三重PCR方法对猪、鸡源细菌中四环素类药物耐药基因的检测

针对GenBank上已公开的四环素类耐药基因tetA、tetC、tetM序列进行比对分析,设计特异性扩增引物,建立三重PCR法快速检测方法.结果表明,单重PCR和三重PCR的符合率为100%.应用本检测方法和传统药敏试验方法(药敏纸片法)对412猪、鸡源细菌的四环素耐药基因和表型同时进行检测.PCR检测实验结果显示,在412株待检细菌中,tetA、tetC、tetM的检出率分别为47.57%,38.35%和34.95%.药敏实验结果表明,待测细菌对四环素的耐药率最高,为95%;对多西环素的耐药率次之,为92%;对米诺环素耐药率相对最低,为84%.比较两种方法,发现其检出结果的符合率为88%.说明两种方法具有较高的一致性.本研究建立了一种猪、鸡源细菌四环素类药物耐药基因三重PCR检测方法,并进行了初步应用.     

多重PCR检测病死鸡中沙门氏菌方法的研究

为了建立能够同时检测病死鸡样品中的沙门氏菌、鸡白痢沙门氏菌和肠炎沙门氏菌的多重PCR 方法.采用煮沸法提取 DNA 做为模板,选择分别针对沙门氏菌属、鸡白痢沙门氏菌和肠炎沙门氏菌的特异性基因(invA、fliC、sdfⅠ)设计引物,优化反应体系和反应参数,建立多重PCR检测方法.应用该方法对国内17家鸡场369份病死鸡样品进行沙门氏菌的检测,检测结果与传统细菌培养法的结果进行比较.结果表明,优化过的多重 PCR 可同时对沙门氏菌种、属进行鉴定,灵敏度为4.6×102 CFU/mL;多重 PCR 方法共检测出沙门氏菌34株,其中鸡白痢沙门氏菌21株、肠炎沙门氏菌5株,与传统细菌培养法检测结果的符合率分别为91.2%、90.5%和80.0%.     

采用反向PCR技术优化适合毕赤酵母表达的截短型HPV58型L1基因

目的:探讨利用反向聚合酶链反应(反向PCR)技术根据毕赤酵母偏爱密码子优化截短型人乳头瘤病毒58型(HPV58)L1基因的研究.方法:设计PCR引物扩增截短型HPV58L1目的基因,将其克隆入毕赤酵母分泌表达载体pPICZαC;测序并对目的基因进行序列分析;根据毕赤酵母偏爱密码子利用反向PCR技术设计引物对目的基因进行扩增.结果:扩增了截短型HPV58L1基因并将其克隆入毕赤酵母分泌表达载体pPICZαC中;根据毕赤酵母偏爱密码子优化了截短型HPV58L1基因.结论:成功构建经密码子优化截短型HPV58L1基因的毕赤酵母分泌表达载体pPICZαC-HPV58L1.     

编码普通野生稻磷酸盐转运蛋白基因片段的分离与克隆

以云南普通野生稻基因组DNA为模板，根据GeneBank中登记的编码小麦高亲和力磷酸转运蛋白基因保守序列设计一对特异引物，利用多聚酶链反应技术（PCR），扩增出目标基因（cwrpt)1002bp长度的基因片段并克隆到载体pGEM-T。经DIG标记探针杂交检测初筛，限制性内切酶酶切，PCR扩增，DNA序列分析与可能氨基酸序列同源性比较，此推定的氨基酸序列与小麦，水稻，拟南芥，番茄磷酸转运蛋白同源性很高，初步认为此基因片段为普通野生稻耐低磷胁迫相关磷酸盐转运蛋白的编码基因，获得全长序列与基因表达的进一步研究正在进行中。     

Developmental validation of the Yfiler Platinum PCR Amplification Kit for forensic genetic caseworks and databases

