一起简易换热容器事故分析

由于生活需要将一台原用于储气的立式储气罐改造为一台卧式换热器，因操作不当，导致筒体焊口撕裂。针对这一事故进行分析研究，并对换热器筒壁撕裂处进行了强度校核，指出了压力容器在改造过程中，只有遵守国家有关标准要求，才能保证使用中避免事故的发生。     

Heat exchanger design based on chaotic advection

Experiments on hydrodynamic and heat transfer behavior of the flow in a twisted curved channel were conducted in a water tunnel and also in two heat exchanger coils tested in a heat exchanger test facility. The flow regime, designated “chaotic advection,” is a subclass of laminar flow with high mixing properties. Preliminary results show that heat transfer is enhanced due to the chaotic trajectories generated in the flow.     

程控交换机常见故障的分析与处理

对C＆C08程控交换机的故障类型进行了分析，通过实例，介绍了程控交换机常见故障的分析及处理方法。     

Crystallization Fouling in Experimental Micro Heat Exchangers—Optical and Thermal Investigations

The intention of this work is the basic investigations of the fouling behavior in micro heat exchangers. Therefore fouling experiments with calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) in an experimental micro heat exchanger were carried out and observed with a digital microscope. The investigations included local temperature measurements confirmed by computational fluid dynamics simulation as well as optical visualization of the fouling process inside the microchannels. The detected fouling resistances R _f were in the range of 10^?5–10^?4 m₂ K W^?1. Cleaning in place was possible and also optically observed.     

用改进的遗传算法进行多流股换热器网络综合

建立了有分流情况下换热器网络综合的教学模型,该模型改进了文献中等温混合的不合理假设,有分流情况下的换热器网络综合问题本质上是一个混合整数非线性规划(MINLP)问题。这类问题的非凸非线性特性使得目标函数存在多个局部最优解,传统的基于梯度的搜索方法在处理这类问题时由于计算规模庞大且极易陷于局部最优解而不再适用,因此对遗传算法进行多流股换热器网络综合的方法进行了研究,最后通过例题证明了方法的有效性。     

多工序过程自相关数据的统计监测

结合状态空间模型和统计过程控制方法,建立了多工序生产过程中的自相关数据控制图,给出了平均运行长度的计算公式,并采用Matlab软件模拟实际生产过程所产生的自相关数据.同时,通过生产实例,演示了此方法的应用步骤.结果表明,所建立的自相关数据控制图在受控状态下的报警率很低,而在失控状态下的报警率较高.     

Effect of nanofluids on the performance of a miniature plate heat exchanger with modulated surface

In the present work, the effect of the use of a nanofluid in a miniature plate heat exchanger (PHE) with modulated surface has been studied both experimentally and numerically. First, the thermophysical properties (i.e., thermal conductivity, heat capacity, viscosity, density and surface tension) of a typical nanofluid (CuO in water, 4% v/v) were systematically measured. The effect of surface modulation on heat transfer augmentation and friction losses was then investigated by simulating the existing miniature PHE as well as a notional similar PHE with flat plate using a CFD code. Finally, the effect of the nanofluid on the PHE performance was studied and compared to that of a conventional cooling fluid (i.e., water). The results suggest that, for a given heat duty, the nanofluid volumetric flow rate required is lower than that of water causing lower pressure drop. As a result, smaller equipment and less pumping power are required. In conclusion, the use of the nanofluids seems to be a promising solution towards designing efficient heat exchanging systems, especially when the total volume of the equipment is the main issue. The only drawbacks so far are the high price and the possible instability of the nanoparticle suspensions.     

Heat transfer augmentation and pumping power in double-pipe heat exchangers

One of the criteria for evaluating the performance of a heat exchanger with extended surfaces is the pumping power required for a specified heat duty. The results of an experimental project to relate the pumping power to heat transfer augmentation in a double-pipe heat exchanger are reported. The inner, electrically heated pipe was provided with external, rectangular, axial extended surfaces with interruptions. Heat transfer augmentation and friction factors were determined for different configurations with air as the fluid. Starting with continuous fins, cuts were introduced in the fins to give four ratios of the finssegment length to the gap between the segments, and finally all the fins were removed, which resulted in smooth pipes. Five different mass flow rates in two different inner pipes were employed. Lengths, surface areas, and pumping powers for finned pipes are compared with those for smooth pipes. The average heat transfer coefficient increases with an increase in the frequency of the interruptions. For equal heat transfer rates a significant reduction in the lengths can be achieved by interrupted fins. In many cases the reduction in the length is also accompanied by a reduction in the pumping power.     

一种带中间换热器的双热源高温热泵系统

为了提高工业高温热泵系统的热力性能,实现对工业低温余热的高效综合回收,提出了一种带中间换热器的双热源高温热泵系统。第一级热泵以CO2为工质、以空气为热源,在超临界状态下将冷水加热到中间温度。第二级热泵以R152a(二氟乙烷)作为工质,从工业余热源吸收热量,将用水加热到所需的高温,并且在中间换热器中将CO2加热到过热状态。对该双热源热泵系统进行热力学分析,发现给定R152a在中间换热器温降的情况下,CO2存在最大的过热度,使得整个系统达到最佳运行工况。以回收50℃废水余热为例与单热源热泵进行比较,平均供水量是后者的两倍多,单位质量热水的耗功量减少43.2%,性能系数和火用效率分别平均提高41.9%和23.96%。     

流体在带有狭槽管道中的流动

本文研究了流体流过带有狭槽的管道的流动问题,得到了流场中的速度分布规律。