不同微生物菌剂对田间西红柿品质以及土壤酶活性的影响

对贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis)S3-1与桔黄假单胞菌(Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp.aurantiaca)JD37进行测定发现:两者都具有良好的促生能力.将两者制备成相应的液体肥料,施加于种植西红柿的土壤中,发现S3-1能更显著提升西红柿果实中的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、可滴定酸、抗坏血酸的含量.对西红柿根际土壤进行平板涂布,发现S3-1能够有效地阻挡更多微生物,尤其是细菌进入植物的根际.使用S3-1生物肥料后,西红柿的干重、根长未见明显变化.进一步的研究显示:S3-1生物肥料显著降低了土壤的脲酶活性,却对土壤蔗糖酶活性没有太大的影响.     

一株铜绿假单胞菌的溶磷特征及其对底泥中Pb的固定化

通过纯培养和模拟实验研究一株铜绿假单胞菌JM1对磷酸钙的溶解特征及其对底泥中Pb的固定化作用. 结果表明: 菌株JM1对磷酸钙和磷酸铝均具有溶解作用, 96 h内释放的溶解性正磷酸盐的质量浓度分别为240.63,92.73 mg/L, 培养液pH值分别下降至464,512, 菌株JM1还可以利用卵磷脂进行生长但不释放磷酸根离子; 菌株JM1使灭菌底泥与不灭菌底泥中固定化Pb的质量比分别增加至14.02,11.83 mg/kg, 即菌株JM1对底泥中的Pb具有较强的固定能力.     

Biocatalytic Synthesis of Pyruvate from DL-lactate with Enzymes in Pseudomonas sp.

Pyruvate has received increasing attention in recent years as a potential precursor for the synthesis of L-amino acids1. Compared with other small non-chiral building blocks, pyruvate is relatively expensive. Conventional processes for preparing pyruvate include a process comprising reacting sodium cyanide and acetyl chloride to synthesize acetyl cyanide and hydrolyzing the acetyl cyanide, and a process comprising reacting tartaric acid and potassium hydrogen sulfate. These processes not on…     

Studies on Locusts‘ Pathogenesis and Energy Metabolic Inhibition Induced by the Insecticidal Protein Purified from Pseudomonas Pseudoalcaligenes

The insecticidal protein produced by Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes is purified from the suspension of the bacterial culture. As an intact molecule, the protein acts on the foregut, midgut, hindgut, vasa Malpighii and fat body, and kills locusts. The disinsection rates of feeding and injection are 63.3% and 65.7%, respectively. After 24h to 48h, it is observed that all these tissues and cells show pathological changes in varying degrees, and so did the host cellular organs of these cells, such as cytoblast, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and ribosome. Particularly, the changes of the mitochondria are much more serious than those of others. Detection of oxygen electrode shows the efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation and the ATP synthesis decreases, while the activity of mitochondrial ATPase is almost not affected. That means the energy utilization of locusts is in gear, but the shortage of the supplying of energy results in their death. This research forms the substantial basis for controlling locusts.     

Pseudomonas putida KT2442制备中长链聚羟基烷酸酯

初步探讨了利用Pseudomonas putida KT2442制备中长链聚羟基烷酸酯(MCL-PHAs)的工艺,考察了不同碳源对菌体生长和产物合成的影响.在2.5 L发酵罐上采用高密度细胞培养制备以油酸为碳源,细胞干重达120g/L,MCL-PHAs质量浓度达40g/L,产物质量分数为34%,生产速率为0.965 g·L-1·h-1;以玉米油水解物为碳源,细胞干重达105g/L,MCL-PHAs达28g/L,产物质量分数为26.5%,生产速率为0.667 g·L-1·h-1.以玉米油水解物为碳源所得细胞浓度、产物浓度与以油酸为碳源所得结果比较接近,有利于降低生产成本.     

筛选假单胞菌株M18防治大棚黄瓜枯萎病害

设计了一种新的高效筛选程序,从植物根际土壤中分离出一株具有ＡＣＣ脱氨酶活性的促生拮抗双功能假单胞菌株Ｍ１８．在培养皿中,Ｍ１８能有效地抑制黄瓜枯萎病菌以及多种其他枯萎病原菌和植物病原菌的生长．Ｍ１８活菌浸种处理春黄瓜种子以及在大棚定植后根际土壤浇灌的试验中,与对照组相比,黄瓜枯萎病的株发病率降低７０％～８０％,霜霉病的发病率和病情指数都同时平均下降７０％左右,黄瓜产量提高２０％以上,每公顷可增加产值０．９万元以上,Ｍ１８的生物防治效果达到极显著程度．