用面向对象方法实现基于图符的数据和知识可视接口

提出了综合多种知识表示模式特点的图符对象知识模型，并将该模型用于实现图符可视接口．给出了基于图符可视接口的程序运行模式，用面向对象方法设计并实现了图符可视接口设计系统，该系统的目标是生成应用程序的接口代码，提出的图符可视接口的特点是便于用户直接操纵应用系统，有较高的智能化程度     

Injection-moulded α- and β-polypropylenes: I. Structure vs. processing parameters

The paper studies the effects of mould temperature and holding pressure on the structure of neat and β-nucleated isotactic polypropylenes. Commercially available isotactic polypropylene was modified with a β-specific nucleator based on N,N′-dicyclohexylnaphthalene-2,6-dicarboxamide in the concentration of 0.03 wt.%. From both the original material (α-iPP) and the β-nucleated material (β-iPP), dog bone-shaped test specimens were injection-moulded, using two sets of processing parameters. In the T-set the mould temperature was varied within the range of 40-120 °C in 10 °C steps, while in the P-set the holding pressure was changed from 5 to 13 MPa in 1 MPa steps. Other processing parameters were kept on the same level. Polarized-light microscopy showed a strong effect of mould temperature on the morphology of α-iPP specimens; the skin thinned out and the spherulite size increased with mould temperature rise. On the other hand, in the case of β-iPP only the skin thickness was correspondingly affected, while the spherulite size remained virtually constant, independent of the mould temperature changes. At the same structure level, both α-iPP and β-iPP specimens were insensitive to holding pressure variations. Polymorphic composition derived from wide-angle X-ray scattering displayed similar range of changes induced by variations of the processing parameters for both materials. The increase of mould temperature positively influenced the crystallinity and the β-form content, particularly in the skin of specimens. On the contrary, higher holding pressure depressed the crystallinity proportionally within the bulk of specimens.     

Vanadium Nitride Films Formed by Rapid Thermal Processing (RTP): Depth Profiles and Interface Reactions Studied by Complementary Analytical Techniques

The nitridation of vanadium films in molecular nitrogen and ammonia using a RTP‐system was investigated. The V films were deposited on silicon substrates covered by 100 nm thermal SiO₂. For a few experiments sapphire substrates were used. Nitride formation at high temperatures (900 and 1100 °C) and interface reactions and diffusion of oxygen out of the SiO₂‐layer into the metal lattice at moderate temperatures (600 and 700 °C) were studied. For characterisation complementary analytical methods were used: X‐ray diffraction (XRD) for phase analysis, secondary neutral mass spectrometry (SNMS) and Rutherford Backscattering (RBS) for acquisition of depth profiles of V, N, O, C and Si, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in combination with electron energy filtering for imaging element distributions (EFTEM) and recording electron energy loss spectra (EELS) to obtain detailed information about the initial stages of nitride, oxide and oxynitride formation, respectively, and the microstructure and element distributions of the films. In these experiments the SiO₂‐layer acts as diffusion barrier for nitrogen and source for oxygen causing the formation of substoichiometric vanadium oxides and oxynitrides near the V/SiO₂‐interface primarily at temperatures ≤ 900 °C. At a temperature of 1100 °C just a small amount of oxynitride forms near the interface because rapid diffusion of nitrogen and fast formation of VN (diffusion barrier for oxygen) inhibit the outdiffusion of oxygen into the metal layer. In the 600 °C regime, in argon atmosphere oxynitride phases observed in the surface region of these films originate from reaction of residual oxygen in the argon gas, whereas NH₃ as process gas does not lead to oxide or oxynitride formation at the surface (apart from the oxidation caused by storage). NH₃ seems to support the diffusion of oxygen out of the SiO₂‐layer. During the decomposition of ammonia at higher temperatures hydrogen is formed, which could attack the SiO₂. In contrast, sapphire substrates do not act as oxygen source in the 600 °C regime and change the nitridation behaviour of the vanadium films.     

