黄原酸化改性凹凸棒土对Pb2+的去除性能

以NaOH和CS₂为黄原酸化剂,MgSO₄为稳定剂,黄原酸化改性凹凸棒原土(N-XAP)制得了黄原酸化凹凸棒土(X-ATP).X-ATP对Pb²⁺具有良好的吸附性能,采用单因素试验得到在其处理含Pb²⁺模拟废水时的最佳条件为温度20～25 ℃、起始质量浓度400 mg·L^-1、吸附剂质量浓度2.0 g·L^-1、pH值5.0～6.0、振荡吸附时间30 min.最高去除率可达99.82%,Pb²⁺残余质量浓度为0.720 0 mg·L^-1,低于国家1级排放标准.对X-ATP及其原料进行了SEM、XRD和粒度分析等结构表征,进一步佐证了其对Pb²⁺的良好吸附性能.     

Pb（NO3）2 Mediated Synthesis of Pyrazine

Lead nitrate was used as an efficient catalyst in the oxidation and condensation reaction of hydroxy ketone with diamine leading to the formation of pyrazine derivatives in excellent yields.     

最弱受约束电子势模型下PbⅡ离子Rydberg态能级研究

在最弱受约束电子势模型理论框架下,通过对最弱受约束电子的识别,将Martin关于单价原子量子亏损的公式推广到了多价原子(离子)系统.本文依此计算了PbⅡ离子的几个Rydberg系列能级,结果与实验值符合较好.     

极谱分析法连续测定痕量铅和镉

研究了 Pb2 + 和 Cd2 + 与 KCl-酒石酸钠 -三乙醇胺 -明胶体系的二次导数极谱波。在 p H=4 .5的 HAc-Na Ac介质中 ,Pb2 + 和 Cd2 + 分别于 - 0 .4 6 V和 - 0 .6 4V电位处产生一良好的极谱波。峰电流与 Pb2 + 和Cd2 + 的浓度分别在 1× 10 -5— 3× 10 -1g· L-1和 5× 10 -5— 6× 10 -3 g· L-1范围内呈线性关系。 Pb2 + 和Cd2 +的检出限分别为 1× 10 -7g·L-1和 5× 10 -7g·L-1。本法准确、简便、快速、选择性高。已直接用于饮料中铅和镉的连续测定 ,同时也对酒及面粉样品进行了测定 ,回收率分别为 99.9%— 10 0 .1%和 97.0 %—10 4 .8%。     

U and Th thin film neutron dosimetry for fission-track dating: application to the age standard Moldavite

Neutron dosimetry based on U and Th thin films was used for fission-track dating of the age standard Moldavite, the central European tektite, from the Middle Miocene deposit of Jankov (southern Bohemia, Czech Republic). Our fission-track age () agrees with a recent ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar age, , based on several determinations on Moldavites from different sediments, including the Jankov deposit. This result indicates that the U and Th thin film neutron dosimetry represents a reliable alternative for an absolute approach in fission-track dating.     

Sediment dating by luminescence: a review

In the present article we review applications of luminescence methods for the determination of the age of sediments for Quaternary Earth science. “Sediment” is taken to include any mineral particles transported by wind, water and/or ice and subsequently deposited. Methodology is not discussed per se but appears in context. The emphasis is on recent work and is illustrative rather than exhaustive. Applications in archaeology are mentioned only briefly. Successful dating requires that the luminescence signal has been zeroed by sunlight at the time the sediment was laid down. Dune sands and loess transported in full daylight usually satisfy this condition and have been dated by both traditional thermoluminescence and by optical methods. Optical dating is advantageous for less well-bleached sediments, such as are found in colder climates and those laid down by fluvial and glacial processes, although the prospects for dating the latter are shown to be poor. Among less common contexts are volcanic eruptions, earthquake faults and tsunami deposits. The dating of very young sediments, less than 2 ka, is demonstrated and the factors limiting the dating of very old sediments, 500 ka to 1 Ma, are discussed. Validation of any dating method by comparison with other methods is necessary; luminescence ages have been successfully compared with ages obtained by, for example, ¹⁴C, U–Th series and δ¹⁸O isotope ratios. The most difficult problems encountered in dating quartz, feldspars and undifferentiated fine grain mixtures include: anomalous fading (which leads to underestimates of age), incomplete zeroing (which gives overestimates) and sample inhomogeneity. Methods devised to minimise these effects include preheating regimes, selection of observing wavelengths and of stimulating wavelengths for optical dating, the use of single aliquot and single grain measurements. The use of appropriate data analysis procedures is also important. Advice on current best practice on procedures for obtaining reliable ages is offered and, in all applications, there are suggestions as to where further research might be directed.     

