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131.
Mona Wells Michael Gösch Hauke Harms Jan Roelof van der Meer 《Mikrochimica acta》2005,151(3-4):209-216
This paper describes the development of an analytical technique for arsenic analyses that is based on genetically-modified
bioreporter bacteria bearing a gene encoding for the production of a green fluorescent protein (gfp). Upon exposure to arsenic
(in the aqueous form of arsenite), the bioreporter production of the fluorescent reporter molecule is monitored spectroscopically.
We compared the response measured as a function of time and concentration by steady-state fluorimetry (SSF) to that measured
by epi-fluorescent microscopy (EFM). SSF is a bulk technique; as such it inherently yields less information, whereas EFM monitors
the response of many individual cells simultaneously and data can be processed in terms of population averages or subpopulations.
For the bioreporter strain used here, as well as for the literature we cite, the two techniques exhibit similar performance
characteristics. The results presented here show that the EFM technique can compete with SSF and shows substantially more
promise for future improvement; it is a matter of research interest to develop optimized methods of EFM image analysis and
statistical data treatment. EFM is a conduit for understanding the dynamics of individual cell response vs. population response, which is not only a matter of research interest, but is also promising in the practical terms of developing
micro-scale analysis. 相似文献
132.
V. V. Nikitenko A. I. Martynenko S. A. Ostrovsky V. V. Rusak V. V. Kryuchkov D. A. Topchiev 《Russian Chemical Bulletin》1993,42(2):378-380
3-Methyl-l-vinylpyrazole (M3VP) and 5-methyl-1-vinylpyrazole (M5VP) were isolated as individual substances by vacuum rectification of their mixture (M3VP: M5VP 60 40). For each of them the kinetics of free-radical polymerization in MeOH were measured at low conversions. In both cases the rate of polymerization is proportional to 0.5 order with respect to the initiator (AIBN) concentration. On the other hand, a first order of reaction with respect to monomer concentration is observed only when the latter is relatively low (3M). At higher initial concentrations of monomers the order of reaction becomes less than unity. The overall rate of polymerization for M5VP was higher than for M3VP, whereas the initiation rate remained constant in the whole range of monomer concentrations and did not depend on the exact structure of the monomer. The difference in the rates of polymerization observed for M3VP and M5VP is probably connected with the difference in the key parameterk
p/k
t
1/2
for each of the two isomers. It is concluded that the correct kinetic information about homo- and co-polymerization of M3VP and M5VP cannot be obtained without their adequate separation.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 2, pp. 413–415, February, 1993. 相似文献
133.
N-取代吩噻嗪和DDQ的电荷转移络合作用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
具有盼嘤酸化学结构的化合物有广泛的用途I‘-\其中吩嘤埃衍生物在医学上用作抗精神病药物特别受到药理学家们的注意,发现其药理作用与其分子提供电子的能力有关卜‘」但是我们应该注意到,作为抗精神病药物的吩嚷嚷衍生物,其吩座爆分子的氮原子都连有一个叔胺基链问,例如氯丙障(I)和奋乃静(11).而我们知道,胺类特别是叔胺类有强的提供电子的能力*;在上述的药物分子中是主要的提供电子因素,因此以这类化合物作为给体研究其供电子能力,是不能实际反映吩嘤嗓分子本身的给电子能力的.吩嘤噪类属于二苯并杂环化合物,分子中既… 相似文献
134.