Y chromosome kits are successfully applied in cases where human biological material exists. With the development of genotyping ability, more Y chromosomal markers are needed for finer identification of male individuals and lineages. In this study, a developmental validation of a newly emerged Y chromosome kit that combines two different kinds of markers: 38 Y-STRs and 3 Y-indels are conducted. The results show that this kit has high sensitivity when there is a small amount of DNA (125 pg), more than one male (minor:major = 1:7), or a mixture of males and females (male:female = 125pg:1875pg), inhibited substances (800 μM hematin and more than 1600 ng/μL humic acid). The kit exhibits high precision level with a standard deviation of allele size no more than 0.14 nt. Locus DYS481 shows the largest stutter rate, with three stutters per true allele. Population samples are well identified (MP of 0.001106), and mutations can be observed in father–son pairs (46 mutations in 70 pairs, 10 in locus DYS627). Out of all the population samples, 13.2% belong to haplogroup M117-O2a2b1a1, with their ethnic group being Han Chinese. The results show that this kit can improve the performance of identifying male individuals, obtaining more unique haplotypes (increasing from 894 to 918 of 1000 male samples) and higher discrimination capacity (increasing from 0.942 to 0.955) in this study compared to previous widely used Yfiler Plus kit. Besides, it gives information about their paternal lineages in forensic genetic casework and genealogical database construction.     

大气温度起伏谱的测量

用直径1μm和10μm金属丝分别测量了大气温度起伏功率谱,提出了测量湍流外尺度的方法。实测结果表明：在复杂的光传输路径上至少有50%的温度谱不符合Kolmogorov的－5/3定律;用直径1μm丝进行单点测量的C2n和直径10μm丝进行双点测量的C2n较为一致;80%的外尺度不超过7m。     

淋巴细胞白血病患者CD3基因表达模式的变化

目的:了解T细胞受体信号传导分子CD3γδεζ基因在T和B细胞白血病病人中的表达特点.方法:采用SYBR Green Ⅰ荧光定量PCR和相对定量分析法检测32例淋巴细胞肿瘤病人:急性B淋巴细胞白血病(B-ALL)12例、慢性B淋巴细胞白血病(B-CLL)9例、急性T淋巴细胞白血病(T-ALL)11例及10例健康人外周血...     

Genotyping of exons 1 to 20 in Duchenne muscular dystrophy by universal multiplex PCR and short‐end capillary electrophoresis

One rapid CE method was established to diagnose Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). DMD is a severe recessive inherited disorder frequently caused by gene deletions. Among them, exons 1–20 account for nearly 30% of occurrences. In this study, the universal multiplex PCR was used to enhance the fluorescently labeling efficiency, which was performed only by one universal fluorescent primer. After PCR, a short‐end injection CE (short‐end CE) speeded up the genotyping of the DMD gene. This method involved no extra purification, and was completed within 9 min. The CE conditions contained a polymer solution of 1.5% hydroxylethylcellulose in 1× TBE buffer at 6 kV for separation. This method was applied to test six DMD patients and one healthy male person. The results showed good agreement with those of multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification. This method can be applied for clinical diagnosis of DMD disease. Accurate diagnosis of the DMD gene is the best way to prevent the disease.     

A rapid and effective method for silver staining of PCR products separated in polyacrylamide gels

With the development of molecular quantitative genetics, particularly, genetic linkage map construction, quantitative trait loci mapping or genes fine mapping and association analysis etc., more and more PCR products separated in polyacrylamide gels need to be silver‐stained. However, conventional silver‐staining procedures are complicated and time‐consuming as they require a lot of preparation and handling of several solutions prior to use. In this study, a simple and rapid protocol for silver staining of PCR products was developed. The number of steps was reduced compared to conventional protocols, thus achieving detection of PCR products in 7 min, saving time and resources. Fixation and staining solution and developing solution in present staining procedure allowed a reutilization for 12 and 8 times, respectively, reducing the cost greatly. Meanwhile, the sensitivity was significantly improved with the improved method and the minimum of 0.097 ng/μL of DNA amount can be detected in denaturing polyacrylamide gel. The protocol developed in this study will facilitate the development of molecular quantitative genetics.