树枝状聚合物PAMAM葛根素复合物的制备及肠吸收研究

制备树枝状聚合物G3,G4,G5 PAMAM葛根素复合物,研究其在大鼠不同肠段的吸收情况.采用大鼠离体外翻肠囊法、高效液相色谱法测定葛根素大鼠小肠吸收参数,以未加PAMAM组作为空白对照组,计算累积透过量及表观通透系数(Papp).葛根素在空肠及回肠段吸收明显,表观通透系数分别为(2.98±0.22)×10-6、(3.94±0.30)×10-6cm·s-1,PAMAM与葛根素形成复合物能增加葛根素大鼠小肠累积透过量及表观通透系数.其中G5 PAMAM对葛根素促进作用最为显著,葛根素空肠、回肠段表观通透系数分别增加了2.78、2.22倍(P＜0.05).PAMAM能有效促进葛根素大鼠小肠吸收.     

Starburst pamam dendrimers: Synthetic approaches,surface modifications,and biomedical applications

Dendrimers are having novel three dimensional, synthetic hyperbranched, nano-polymeric structure. Among all of the dendrimers, Poly-amidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer are used enormously applying materials in supramolecular chemistry. This review described the structure, characteristic, synthesis, toxicity, and surface modification of PAMAM dendrimer. Various strategies in supramolecular chemistry of PAMAM for synthesizing it at commercial and laboratory scales along with their limitations and applications has also discussed. When compared to other nano polymers, the characteristics of supramolecular PAMAM dendrimers in nanopolymer science has shown significant achievement in transporting drugs for molecular targeted therapy, particularly in host–guest reaction. It also finds its applications in gene transfer devices and imaging of biological systems with minimum cytotoxicity. From that viewpoint, this review has elaborated the structural and safety aspect of PAMAM for targeted drug delivery with pharmaceuticals in addition to the biomedical application.     

Functionalization of PAMAM dendrimers with nitronyl nitroxide radicals as models for the outer‐sphere relaxation in dentritic potential MRI contrast agents

PAMAM dendrimers functionalized with nitronyl nitroxide radicals were characterized. Quantitative determination of substitution with radicals was performed using EPR and electrochemical methods. The study of the ¹H NMR relaxation of the surrounding water showed how the outer‐sphere contribution to the relaxivity may be limited by the presence of the dendrimer core. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

PAMAM (poly-amido amine) dendrimer supported copper nanoparticles for chemoselective nitro reduction

Present paper reports the synthesis of biocompatible poly (amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimer by Michael addition (up to Generation 2) which has been used as a matrix for preparing copper nanoparticles using green solvent. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy – dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were used to determine the surface morphology and elemental composition of the nanoparticle. The results confirmed the FCC structure of the prepared dendrimer encapsulated Cu nanoparticles with an average crystallite size of 4 ​nm. Purely aqueous-phase chemoselective reduction of nitro group in various aromatic nitro substrates such as p-nitrophenol, p-nitrobenzaldehyde and 2, 4 dinitrophenol have been employed in the presence of eco-friendly dendrimer encapsulated Cu nanoparticles using hydrazine hydrate as reducing agent. The nanocatalyst showed high reusability up to seven runs exhibiting no significant loss in its catalytic activity. As the synthesised material is found to be biocompatible, this catalytic strategy can be used to catalyse similar biochemical reactions.     

溶剂热法制备BiFeO_3基纳米颗粒光催化剂及其性能

以聚酰胺-胺(PAMAM)树形分子为稳定剂,采用溶剂热法制得了纯相BiFeO_3纳米颗粒(A)和BiFeO_3/Bi_(25)FeO_(40)/Fe_2O_3复合纳米颗粒(B),并采用HRTEM、XRD、UV-Vis、SQUID对其结构和性能进行了表征。2种颗粒结晶良好,粒径小于10 nm,能有效光催化降解亚甲基蓝,磁性回收率分别为74.6%(A)和90.2%(B)。BiFeO_3/Bi_(25)FeO_(40)/Fe_2O_3复合纳米颗粒的光催化与磁性能均优于纯相BiFeO_3纳米颗粒,是因为复合纳米颗粒含有多种相,相界面存在异质结构有利于光生载流子的分离和迁移,并且对可见光的吸收能力更强。     

