太平洋地区地球主磁场长期变化特征的研究

研究太平洋地区主磁场的长期变化特征,对揭示该地区的“偶极子窗”的时间演变和长期变化规律有重要意义. 作者使用最新的国际地磁参考场IGRF13模型资料,分析1900—2020年期间太平洋地区主磁场的长期变化特征. 结果表明1900—2020年太平洋地区主磁场的空间展布符合“太平洋偶极子窗”的分布特征. 该地区主磁场的长期变化在赤道以北为缓慢变化,以南则是较快变化. 偶极子场成分变化缓慢,非偶极子场成分变化较快. 非偶极子场的长期变化以西向漂移为主,但各分量的西漂速率有显著的差异. 垂直分量（Z）和北向分量（X）的西漂速率分别为0.23°/a和0.21°/a,均接近于0.2°/a的全球非偶极子西漂速率;东向分量（Y）的西漂速率为0.17°/a,低于全球非偶极子西漂速率. Y分量的长期变化在34°N附近发生扭曲并且在北太平洋表现为缓慢东漂,这一长期变化特征可能与太平洋北部的30°N和45°N之间在核幔边界处存在的古板块的俯冲过程有关.     

西北太平洋环流和海温数值模拟

基于Ecom-si建立了一个西北太平洋海洋数值模式,综合考虑了侧边界通量、海表面风应力、热通量、蒸发和降水等因素,模拟并分析了西北太平洋环流和海温的基本特征.模式验证结果表明,模式计算的海温与日本2008年西北太平洋实测温度走航断面资料吻合良好.模式再现了低纬度海区表层自东向西流动的北赤道流、强西边界流黑潮、东海的台湾...     

西北太平洋打转台风的时空规律

以西北太平洋打转台风(分为顺时针与逆时针两类)为例,研究了1949～2011年期间打转台风的时空规律.结果表明:打转台风主要发生在洋面,主要分布在110°E～150°E、10°N～30°N区域范围内.台风打转后的发展方向以偏北为主,也有一部分打转后西行,绝大多数顺时针打转台风的打转中心位置随纬度的增加而偏东.打转台风生成的高发期为7～10月,占总数的73.7%,8月份生成次数最多,2月份生成次数最少.我国的南海区域和菲律宾以东洋面是生成打转台风的两个高频区,夏季和秋季是打转台风活动的高发期,夏季的打转台风生成次数稍低于秋季,但是其深入内陆的范围广于秋季,并且台风打转中心位置在夏季达到最北.     

副热带太平洋海温异常对赤道海洋的影响

利用完全耦合的气候模式进行敏感性试验, 定量研究副热带太平洋不同经度带的海表面温度异常(SSTA)对赤道太平洋的影响。研究发现, 赤道表层和温跃层海温对副热带太平洋(20°?30°N)西部、中部和东部SSTA的热力响应是相当的。 研究中强调大气?海洋耦合在副热带SSTA影响赤道温跃层过程中的决定性作用, 并提出一种间接的、较“海洋通道”机制更为快速的机制: 副热带SSTA引发局地大气的气旋性响应, 继而引起局地海洋内区的上升流和其面向赤道一侧海洋内区的下沉流, 该下沉流造成的局部温跃层暖异常向着赤道传播, 导致赤道温跃层增暖。     

重庆国泰艺术中心入口环境景观包容性设计

引入环境包容性设计的理念,对城市公共建筑入口环境景观特征进行探究,初步分析可以实现包容性的要素为:功能、文化和景观.对重庆国泰艺术中心入口环境景观目前的使用情况进行调查研究,从实现包容性的三要素分析公共建筑入口环境包容性的特征.最后总结出山地城市公共建筑入口环境景观包容性设计的手法,并对设计时应注意的问题进行了阐述.     

Relationship between real meridional volume transport and Sverdrup transport in the North Subtropical Pacific

The meridional volume transport (MVT) associated with the wind-driven gyre is an important index for ocean general circulations because it is closely related to the poleward oceanic heat transport. In particular, the mass transport by the subtropical gyre…     

The finding of natural GaN crystals in sediments from the East Pacific Ocean

Although as one of the major constituents in pelagic sediments, clay minerals have not been used unambi guously to determine the origin, provenance, and envi ronments of deep sea sediments due to their poor crys tallization state, chemical complexity and …     

Relationship between the Antarctic oscillation in the western North Pacific typhoon frequency

Relationship between the Antarctic oscillation (AAO) and the western North Pacific typhoon number (WNPTN) in the interannual variability is examined in this research. The WNPTN is correlated with the AAO in June-July-August-September (JJAS) in 1949-1998 at -0.48 for the detrended time series, statistically significant at 99% level. The tropical atmospheric circulation as well as the sea surface temperature variability over the western Pacific associated with AAO has been analyzed. It follows that a positive phase of JJAS AAO corresponds to the larger magnitude of the vertical zonal wind shear, the anomalous low-lever anticyclonic circulation and anomalous high-level cyclonic circulation, and lower sea surface temperature in the major typhoon genesis region in the western North Pacific, thus providing unfavorable environment for the typhoon genesis, and vice versa.     

Interdecadal shift in the western North Pacific Summer SST anomaly in the late 1980s

An interdecadal shift in summer (June―August) sea surface temperature (SST) variations during the period of 1968―2002 was identified in the late 1980s, which is characterized by a phase alternating from negative to positive phases of the leading mode of the empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis of the summer monthly mean SST in the Pacific domain 100°―180°E and 0°―40°N, accounting for 30.5% of the total variance. During the period of 1968―1987, the leading mode with a mean negative phase state (mean standard deviation = ?0.586) controlled SST variability in the western North Pacific. Correspondingly, negative SST anomalies occupied the western North Pacific south of Japan and Chinese marginal seas. During the period of 1988―2002, the leading mode shifted to its strong positive polarity (mean standard deviation = 0.781), thus positive SST anomalies appeared in the western North Pacific. Accompanied by the interdecadal shift in summer mean SST, summer mean rainfall increased in southern and southeastern China during the late period, particularly in southeastern China where increase in summer mean rainfall exceeded 40 mm, at the 0.05 significance level.