关于地面辐射供暖的探讨

介绍了地面辐射供暖的发展概况、系统型式、构成特点及设计施工方法,通过工程实际提出目前地面辐射供暖在设计施工中存在的几个问题及改进方法,阐述了地面辐射供暖的优缺点和发展方向.     

Helium and point defect accumulation: (i) microstructure and mechanical behaviour

Ferritic/martensitic (F/M) steels are good candidate structural materials for the future fusion reactors and spallation sources. However, irradiation of steels is known to produce hardening, loss of ductility, shift in ductile to brittle transition temperature (DBTT) and reduction of fracture toughness and creep resistance starting at low doses. Helium (He), produced by transmutation during the irradiation, also impacts mechanical properties. Numerous experimental and theoretical studies on the evolution of the microstructure of steels under irradiation have been conducted until now. We review the effect of irradiation-induced point defects and in particular of He on the mechanical properties of F/M steels. To cite this article: R. Schäublin et al., C. R. Physique 9 (2008).     

地震作用下多层钢结构的抗力退化与倒塌预测

分析房屋结构的倒塌过程，使在某种程度上能预测强震作用下房屋的破坏状况，使所设计的房屋能满足“大震不倒”，故意义重大，判断结构倒塌危险程度，可以用抗力退化率作为指标，对于弹塑性地震反应，提出“机构坐标系”的概念，为不同破坏模式的框架结构提供一个统一的、易于判读抗力退化率的方法，数值分析和荷载试验的结果分析表明，对低层和多层钢框架来说，根据等效静力荷载作用下的弹塑性分析结果，可以简略地推断在水平地震作     

钢筋混凝土框架单调加载试验的计算机仿真系统

开发了钢筋混凝土框架单调加载试验的计算机仿真系统软件，该系统采用增量刚度法，考虑了材料非线性，几何非线性等因素的影响，对试验进行全过程分析，据此采用动画功能从角度把框架在试验过程中的性能和状态的变化形象生动地表现出来。     

集中配筋砌体在抗震设防区多层砌体房屋设计中的应用

集中配筋砌体是利用钢筋砼圈梁、构造柱和配筋带集中配筋构件来约束和强化砌体,使它在地震作用下“裂而不散”,并增强其受剪和受压承载力。应用实践表明,推广应用集中配筋多孔砖砌体是可行的。     

氢化－原子吸收法测定钢铁中砷量

本文应用连续蒸汽产生系统的氢化－原子吸收法，以王水溶解试样，加硫酸驱除过量硝酸。采用邻菲啉有效地掩蔽干扰元素，在适当的盐酸酸度和硼氢化钾浓度下，测定钢铁中砷量。采用本法准确度与精确度均能获满意结果，方法简便、快速。     

The aberration theory of a combined electron focusing–deflection system with a rotating deflection field following the rotation of the electrons

A new type of combined magnetic focusing–electrostatic deflection systems whose orientation of deflection field is rotated synchronously with the beam electrons is proposed. This rotation deflection field can be formed by twistification of tube wall electrode (TWE) deflectors. Formulae are derived for the first-order optical properties, third-order geometrical aberrations and first-order chromatic aberrations of this system. A program was written in FORTRAN for numerical computation. An example is given; the computation results show that compared to the conventional systems, the proposed new system has lower deflection aberration coefficients.     

Radiation attenuation and nuclear properties of high density concrete made with steel aggregates

Abstract

The fast neutron and gamma ray spectra measured behind different thickness of steel scrap concrete with density of 4 g/cm³ have been studied. The mix proportions by weight of this type of concrete were 1 cement: 6.89 steel scrap: 2.9 sand and 0.5 Water. Comparison with a standard ordinary concrete of density 2.3 g/cm³ have been carried out. The measurements were made using a collimated beam of both gamma rays and neutrons emitted from one of the horizontal channel of the Egyptian Research Reactor-1. A fast neutron and gamma ray spectrometer with a stilbene crystal was used to measure the spectra of fast neutrons and gamma rays. Pulse shape discrimination using the zero cross over technique was used to separate the photon pulses from the electron pulses. The equation due to Schmidt has been modified and applied for determining the neutron effective removal cross sections (～_R) for steel scrap, ordinary, hematite–serpentine, ilmenite–limonite and ilmenite concretes. This equation gives results which are in good agreement with the measured values. The derived empirical equation in a previous work to calculate the neutron integral flux behind different thicknesses of different types of concretes, gives good results for steel scrap concrete under investigation comparing with the corresponding experimental data. Total neutron macroscopic cross sections, linear attenuation coefficients for gamma rays and the half-value layers for both radiations at different energies have been obtained for steel scrap concrete and comparing with the corresponding values of ordinary concrete. The results show that steel scrap concrete is better than ordinary, hematite–serpentine, ilmenite–limonite and ilmenite concretes from the radiation shielding point of view.     

Effect of pulegone and pulegone oxide on the corrosion of steel in 1 <Emphasis Type="Italic">M</Emphasis> HCl

The inhibitive action of pulegone and pulegone oxide toward acid corrosion of steel in molar hydrochloric acid was studied by weight loss measurements, potentiodynamic polarization, and impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods. The pulegone is extracted starting from oil of Pennyroyal Mint (Mentha pulegium). The natural compound was found to delay the corrosion rate. The pulegone oxide is prepared by oxidation of pulegone. The inhibition efficiency was found to increase with the inhibitor content to attain 81 and 75% at 5 g dm⁻³ for pulegone and pulegone oxide. The increase in temperature leads to an increase in the inhibition efficiency of the natural compared. Correspondence: Belkheir Hammouti, Laboratoire de chimie Appliquée & Environnement, Faculté des Sciences, B.P. 717, 60000 Oujda, Morocco.     

高碘酸钾法测钢铁及合金中锰的改进建议

试样经酸溶解后,以磷酸-高氯酸混合酸(4 1)或(9 1)氧化至冒烟.在硫酸、磷酸介质中,用高碘酸钾将锰氧化到七价,测其吸光度.