原子吸收法直接测定食用L-赖氨酸盐酸盐中的铜和铅

本文报道了用石墨炉-原子吸收分析法，将食用L-赖氨酸盐样品经稀酸溶解后，直接进样测定。该方法省去了通常必需的干灰化或湿消解过程，充分利用石墨炉本身所具的对样品进行部分预处理的功能，在无基体改进剂的条件下，快速测定样品中的Cu和Pb的含量。方法简便，快速，准确，实用，Cu和Pb的精密度试验的相对标准偏差分别为4.8%和5.3%；回收率分别为100%-110%和102%-105%。     

Emissionsspektroskopie mit induktiv gekoppelter Plasmaflamme als Detektor zur Elementanalyse nach gas-chromatographischer Trennung

Zusammenfassung Die Kombination eines Gas-Chromatographen mit dem Stickstoff/Argon-Plasma (ICPOES) bei hoher Leistung wird beschrieben und mit Pb- und Si-haltigen organischen Verbindungen getestet. Die direkte Anpassung von GC-Ausgang und Gaseinlaß am ICP-Brennersystem sowie das Aufheizen der Verbindung und des Trägergases ermöglichen die Eingabe kleiner Gasmengen in das Plasma. Die Ergebnisse dieser ersten Studien lassen erkennen, daß sich die ICPOES zur Lösung zahlreicher Probleme im Bereich der Spurenanalyse, der Anreicherung und gas-chromatographischen Trennung organischer Metallkomplexe wird einsetzen lassen, wenn die ICP-Anregung als Detektor in Verbindung mit einem Simultanspektrometer eingesetzt wird. Die Empfindlichkeit des N₂-/Ar-Plasmas bei hoher Leistung wird mit derjenigen des Ar-Plasmas bei niedriger Leistung verglichen. Als analytisches Beispiel wird die Bestimmung geringer Pb-Gehalte in Benzinen beschrieben, wobei auch das Verhältnis Bleitetraethyl/-tetramethyl bekannt wird.

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ICP optical emission spectrometry as a detector for elemental analysis after gas-chromatographic separation

Summary The combination of a gas-chromatographic device with high-power nitrogen/argon inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICPOES) is described and tested with Pb and Si containing organic compounds. The direct combination of the GC output with the input tube of the ICP burner system and a heating-up device of the carrier gas make it possible to introduce small gas amounts into the ICP torch. The results of these studies suggest that ICP-OES should be applicable to solve many problems of trace elemental analysis, preconcentration and GC separation of organic metal complexes by using the ICP source as a detector system in connection with the simultaneous OES. The sensitivity of high-power nitrogen/ argon ICP is compared with that of low-power argon ICP. For example the determination of low contents of lead in petrol or fuels is given in detail. The ratio of lead tetraethyl/tetramethyl can be determined, too.

     

肾病综合症、过敏性紫癜患儿血清原中铅含量研究

采用原子吸收光谱法，测定了肾病综合症、过敏性紫癜患儿血清和尿中铅含量，均高于近期国内外报道允许正常值，给临床治疗和诊断提供了一个新的研究途径。     

绍兴市居民铅负荷水平的调查

调查了绍兴市１２９名中学教师的铅负荷水平。