黄河三角洲外来入侵物种米草对海涂浮游植物的影响

2005年5、8、10月份对黄河三角洲米草分布区的无棣岔尖、东营市五号桩、小清河口的浮游植物作了调查监测,与1980年同期调查资料相比较,结果表明：米草分布已导致调查区浮游植物群落组成与结构的变化,浮游植物细胞总数显著增加,而浮游植物多样性除小清河口外,其它2个样区则明显降低。     

高原鼠兔与多种小型雪雀的相关性初探

对高原鼠兔（Ochotona curzoniae）与多种高山雪雀相关性研究,采用了以1公里为长、50米为宽的样线法,每天的观察数为三次,即早上、中午、傍晚,每次花半个小时,覆盖所有高山嵩草生态系统的生境。结果表明：在高原鼠兔栖息的生境中,多种高山雪雀数量多于未见鼠兔或相对密度低的生境结论。     

速生桉林间害虫调查研究

桉树是福建省主要造林树种,随着桉树面积的不断扩大,潜在的桉树害虫种类不断增多,为了有效地控制害虫的爆发,调查其害虫的种类和危害情况是基础。本文主要介绍桉树林间害虫种类,查明危害速生桉林害虫113种;确定主要虫害15种。     

速生桉林间害虫调查研究

桉树是福建省主要造林树种,随着桉树面积的不断扩大,潜在的桉树害虫种类不断增多,为了有效地控制害虫的爆发,调查其害虫的种类和危害情况是基础。本文主要介绍桉树林间害虫种类,查明危害速生桉林害虫113种;确定主要虫害15种。     

生物肥和菌肥对蓝莓苗生长及土壤养分的影响

【目的】研究生物肥和菌肥对蓝莓(Vaccinium spp.)苗木生长影响与土壤养分的变化规律,找出蓝莓苗木培育过程中适宜的肥料类型,为蓝莓的科学施肥提供理论依据。【方法】以2年生蓝莓 ‘布里吉塔’ 为试材,于生长季(6—11月)以不施肥(CK)为对照,比较酵素菌肥(T1)、EM菌堆肥 (T2)、木霉菌制剂 (T3)和枯草芽孢杆菌制剂 (T4)、阿维菌素有机肥 (T5) 这5种肥料处理对蓝莓苗木生长的影响及土壤养分含量差异。【结果】除T5处理基生枝条数量和T2 与T4处理叶片可溶性糖含量低于CK外,5种生物有机肥或微生物菌肥均能有效提高蓝莓基生枝条长度、粗度、百叶干质量、叶面积、基生枝条数量和冠幅,同时有利于叶片氮、磷、钾、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、总酚和叶绿素含量的积累;土壤中全氮、全磷、铵态氮、速效钾及pH均明显低于CK,硝态氮则略低于CK,而全钾、有效磷、有机质和土壤电导率(EC)值均高于CK。T3处理在促进基生枝条长度、百叶干质量、叶面积、基生枝条数量、冠幅、叶片氮和磷、可溶性糖、总酚及叶绿素含量等生理方面和增加土壤有机质、有效磷、全钾、EC值及降低土壤pH等土壤养分方面均优于其他处理。【结论】主成分分析发现不同生物肥和菌肥对蓝莓苗木生长及养分吸收影响效果依次为T3 > T2 > T1 > T4 > T5 > CK。说明5种施肥处理均能改善土壤环境并促进蓝莓苗木生长,其中木霉菌制剂效果最佳。     

Effects of In Vitro Digestion on Anti-α-Amylase and Cytotoxic Potentials of Sargassum spp.

This is the first study to examine the effects of in vitro digestion on biological activities of Sargassum spp., a broadly known brown seaweed for therapeutic potential. Three fractions (F1–F3) were obtained from hexane extract by column chromatography. Under in vitro simulated digestion, the anti-α-amylase capacity of F1 in oral and intestinal phases increases, while it significantly decreases in the gastric phase. The α-amylase inhibition of F2 promotes throughout all digestive stages while the activity of F3 significantly reduces. The cytotoxic activity of F1 against U266 cell-line accelerates over the oral, gastric, and intestinal stages. The fractions F2 and F3 exhibited the declined cytotoxic potentialities in oral and gastric phases, but they were strengthened under intestinal condition. Palmitic acid and fucosterol may play an active role in antidiabetic and cytotoxic activity against multiple myeloma U266 cell line of Sargassum spp. However, the involvement of other phytochemicals in the seaweed should be further investigated.     

33个杨柳品种指纹图谱构建

[目的]构建杨树与柳树优良品种的指纹图谱,对不同品种进行准确鉴定.[方法]利用柳树EST-SSR标记对33个杨树与柳树优良品种进行通用性检测及基因分型,通过核心引物间的组合构建品种指纹图谱.同时采用非加权组平均法进行聚类,分析各品种间亲缘关系.[结果]12个EST-SSR标记共扩增出97条等位片段,每个位点等位基因数5...     

棉花黄萎病菌拮抗木霉的筛选及其抑菌机制的研究

从实验室保存的8株高产胞外细胞壁降解酶的木霉菌株中筛选到一株对棉花黄萎病茵具有强烈抑制作用的木霉菌株SMF5．对其作用机制的研究表明,SMF5对棉花黄萎病茵的作用机制包括生境竞争、产生耐热代谢产物、产生细胞壁降解酶等．     

Active Flavonoids from Colubrina greggii var. greggii S. Watson against Clinical Isolates of Candida spp.

Candida albicans is the most commonly implicated agent in invasive human fungal infections. The disease could be presented as minimal symptomatic candidemia or can be fulminant sepsis. Candidemia is associated with a high rate of mortality and high healthcare and hospitalization costs. The surveillance programs have reported the distribution of other Candida species reflecting the trends and antifungal susceptibilities. Previous studies have demonstrated that C. glabrata more frequently presents fluconazole-resistant strains. Extracts from Mexican plants have been reported with activity against pulmonary mycosis, among them Colubrina greggii. In the present study, extracts from the aerial parts (leaves, flowers, and fruits) of this plant were evaluated against clinical isolates of several species of Candida (C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis, C. krusei, and C. tropicalis) by the broth microdilution assay. Through bioassay-guided fractionation, three antifungal glycosylated flavonoids were isolated and characterized. The isolated compounds showed antifungal activity only against C. glabrata resistant to fluconazole, and were non-toxic toward brine shrimp lethality bioassay and in vitro Vero cell line assay. The ethyl acetate and butanol extracts, as well as the fractions containing the mixture of flavonoids, were more active against Candida spp.     

竹荪(Dictyophora spp).栽培、病害防治与产品加工

竹荪Dictyophoraspp.是一种名贵食用真菌,具有极高的营养价值,作者基于对多个竹荪栽培场地进行调查了解的基础上对竹荪(尤其是红托竹荪DictyophorarubrovalvataZang,JietLiou)人工栽培、病害防治与产品加工中的一些问题进行了分析。作者在自身研究和吸收众多研究者栽培经验的基础上就红托竹荪人工栽培过程中生产场所的选择、原材料处理、环境及卫生条件控制、栽培管理以及采收与加工中值得注意的问题做了说明,强调竹荪人工栽培病虫害防治的综合措施。鉴于目前人们对食品安全问题的严重关切,提出从生产、加工、包装、检验和储藏等各个环节来保障竹荪的食品安全。