含沙铝热剂对受爆炸作用有毒物质的SHS固化

为了固化在爆炸作用下飞散的有毒物质,采用了在含有有毒物质的爆炸装置周围铺设含沙铝热剂粉末而实现自蔓延高温合成(SHS)固化的方法,进行了含沙铝热剂粉末对爆炸驱动的有毒物质封闭固化的原理分析和模拟实验、固化体中有毒物质浸出率的模拟实验等.结果表明,含沙铝热剂粉末可以有效封闭和固化有毒物质;固化体中示踪元素锶、铒、铈的浸出率为10-7～10-9 g·cm-2·d-1量级;X射线衍射分析、扫描电镜观察发现,固化体中含有示踪元素锶、铒、铈的硅酸盐晶体,晶体周围分布着大量玻璃体.     

轴压作用下薄壁方钢管局部屈曲失稳的有限元分析

通过有限元模拟分析了轴压作用下薄壁方钢管的局部屈曲失稳形式．通过对一系列不同高宽比的方钢管模型的屈曲模态分析,研究了薄壁方钢管在轴压作用下发生局部屈曲失稳的规律．通过有限元模型分析,发现在轴向压力作用下,方钢管发生局部失稳破坏时,其临界荷载的大小主要受方钢管的宽厚比影响,而其高宽比对临界荷载的影响可以忽略不计．轴压作用下方钢管发生屈曲破坏时的屈曲系数非常接近于4,与四边简支的薄板在轴压作用下失稳的屈曲系数相同．这一结论对于薄壁方钢管在轴压作用下的屈曲分析具有参考价值．     

自蔓延反应火焰喷涂复相陶瓷涂层研究

从理论和工艺两个方面讨论了自蔓延高温合成反应火焰喷涂技术的基本规律和影响因素.提出了自蔓延高温合成反应喷涂的基本过程和热喷涂工艺条件下的反应机理,即经历反应孕育、飞行燃烧、碰撞、结构转变与凝固4个阶段形成目标涂层,研究了各工艺参数对涂层组织结构和机械物理性能的影响规律.     

冲击温度、压力对Ti-Si活性粉体自蔓延反应的影响

为解决在冲击加载条件下,冲击温度和冲击压力对Ti-Si活性粉体发生自蔓延反应影响的问题.一方面,采用相同强度的平面加载方式对不同密实度样品进行冲击处理,另一方面,采用不同强度的柱面加载方式对相同密实度样品进行冲击处理,分别研究冲击温度和冲击压力对Ti-Si活性粉体发生自蔓延反应的影响.采用XRD和SEM进一步确定Ti-Si活性粉体发生自蔓延反应的情况.实验结果表明,在平面加载条件下,较低密实度样品会发生自蔓延反应,即冲击温度较高有利于反应完全进行;在柱面加载条件下,较高密实度样品会发生自蔓延反应,即冲击压力较高有利于反应完全进行.      

自蔓延高温合成过程中蔓延波的特征

本文概述了材料的自蔓延高温合成（ＳＨＳ）的主要概念，并详细介绍ＳＨＳ过程中蔓延波的特征。根据温度分布及产物转化过程，蔓延波可分为四类：（１）具有很窄的反应区，在这个区域反应物迅速转变为产物；（２）具有较宽的反应区，反应过程强烈地受动力学控制；（３）在ＳＨＳ过程中具有相变发生；（４）在生成最终产物之前有中间化合物生成。     

On the relationship between drag and vertical velocity fluctuations in flow over riblets and liquid infused surfaces

Direct numerical simulations (DNS) of flow over triangular and rectangular riblets in a wide range of size and Reynolds number have been carried out. The flow within the grooves is directly resolved by exploiting the immersed-boundary method. It is found that the drag reduction property is primarily associated with the capability of inhibiting vertical velocity fluctuations at the plane of the crests, as in liquid-infused surfaces (LIS) devices. This is mimicked in DNS through artificial suppression of the vertical velocity component, which yields large drag decrease, proportionate to the riblets size. A parametrization of the drag reduction effect in terms of the vertical velocity variance is found to be quite successful in accounting for variation of the controlling parameters. A Moody-like friction diagram is thus introduced which incorporates the effect of slip velocity and a single, geometry-dependent parameter. Reduced drag-reduction efficiency of LIS-like riblets is found as compared to cases with artificially imposed slip velocity. Last, we find that simple wall models of riblets and LIS-like devices are unlikely to provide accurate prediction of the flow phenomenon, and direct resolution of flow within the grooves in necessary.     

TiC/Ni粉SHS法合成及(TiC/Ni)-Al涂层亚音速火焰喷涂制备

采用自蔓延燃烧合成(SHS)技术制备了TiC/Ni金属陶瓷粉.TiC颗粒尺寸与粘结相的比例有关,粘结相含量越少TiC颗粒尺寸越大,随后将TiC/Ni金属陶瓷粉破碎、过筛并与铝粉混合,采用亚音速火焰喷涂技术在钢基体上制备了(TiC/Ni)-Al金属陶瓷涂层,对TiC-40%Ni+A1复合涂层微观结构进行了分析.     

Catalytic synthesis of bamboo-like multiwall BN nanotubes via SHS-annealing process

Bamboo-like multiwall boron nitride (BN) nanotubes were synthesized via annealing porous precursor prepared by self-propagation high temperature synthesis (SHS) method. The as-synthesized BN nanotubes were characterized by the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), high-resolution TEM (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. These nanotubes have uniform diameters of about 60 nm and an average length of about 10 μm. Four growth models, including tip, base, based tip and base-tip growth models, are proposed based on the catalytic vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) growth mechanism for explaining the formation of the as-synthesized bamboo-like BN nanotubes. Chemical reactions and annealing mechanism are also discussed.     

SHS等离子喷涂制备FeAl2O4-Al2O3-Fe纳米复合涂层的研究

利用SHS等离子喷涂技术，将经过机械团聚法制备的Fe₂O₃-Al复合粉体送入等离子焰流，沉积出厚度约为400 μm的复合涂层.利用XRD，SEM 和TEM等检测手段对涂层的成分和组织进行了分析，测定了涂层的显微硬度、断裂韧性以及耐磨性.结果表明涂层为具有纳米结构的FeAl₂O₄-Al₂O₃-Fe纳米复合组织；涂层的显微硬度为HV_100g870；断裂韧性是普通Al₂O₃涂层的2倍；无润滑磨损的耐磨性是普通Al₂O₃涂层的2.5倍. 关键词： SHS等离子喷涂 纳米涂层 断裂韧性