Frey PA 《Chemical record (New York, N.Y.)》2001,1(4):277-289
Research on the mechanism of action of coenzyme B12, adenosylcobalamin, as a graduate student introduced the author to the field of organic free radicals in enzymology. Twenty years later, related work on S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a "poor man's coenzyme B12" was initiated in a detailed analysis of the mechanism of action of lysine 2,3-aminomutase (LAM). The interconversion of L-lysine and L-beta-lysine is catalyzed by LAM, which requires SAM, pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP), and a [4Fe-4S] cluster as coenzymes. The mechanism of this reaction has been delineated as a radical isomerization, in which radical formation is initiated by the [4Fe-4S]-dependent cleavage of the SAM into methionine and the 5'-deoxyadenosyl radical. The mechanism of this process is discussed, together with the role of this radical in hydrogen abstraction from lysine to initiate the substrate radical isomerization. The chemistry underlying the functions of SAM, PLP, and [4Fe-4S] in the action of LAM is novel in all respects, except for the formation of a lysine-PLP aldimine at the active site. Of the four free radicals in the mechanism, three have been characterized by EPR spectroscopy. In the suicide inactivation of adenosylcobalamin-dependent dioldehydrase (DDH) by glycolaldehyde, the formation of cob(II)alamin and 5'-deoxyadenosine is accompanied by the conversion of glycolaldehyde to cis-ethanesemidione radical at the active site. The cis-ethanesemidione radical has been characterized by EPR spectroscopy. Its exceptional stability at the active site is the basis for the inactivation of DDH by glycolaldehyde. 相似文献
135.
Paul D. Beer Zheng Chen Philip A. Gale Jennifer A. Heath Rachel J. Knubley Mark I. Ogden Michael G. B. Drew 《Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry》1994,19(1-4):343-359
The synthesis, metal, ammonium and alkyl ammonium cation coordination chemistry and electrochemical recognition studies of new diester-and diamide-calix[4]arenediquinone receptors are described. In addition the synthesis and coordination properties of a novel diamide benzo-15-crown-5-calix[4]arene molecule is reported.This paper is dedicated to the commemorative issue on the 50th anniversary of calixarenes. 相似文献
136.
137.
138.
Cd2+ complexes with antibiotics viz. neomycin, chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline, tetracycline, penicillin‐V and penicillin‐G as primary ligands and vitamin‐B5 as secondary ligand have been reported at pH = 7.30 ± 0.01 and μ = 1.0 M KNO3 at 298 K by polarographic technique.1 Cd2+ formed 1:1:1, 1:1:2, and 1:2:1 complexes with a stability constants trend of neomycin < chlortetracycline < oxytetracycline < tetracycline < penicillin‐V < penicillin‐G can be explained on the basis of the nature of ligands, bonding, and steric hindrance of these drugs. The nature of electrode processes were reversible and diffusion controlled. The values of stability constants showed that these drugs can be used to reduce the toxicity of Cd. 相似文献
139.
I. V. Dlinnykh G. A. Golubeva I. F. Leshcheva V. V. Nesterov M. Yu. Antipin L. A. Sviridova 《Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds》2004,40(9):1142-1149
The reaction of oxindoles with 5-hydroxypyrazolidines on the surface of potassium fluoride-modified alumina leads to 3-(5-pyrazolidinyl)oxindoles. The structure of these products was studied. 相似文献
140.
Börries Kübel 《Monatshefte für Chemie / Chemical Monthly》1982,113(6-7):781-792
Aliphatic amidoximesR—C (NH2)=NOH react with diketene to yield 5-acetonyl-3-alkyl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles, which are susceptible to a wide variety of reactions at the keto-group as well as at the methylene-group. Their transformations into 1-methyl-2-oxadiazolyl-vinylN,N-dimethylcarbamates, 2-chloro-1-oxadiazolylpropenes, 1-oxadiazolyl-2-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propenes, 1,1-dichloro-1-oxadiazolylacetones and 3-hydroxy-2-oxadiazolyl-crotonic amides are described as well as their reactions with diazonium salts, with sodium nitrite and with carbon disulfide. Further products obtained are carbamates of of 1-oxadiazolyl-2-oxo-propane-1-oximes, 2-chloro-2-oxadiazolylvinyl phosphates and an oxadiazolyl pyrimidine.
Herrn Prof. Dr.Klaus Weissermel zu seinem 60. Geburtstag. 相似文献