Injection-moulded α- and β-polypropylenes: II. Tensile properties vs. processing parameters

Resuming our comprehensive study, present Part II directs attention towards the effects of mould temperature and holding pressure on the tensile properties of neat and β-nucleated isotactic polypropylenes. A commercial-grade of isotactic polypropylene was modified with a β-specific nucleator. From both the original material (α-iPP) and the β-nucleated material (β-iPP), tensile test specimens were injection-moulded. Stress-strain measurements performed at room temperature revealed a positive influence of higher mould temperatures but negligible effect of holding pressure on the elastic modulus of injection-moulded specimens. It was suggested that at optimum processing conditions the elastic modulus of both α- and β-iPP may be comparable. The softening effect of β-form manifested itself in systematically lower yield stress values of β-iPP as compared to α-iPP. The yield strain of both α- and β-iPP decreased with the increase of mould temperature and the decrease of holding pressure. Prolonged solidification times at higher mould temperatures negatively influenced the strain at break of the specimens; the values of β-iPP exceeded by several folds those of α-iPP. The stress at break of β-iPP decreased correspondingly to strain at break. On the contrary, the increase of strain at break in α-iPP was followed by a decrease of stress at break.     

套管图像自动编辑系统研究

通过对套管图像上的数字信息的识别，把采集到的图像按深度整理，为系统对整个油井套管的后续处理提供方便．     

茂金属 乙烯的流变性与加工性

研究了丁烯－１共聚的茂金属聚乙烯（mＰＥ）的流变性,发现茂金属聚乙烯的窄分子量分 布导致它在挤出加工剪切范围里熔体粘度高、对剪切敏感性差以及熔体从牛顿型转为非牛顿型所需的剪切速率、转变应力高,在挤出加工条件下流动性差,加工困难。对茂金属聚乙烯（mＰＥ）进行改性制得ＭmＰＥ,ＭmＰＥ熔体对温度、剪切速率的敏感性提高,在加工温 度、加工剪切范围里的天观粘度降低,加工流动性得到了显著的改进,可在普通聚乙烯加工     

一种异步多线程的Web数据流高效处理模型

提出并实现了异步多线程的Web数据流高效处理模型．主要工作包括：(1)分析了传统web数据流处理模式并发处理机制的不足,用大流量并发请求和复杂数据流环境的实验揭示了传统模式的弱点;(2)提出了一种新的基于分而治之思想的多线程缓冲处理模型MTBP(Multithreads-buffering Processing Model),它利用异步处理机制高效灵活地处理各类复杂的web数据流;(3)提出了MTBP模式用于处理并发可串行化事务的调度算法CSTS;(4)实验验证MTBPCSTS对大量并发数据流请求的处理速度提高到2倍以上,对复杂数据流处理的响应速度提高到1个数量级以上．     

Preparation and porous control of amorphous carbons by co-defluorination of perfluorooctane and octafluorotoluene in vapor phases at 423 K

Two types of perfluorocarbon compounds, aliphatic perfluorooctane and aromatic octafluorotoluene, were co-defluorinated using sodium metal, and amorphous carbons were deposited from the vapor phase at very low temperature, 423 K. The products showed morphologies composed of fibrous, platelet, and spherical forms, which were dependent on the mixing ratio of the two. The BET surface areas also correlated well with the ratio of the starting mixtures, indicating that the surface area could be adjusted by changing the mixing ratio of these two compounds. However, when the carbonaceous product was further annealed in situ at 573 or 673 K, the porosities also modified. First the porosity decreased at 573 K, then increased greatly at 673 K, where radical interaction to shrink the pores and crystal growth of template fluoride occurred at 573 K and 673 K, respectively.     

三维空间尺寸链计算的一种新方法

本文对空间尺寸链计算问题提出了一种较为新颖的理论及解法,克服了以往空间足寸链计算中先分解后合成的复杂多变的高难度计算.该法不仅准确度高,而且计算速度快.使得机械设计的许多机构运动及相关的空间尺寸计算迎刃而解.在缩短设计周期及结构优化方面其效果是令人满意的.