Anodic behavior of nickel-based alloys in the electrolytic production of NF3

The Ni-based alloys, such as Ni-Co, Ni-Mn, Ni-Ag, Ni-Cu, Ni-Al and Ni-Si, prepared by hot isostatic pressing (HIP) at 1000 °C under 2 × 10⁸ Pa for 2 h were employed as the anodes for electrolytic production of NF₃. The current efficiencies for NF₃ formation were 42-38, 52-40, 52-47, 63-62, 50 and 41% for Ni-Co, Ni-Mn, Ni-Ag, Ni-Cu, Ni-Al and Ni-Si alloys, respectively. The current efficiencies only on Ni-Cu alloys with Cu concentrations lower than 10 mol% were almost the same as those on Ni sheet and HIPed Ni anodes, whereas those on the other alloys used in this study were smaller compared with those on both Ni anodes. On the other hand, the current losses caused by anodic dissolution of Ni-Co, Ni-Mn, Ni-Ag, Ni-Cu, Ni-Al and Ni-Si alloy electrodes were 7.95-4.42, 6.40-7.02, 5.60-6.30, 3.34-6.33, 5.10 and 0.18%, respectively. The anode consumptions of Ni-5 mol% Cu and Ni-5 mol% Si alloys were almost the same or smaller compared with those of Ni sheet and HIPed Ni electrodes, though those of other alloys used were large compared with those of both Ni anodes. Consequently, addition of Cu to the nickel matrix is available for a cheaper cost of anode with keeping a same current efficiency as that on the Ni anode and addition of Si to the nickel matrix is effective for decreasing anode consumption largely. A Ni sheet electrode containing a trace of impurities, such as Co, Mn, Ag and Al, is also favorable as the anode for electrolytic production of NF₃.     

Loss of stability by migration and chemical reaction of Santonox R in branched polyethylene under anaerobic and aerobic conditions

Plaques of branched polyethylene stabilized with 0.1 wt.% 4,4′-thiobis(6-tert-butyl-3-methylphenol) [Santonox^® R] were aged at different temperatures between 75 and 95 °C in anaerobic (nitrogen or water) and aerobic (air or water saturated with air) media. Antioxidant concentration profiles were obtained by oxidation induction time (OIT) measurements using differential scanning calorimetry. Results obtained by high performance liquid chromatography of extracts confirmed that the gradual decrease in OIT with increasing ageing time was due to migration of antioxidant to the surrounding medium. The antioxidant concentration profiles along the plaque thickness direction were flat in the plaques aged in the non-aqueous media indicating that the migration of antioxidant to the surrounding medium was controlled by the low evaporation rate at the material boundary. Crystals of antioxidant were detected by optical microscopy on the samples exposed to nitrogen. The similarity of the antioxidant concentration profiles obtained after ageing in nitrogen and in air suggested that the fraction of the antioxidant oxidized is negligible in comparison with the loss of antioxidant by migration to the surrounding media. The antioxidant concentration profiles along the plaque thickness direction obtained after ageing in water were less flat, suggesting faster dissolution in the water phase than evaporation in the case of non-aqueous ageing. The antioxidant diffusivity could be determined from the aqueous experiments and was in reasonable agreement with data reported by Moisan. For the samples exposed to water, the loss of antioxidant was faster from the samples exposed to water saturated with air. This difference is attributed to a faster degradation of the antioxidant in the oxygen-containing water phase increasing the mass transport from the polymer phase boundary to the water phase.     

一种低能耗污水处理技术

为研究低能耗污水处理技术,采用ABR(厌氧折流板)酸化反应器-两级人工湿地工艺处理生活污水.试验结果表明,本工艺对COD、BOD5、TN和TP平均去除率分别为92%、98%、29%、和64%,出水可以达到国家一级排放标准.该工艺适用于南方小城镇地区的污水分散处理.     

Kinetics of Growth and Nutrient Consumption in the Culture of Trichosanthes kirilowii Hairy Root

IntroductionThe hairy roots produced by Agrobacteriumrhizogenes infection are characterized by highgrowth rate and genetic stability. Thesegenetically transformed roots can produce similarhigher levels of secondary metabolites than intactplants[1] ,so hairy root cultures are a promisingmethod for producing valuable secondarymetabolites of many plants.Recently,two kindsof ribosome- inactivating proteins ( RIPs) [2 ] ,trichosanthin ( TCN ) [3 ] ,and TAP 2 9[4] wereidentified in Trichosanthes…     

老年人住宅建筑设计的新思考

针对老年人生活行为特征和老年人对住宅建设及住宅功能的需求，阐述了老年住宅建筑设计的原则，提出了老年住宅建筑设计的要点，强调了住宅建筑设计要以人为本和以老年人为核心的设计思想。     

智能仪表的低功耗设计

在生产、科研、国防等许多重要领域，智能仪表正在迅速取代传统仪表．单片机是智能仪表的核心，在一定意义上讲，智能仪表就是一个单片机应用系统．低功耗是智能仪表的关键技术之一．结合单片机技术及其他相关技术的新进展，研究了智能仪表的实用低功耗技术．对智能仪表的低功耗设计具有较好的指导作用．     

文峪河灌区开栅高耗水区节水措施研究

根据开栅高效水区的土层结构特点，分析了该区耗水量大的主要原因，比较研究了多种节水措施，并提出了合理可行的节水方案。     

关于水表管理中几个问题的探讨

水表是供水企业计量装置，水表的选用，水表的安装、维修、校验，水表的抄读管理，直接关系到企业的经济效益和服务质量，加大水表管理力度，是企业的一项重要的基础工作。     

工业及城市生活用水定额编制的探讨

在分析、考虑影响工业及城市生活用水定额主要因素的基础上，开发了工业及城市生活用水定额数据分析系统，将用水定额编制简单化，并可以用统一的标准来衡量。文章以实例介绍了用水定额数据分析系统在编制工业及城市生活用水定额中的应用。     

石嘴山二矿煤样程序升温自燃性测试研究

利用煤样程序升温自燃性测试实验装置，模拟煤自燃发火过程。通过考察煤样的煤温变化、氧气消耗量、一氧化碳产生量及其他气体的变化规律，并确定煤的临界温度、气体产生率、放热强度和极限参数，研究石嘴山二矿煤的自燃倾向性。为石嘴山二矿安全生产、自燃火灾的预测以及防灭火，提供依据。该实验数据精度在90%以上，能够很好的满足现场的要求。