微型化快速病原体检测生物分析装置的研制

研制一种能够快速检测和筛选细菌以及病毒微生物,并且能够对动物体内致病载体进行现场监测的完整的微分析装置具有十分重大的意义.这种便携式的生物分析系统不需要繁杂的仪器设备就能进行复杂的生物样品分析,并由一般的未经训练的个体在短时间内完成操作过程.     

Recent trends and advances in microbial electrochemical sensing technologies: An overview

Microbial electrochemical systems utilize the electrochemical interaction between microorganisms and electrode surfaces to convert chemical energy into electrical energy, offering a promise as technologies for wastewater treatment, bioremediation, and biofuel production. Recently, growing research attention has been devoted to the development of microbial electrochemical sensrs as biosensing platforms. Microbial electrochemical sensors are a type of microbial electrochemical technology (MET) capable of sensing through the anodic or the cathodic electroactive microorganisms and/or biofilms. Herein, we review and summarize the recent advances in the design of microbial electrochemical sensing approaches with a specific overview and discussion of anodic and cathodic microbial electrochemical sensor devices, highlighting both the advantages and disadvantages. Particular emphasis is given on the current trends and strategies in the design of low-cost, convenient, efficient, and high performing METs with different biosensing applications, including toxicity monitoring, pathogen detection, corrosion monitoring, as well as measurements of biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, and dissolved oxygen. The conclusion provides perspectives and an outlook to understand the shortcomings in the design, development status, and sensing applications of microbial electrochemical platforms. Namely, we discuss key challenges that limit the practical implementation of METs for sensing purposes and deliberate potential solutions, necessary developments, and improvements in the field.     

慢性阻塞性肺病患者下呼吸道感染病原菌的现状

目的 :了解慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD)患者下呼吸道感染病原菌的现状。方法 :对 10 4例 COPD患者下呼吸道感染病原菌情况进行了回顾分析。结果 :10 4例 COPD患者中有 6 3例病原菌阳性 ,在 6 3例中 ,院内感染 2 1例 ,院外感染 42例。院内感染者在发病前均使用了抗生素 ,占 10 0 % ,而院外感染者使用抗生素率为 5 4.8% ,无论是院内还是院外感染组均以革兰氏阴性杆菌为主 (6 6 .7%、83.3% ) ,其中院内感染以绿脓杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌感染为主 ;院外感染则以大肠杆菌、克雷伯杆菌感染为多。院内感染者死亡率明显高于院外感染者 (2 3.8%、2 .4% )。结论 :COPD患者下呼吸道感染时 ,无论是院内还是院外感染均以革兰氏阴性菌为主 ,而院内感染者病情重、预后差。     

一类多菌株STD模型的共存性

我们已经研究过一类拥有两种菌株的异性传播的性传染病模型.得到了边界平衡点稳定的充要条件,并确认在边界平衡点的稳定性和正平衡点的存在性之间存在着很强的联系.但是只给出了特殊条件下正平衡点稳定的充要条件,这篇文章将就以前没解决的问题,对这类模型给出完整的分析.     

鲤鱼竖鳞病病原菌的生长特性和疫苗制备

在对鲤鱼竖鳞病原菌－豚鼠气单胞菌的生长特性进行了研究的基础上，通过对多种培养方法和菌苗灭活方法的比较，提出了鲤鱼竖鳞病疫苗的制备工艺。     

GC–MS analysis and anti–microbial activity of Prunella vulgaris L. extracts

In this study, the chemical composition of the methanol, hexane and ethyl acetate extracts of Prunella vulgaris L. were investigated by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) method. 2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzaldehyde (15.70%), linolenic acid (45.50%) and icosane (16.24%) were found to be the most abundant in methanol, hexane and ethyl acetate extracts, respectively. Following the determination of chemical components of the Prunella vulgaris L. extracts, their anti–microbial activities against certain human pathogenic bacteria were tested and minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were determined. While some extracts of Prunella vulgaris L. show anti–microbial activity well above the standards (penicillin and tetracycline), it was determined that in general all the extracts showed good anti–microbial activity against these pathogenic bacteria.     

中华鳖温和气单胞菌病的病原研究

从表现为背腹甲及四肢出现疖疮、裙边糜烂的患病鳖的心血、肝脏及腹腔液中分离到 NL、Nb1和Nb2 三株细菌 .经菌体形态特征、培养特性和生理生化特性测定 ,均鉴定为温和气单胞菌 ( Aeromonassobria) .小白鼠感染试验显示三株菌均有毒力 ,用 9× 10 8CFU/m LNL 菌株进行人工感染 30～ 4 0 g健康鳖 ,发病率为 10 0 % .从感染鳖的肝脏中分离到与原分离株形态及生理生化特性相同的菌株 .用 NL 菌株制备的抗血清分别与 Nb1和 Nb2 菌株进行玻板凝集试验 ,能发生明显的凝集反应 .药敏试验结果表明 :三株细菌对菌必治、头孢氨噻肟、头孢羧甲噻肟均呈高度敏感