CdS/PAMAM树形分子纳米复合材料的荧光性能研究

采用荧光发射法研究了不同Cd2+与树形分子的摩尔比(负载比)条件下硫化镉(CdS)/聚酰胺-胺(RAMAM)树形分子纳米复合材料(NCs)水溶液的荧光性能,并探索了其荧光产生的机理.结果表明:在波长330 nm光的激发下,CdS/G4.0-NH2PAMAM NCs的荧光发射光谱中出现了2个峰,一个是PAMAM树形分子的...     

Synthesis of siloxane-based PAMAM dendrimers and luminescent properties of their lanthanide complexes

The 0.5-2 generations of siloxane-based PAMAM dendrimers with 1, 3-bis(3-aminopropyl) tetramethyldisiloxane (G0) as core unit were synthesized by two different methods. Their structures were characterized by FTIR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, LC/MS, TGA, and DSC. Results show that method two is more suitable as its synthetic procedure is simple and it provides higher yield than method one. DSC analysis indicates that the introduction of the siloxane linkage into the interior of the dendrimers has significant effect on the flexibility of the dendrimer structures. Lanthanide complexes of the newly designed siloxane-based PAMAM dendrimers were obtained by complexing with Eu(III) and Tb(III), respectively. The luminescent properties of the complexes in the solution were investigated. Narrow-width red and green emissions were observed from the complexes of G0.5, G1.5, and G2.0, indicating intramolecular energy transfer process takes place between ligands and lanthanide ions.     

Synthesis and Characterization of Dendrimer‐Encapsulated Bimetallic Core‐Shell PdPt Nanoparticles

Using a successive method, PAMAM dendrimer‐encapsulated bimetallic PdPt nanoparticles have been successfully prepared with core‐shell structures (Pd@Pt DENs). Evidenced by UV‐vis spectra, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, and X‐ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), the obtained Pd@Pt DENs are monodispersed and located inside the cavity of dendrimers, and they show a different structure from monometallic Pt or Pd and alloy PdPt DENs. The core‐shell structure of Pd@Pt DENs is further confirmed by infrared measurements with carbon monoxide (IR‐CO) probe. In order to prepare Pd@Pt DENs, a required Pd/Pt ratio of 1:2 is determined for the Pt shell to cover the Pd core completely. Finally, a mechanism for the formation of Pd@Pt DENs is proposed.     

Novel charge-transfer complexes of 4-hexylamino-1,8-naphthalimide-labelled PAMAM dendrimer with some acceptors: a spectrophotometric study

Poly(amidoamine) dendrimers are very interesting macromolecules with highly branched structures and globular-shaped branched polymeric architectures. They are widely used for drug and gene delivery applications. In order to provide important insight into the interactions of poly(amidoamine) dendrimers with some organic acceptors, the binding of small molecules to 4-hexylamino-1,8-naphthalimide-labelled PAMAM dendrimer (PD) have been studied by spectrophotomeric method. The acceptors used in this research include chloranilic acid (CLA), p-chloranil (CHL), 2,6-dichloroquinone-4-chloroimide (DCQ), 2,6-dibromoquinone-4-chloroimide (DBQ), 7,7?,8,8?-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ), picric acid (PA), 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ) and iodine monobromide (IBr). The spectrophotometric measurements proved that all the charge-transfer (CT) complexes are formed via a stoichiometry (PD: acceptor) of 1:2 (except for IBr acceptor). Accordingly the obtained complexes could be formulated as [(PD)(CLA)₂], [(PD)(DCQ)₂], [(PD)(DBQ)₂], [(PD)(TCNQ)₂], [(PD)(PA)₂], [(PD)(CHL)₂], [(PD)(DDQ)₂] and [(PD)(IBr)₄]. Benesi–Hildebrand and its modification methods were applied to estimate the spectroscopic and physical data.