液压四足机器人新型腿结构设计与性能分析

为实现机器人的高负载、不平地面的高适应性运动要求,设计了一种新型的液压四足机器人腿结构。提出了腿模块机构,是带有平行四边形结构的四连杆腿模块机构,与传统的曲柄滑块四连杆机构进行了运动分析比较。基于MATLAB的SimMechanics软件模块,进行了仿真分析。结果表明带有平行四边形结构的四连杆腿模块机构具有较好的传动性能,该种腿结构的液压缸运动更为平稳,可确保机器人整体性能的优越性,为液压驱动的足式机器人腿结构设计提供新的设计途径。     

梁格法在斜腿刚架桥结构分析中的应用

为对小跨径变截面斜腿刚架桥进行准确而简便的分析计算,采用梁格法并通过动静载试验与有限元计算结果进行验证,提出在建立梁格模型时应对计算跨径和斜腿刚域进行合理的模拟,所得结果满足精度要求.     

Optimal Fuzzy PID Controller with Adjustable Factors and Its Application to Intelligent Artificial Legs

A new kind of optimal fuzzy PID controller is proposed, which contains two parts. One is an on-line fuzzy inference mechanism and another is a conventional PID controller. In the fuzzy inference mecha-nism, three adjustable factors χp, χi, and χd are introduced. Their function is to further modify and op-timize the result of the fuzzy inference to make the controller have the optimal control effect on a given ob-ject. The optimal values of these factors are determined based on the ITAE criterion and the flexible poly-hedron search algorithm of Nelder and Mead. This PID controller has been used to control a D.C. motor of the intelligent artificial leg designed by the authors. The result of computer simulation indicates that the design of this controller is very effective and can be widely used to control different kinds of objects and processes.     

跨栏步中起跨距离和下栏距离及摆动腿动作的研究

对甘肃省5所体育运动学校男子跨栏运动员的训练情况进行跟踪调查．研究了跨栏步的长短和比例以及摆动腿的技术动作．结果表明,合理的起跨距离和规范的摆动腿动作是提高跨栏成绩的主要因素．     

基于AQWA的轻型张力腿平台型式研究

随着全球能源危机的出现以及陆地现有资源的日益枯竭,各国相继把目光投向了海洋。我国南海水域蕴含丰富的石油资源,开发设计适宜于此水域边际范围(100 m—300 m)水深的海洋平台具有重要的实际意义。结合水动力分析软件ANSYS/AQWA,计算了三种型式的轻型张力腿平台在规则波下六个自由度上的运动响应幅值算子(RAOs)。结合平台的造价以及建造工艺,选取最佳的平台型式,并在不规则波作用下进行数值分析,得到时间历程结果。研究结果对中浅水域张力腿平台的选取具有一定的参考价值。     

对标枪最后用力左侧支撑技术的分析

掷标枪是一项复杂的技术,在标枪的“持枪与握枪、助跑、最后用力和出手后的平衡”四个技术部分中,最后用力起着至关重要的作用。而在最后用力技术环节中,左侧支撑技术的好坏,直接影响力的传递和用力的效果,进而影响投掷成绩。     

Numerical simulations of counter-current two-phase flow experiments in a PWR hot leg model using an interfacial area density model

In order to improve the understanding of counter-current two-phase flows and to validate new physical models, CFD simulations of 1/3rd scale model of the hot leg of a German Konvoi PWR with rectangular cross section was performed. Selected counter-current flow limitation (CCFL) experiments at the Helmholtz–Zentrum Dresden–Rossendorf (HZDR) were calculated with ANSYS CFX 12.1 using the multi-fluid Euler–Euler modeling approach. The transient calculations were carried out using a gas/liquid inhomogeneous multiphase flow model coupled with a k-ω turbulence model for each phase. In the simulation, the surface drag was approached by a new correlation inside the Algebraic Interfacial Area Density (AIAD) model. The AIAD model allows the detection of the morphological form of the two phase flow and the corresponding switching via a blending function of each correlation from one object pair to another. As a result this model can distinguish between bubbles, droplets and the free surface using the local liquid phase volume fraction value. A comparison with the high-speed video observations shows a good qualitative agreement. The results indicated that quantitative agreement of the CCFL characteristics between calculation and experimental data was obtained. The goal is to provide an easy usable AIAD framework for all Code users, with the possibility of the implementation of their own correlations.     

异构双腿机器人步态规划与控制实现

为了给智能仿生腿的开发提供一个理想的研究平台,提出了异构双腿行走机器人(BRHL)这一全新的类人机器人模式.首先阐述了BRHL的概念及研究意义,然后基于分割建模思想给出了BRHL的协调动力学模型.提出了修正的Sigmoid磁流变阻尼器建模方法并进行了实验建模.详细阐述了基于步态跟随的BRHL步态规划方法并进行了仿真.最后给出了BRHL的控制系统设计,利用Pro/E,ADAMS及MATLAB/Simulink对BRHL进行了虚拟样机联合控制仿真.仿真结果表明,基于MR阻尼器控制的仿生腿能够很好地实现对人工腿的步态跟随.     

假肢踝关节机构的仿生设计

为了扩大假肢踝关节的功能范围,本文对九杆二自由度的连杆踝关节机构进行了研究.这种假肢踝关节除了具有目前国产假肢踝关节的功能以外,还具有以下特点:第一,在不增加辅助动作的情况下,适应截肢者的下蹲动作;第二,将摆动中期的功能长度缩短1.3～1.7cm;第三,适应后跟高度在0～3.5cm 范围内的任意一种鞋.     

跳远技术分析及教学方法

目的：通过对跳远的技术分析及教学方法的研究,使运动员能够快速获得正确的助跑、踏跳、腾空和落地的运动基本知识。通过对助跑的技术分析,使运动员能够快速掌握确定助跑距离及助跑的形成;通过对踏跳的技术分析,使运动员能够正确掌握起跳腿、起跳脚、踏跳板的配合及胯、膝、踝的伸展,充分施展踏跳时的爆发力,掌握踏跳时的起跳角度和水平速度;通过对腾空的技术分析,使运动员能够正确掌握摆动腿、起跳腿、躯干和手臂的角度、部位、空中高度及其用力方法和运行轨迹;通过对落地的技术分析,使运动员能够正确掌握最佳落地姿势从而提高落地动作的效率。