大会影响临近隧道结构稳定性,易导致施做后的初支结构失稳.以某三车道公路隧道为依托,开展了隧道开挖后承压溶腔对初支力学行为影响的模型试验.试验中逐级增加溶腔内压,测试了隧道洞周位移、初期支护内力及背后围岩压力的变化特征,研究承压溶腔位置及内压对隧道初支稳定性的影响.试验结果表明:隧道临近溶腔处洞周位移随溶腔内压增大而变大,达到临界内压时突然增大;承压溶腔内压增大显著增大了钢拱架临近溶腔测点处的弯矩,使钢拱架轴力水平整体提升;同时增大了临近溶腔位置处及墙角处初期支护背后围岩压力,造成初支受力不均匀.洞周位移发生突然增大、钢拱架在轴力和弯矩共同作用下达到屈服强度时,初期支护结构失稳.在试验设定的溶腔尺寸及间距下,仰拱处存在溶腔时,内压增大,隧道初期支护最先失稳.     

一种元-卷积网络和持续学习融合的洞库类目标识别方法

洞库类目标是高价值识别目标,针对洞库类目标样本数据难以获得、样本内部数据相似度较高、人工设计识别特征方法局限性较大、普通深度网络需要海量数据等问题,提出了结合元学习和深度卷积网络的元-卷积网络(MCNN),并融合持续学习理论的洞库类目标识别方法(MCNN-LLS).首先结合深度卷积网络、元学习的理论建立元-卷积网络,该网络可利用旧知识指导新知识的训练,利用小样本数据即可训练得到识别能力较高的深度洞库模型;然后融合持续学习理论,建立持续学习系统(LLS),设计专家审核模型判别深度洞库模型的识别结果,并引入潜在任务、模型异步更新等方法,达到模型持续学习、持续更新的效果.实验表明,本文方法所需样本数量少,对洞库类目标识别准确率高,且识别能力可随识别过程中新数据的积累逐步提高.     

Characteristics of strontium isotopes and their implications in the Qixing Cave of Guizhou,China

The strontium isotopic compositions (87Sr/86Sr) of samples including soils, bedrock, soil waters, drip waters and their corresponding speleothems in the Qixing Cave (QXC), Guizhou Province, China, were systemically measured and analyzed. The results indicate that there are significant Sr isotopic differences among samples. The mean 87Sr/86Sr ratios in drip water for the samples 1#, 4# and 9# were 0.709568, 0.709139 and 0.708761, respectively, which possibly result from different flow paths, residence times, and other hydrogeological processes in the unsaturated zone overlying QXC. Meanwhile, levels of 40.8%, 57.6% and 72.4% of Sr in drip waters for 1#, 4# and 9#, respectively, were derived from bedrock dissolution, which was calculated by the mixture model of the two end-members (soil and bedrock). There is, however, no positive correlation between the relative proportion from bedrock dissolution (δ13C value is 1.8‰) and drip water δ13CDIC values. The mean drip water δ13CDIC value in 1# is the heaviest (–4.5‰) with the lowest contribution rate of bedrock dissolution, whereas the value in 9# is the lightest (–9.3‰) with the highest contribution rate of bedrock dissolution. The proportion from host rock dissolution in 4# is higher than that in 1# and lower than that in 9#, while its mean drip water δ13CDIC value (–8.6‰) is higher than that of 9# and lower than that for 1#. This suggests that the prior calcite precipitation (PCP) processes in the unsaturated zone overlying the cave are responsible for the δ13CDIC value differences between different drip waters, and not bedrock dissolution. Furthermore, this study also demonstrates that the 87Sr/86Sr ratios of speleothems in the 1# and 4# mainly reflect the variation in the relative proportions from the soil system (soil water) and bedrock dissolution overlying the cave. It is, therefore, feasible to use the strontium isotopic signals of speleothems as an indicator for soil chemical weathering intensity, and consequently as a monsoon proxy in the study area.     

江西龙宫洞不同季节土壤微生物群落结构比较

采用非培养法和传统培养法相结合,利用Illumina高通量测序技术对江西省九江市彭泽县龙宫洞微生物的16S rDNA和ITS相关区域进行测序及生物信息学分析,通过实时荧光定量PCR(qPCR)对洞穴土壤中细菌和真菌含量进行绝对定量,探究不同季节对洞穴土壤微生物群落结构的影响,同时观察相应可培养微生物分布情况.结果表明:...     

富勒烯与β淀粉样肽低聚体结合的分子动力学模拟

本文通过分子动力学模拟研究富勒烯在Aβ42 低聚体表面的结合过程. 在结合过程中,C₆₀在Aβ表面经历一系列尝试过程,最终找到某个稳定的结合位点. 根据结合的残基不同,这些结合位点可以分为六类,其中核心疏水区域（CHC）位点（¹⁷LVFFA²¹）及Turn 27-31 位点（²⁷NKGAI³¹）具有最强的结合稳定性. 二者的结合主要通过范德华作用稳定,而溶剂化效应则起相反作用. 在这六类位点中的两个位点,观察到C₆₀会对Aβ二级结构起破坏作用. 其一位于核心疏水区域,C₆₀有挤入多肽β片层中间的趋势;另外一位点位于N端,C₆₀能够破坏外侧Aβ的3-5 号残基的主链氢键,瓦解其末端的β片结构. 这两个过程对理解富勒烯抑制Aβ聚集的微观机制提供了帮助. 此外,在Turn 27-31 位点以及Y10-H14 位点,发现了富勒烯与Aβ纤维样聚集体结合的沟槽滚动机制,即富勒烯能够在淀粉样低聚体表面形成的特定沟槽内滚动. 这一特征有助于预测富勒烯在其它淀粉样多肽表面的结合位点及结合行为.     

High resolution stalagmite δ18O records over the past 1000 years from Dongge Cave in Guizhou

Based on MC-ICP-MS U-series dating andstable O-isotope analysis results, a 4-5 years resolution monsoon record over the past 1000 years has been established for two stalagmites from Dongge Cave, Guizhou. The high resolution oxygen isotope record serves as a proxy for variations in rainfall of Asian southwest monsoon over the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. A close relation of the δ18O record with the A^14C record from tree rings largely reflects impact of centennial-scale solar activity on the monsoon climate changes. The conspicuous decrease in the δ18O value at AD 1720 indicates an abrupt increase in monsoon rainfall, suggesting that an atmospheric-oceanic couple over the tropical Indian Ocean plays an important role in rapid increase of the Northern Hemisphere temperature over the last century.     

Climate indexes of phytoliths from Homo erectus'''' cave deposits in Nanjing

Many related papers have been published since the first report on the discovery of Nanjing hominid crania by Mu et al.[1]. Mu et al.[1], Xu et al.[2—4], the Tangshan Ar-chaeological Team[5] and Dong[6] have successively stud-ied the Nanjing Homo erectus?symbiotic faunas. Mu et al. and Xu et al. considered that the nature of the fauna in the Tangshan area belongs to the Oriental Realm,and this region was usually occupied by Ailuropoda-Tapirus fauna in the Pleistocene. However, the typica…