溶剂对聚酰胺-胺树形分子模板法原位制备CdS量子点的影响

为了研究非配位型溶剂对聚酰胺-胺(PAMAM)树形分子的模板法制备CdS量子点的影响, 分别以水、甲醇及二者的混合物( ∶ ＝2∶1)为溶剂, 以4.5代PAMAM树形分子为模板制备了CdS量子点. 结果表明, 相同条件下, 以甲醇为溶剂时制备的CdS量子点为单晶, 平均直径2.7 nm, 尺寸分布窄, 发光强度高; 以水为溶剂制备的CdS量子点为多晶, 平均直径为5.7 nm, 尺寸分布宽, 发光强度低; 在甲醇与水的混合溶剂中制备的CdS量子点为单晶和多晶共存, 平均直径为4.1 nm, 尺寸分布及发光强度都居中. 这主要是由于树形分子的模板作用不同造成的. 树形分子在甲醇中能充分伸展, 起到内模板作用; 树形分子与水之间由双氢键作用而产生交联, 不利于Cd^2＋与树形分子内部基团的配位, 主要起到外模板作用; 在甲醇与水的混合溶剂中, 树形分子则同时起到了内模板和外模板作用.     

环氧树脂与树状大分子PAMAM的等温固化反应动力学研究

以等温DSC法研究了在60、65、70和75℃下,环氧树脂E-44和树状大分子聚酰胺-胺（PAMAM）体系的固化反应动力学过程,结果表明该固化反应符合自催化反应模型. 通过Kamal方程计算出各固化动力学参数,其中反应总级数m+n在2.13～2.21之间,反应活化能E1和E2分别为52.65 、65.47 kJ/mol. 由于固化后期受扩散控制,且温度越低扩散控制越显著,引入扩散因子f(α)对Kamal模型进行修正,所得的修正模型能更好地描述固化全过程.     

Application of Dendrimers in Anticancer Diagnostics and Therapy

The application of dendrimeric constructs in medical diagnostics and therapeutics is increasing. Dendrimers have attracted attention due to their compact, spherical three-dimensional structures with surfaces that can be modified by the attachment of various drugs, hydrophilic or hydrophobic groups, or reporter molecules. In the literature, many modified dendrimer systems with various applications have been reported, including drug and gene delivery systems, biosensors, bioimaging contrast agents, tissue engineering, and therapeutic agents. Dendrimers are used for the delivery of macromolecules, miRNAs, siRNAs, and many other various biomedical applications, and they are ideal carriers for bioactive molecules. In addition, the conjugation of dendrimers with antibodies, proteins, and peptides allows for the design of vaccines with highly specific and predictable properties, and the role of dendrimers as carrier systems for vaccine antigens is increasing. In this work, we will focus on a review of the use of dendrimers in cancer diagnostics and therapy. Dendrimer-based nanosystems for drug delivery are commonly based on polyamidoamine dendrimers (PAMAM) that can be modified with drugs and contrast agents. Moreover, dendrimers can be successfully used as conjugates that deliver several substances simultaneously. The potential to develop dendrimers with multifunctional abilities has served as an impetus for the design of new molecular platforms for medical diagnostics and therapeutics.     

Dendrimer as a versatile platform for biomedical application: A review

Modern chemistry is vastly fascinated by dendrimer chemistry, an area that is rapidly expanding and brimming with potential applications. Dendrimers are highly branched polymers that have multiple peripheral groups, interior cavities and they have many structural properties therefore Dendrimers play a crucial role in the fields of nanotechnology, pharmaceuticals, and medicinal chemistry. The terminal functional groups of dendrimers may be chemically linked to other moieties in order to adjust surface properties for applications such as biomimetic nanodevices. A variety of biologically active agents can be incorporated into dendrimers to create biologically active conjugates, including novel drug carriers, by utilizing the homogeneity of their three-dimensional architecture. The purpose of this review is to provide a brief overview of bio-inspired dendrimer applications, highlighting their use as drug and gene delivery agents, and biomedical diagnostic agents. In addition, the review mentions briefly some dendrimer applications in cosmetics, agrochemicals, and catalyst.     

Dendrimer building toolkit: Model building and characterization of various dendrimer architectures

We have developed a graphical user interface based dendrimer builder toolkit (DBT) which can be used to generate the dendrimer configuration of desired generation for various dendrimer architectures. The validation of structures generated by this tool was carried out by studying the structural properties of two well known classes of dendrimers: ethylenediamine cored poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimer, diaminobutyl cored poly(propylene imine) (PPI) dendrimer. Using full atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulation we have calculated the radius of gyration, shape tensor and monomer density distribution for PAMAM and PPI dendrimer at neutral and high pH. A good agreement between the available simulation and experimental (small angle X‐ray and neutron scattering; SAXS, SANS) results and calculated radius of gyration was observed. With this validation we have used DBT to build another new class of nitrogen cored poly(propyl ether imine) dendrimer and study it's structural features using all atomistic MD simulation. DBT is a versatile tool and can be easily used to generate other dendrimer structures with different chemistry and topology. The use of general amber force field to describe the intra‐molecular interactions allows us to integrate this tool easily with the widely used molecular dynamics software AMBER. This makes our tool a very useful utility which can help to facilitate the study of dendrimer interaction with nucleic acids, protein and lipid bilayer for various biological applications. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

DNA微阵列制备的新进展

随着人类基因组测序的完成和蛋白组学工程的开展，具有高产出测序的特性的DNA微阵列技术的发展日新月异，其应用已经深入到了生命科学研究的很多方面．与此同时，几种新的DNA微阵列制备技术迅速发展起来，文章介绍了滚轮放大技术、聚酰胺胺表面法、三甲氧基对胺苯基硅烷／重氮化法、化学纳米印迹法等四种制备方法的新进展。     

聚酰胺-胺(PAMAM)树状大分子对甲氨蝶呤的包合及缓释研究

以甲氨蝶呤(MTX)为模型药物,研究了G5.0PAMAM树状大分子对其包合和释放,并用13^CNMR对PAMAM-MTX包合物进行了表征.UV-Vis研究结果表明,1个G5.0PAMAM树状大分子能包合27个MTX分子,体外释放研究表明,在37℃,pH=7.4的10mmol/LTris-HCl缓冲溶液中G5.0PAMAM树状大分子对MTX具有明显的缓释作用.     

The synthesis and study of fluorescent PAMAM-based dendritic molecules

New water soluble and fluorescent PAMAM-based dendritic molecules based on the naphthalimide derivative 7H-benz[de]benzimidazo[2,1-a]isoquinoline-7-one as the fluorescent unit, have been prepared and their photophysical properties studied in aqueous solution over a wide pH range. The dendrons are all strongly fluorescent through an intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) excited state, but this can be modulated by photoinduced electron transfer (PeT) processes, which increases with higher PAMAM dendron generation.     

色谱固定相的超支化和聚酰胺-胺树状大分子接枝修饰方法研究进展

随着色谱固定相制备技术深入发展,固定相填料的修饰方法日渐成熟,主要包括固定相表面直接化学反应、表面附聚、共价接枝和超支化修饰。其中,以缩聚反应为主的超支化修饰方法自提出以来备受研究者的青睐,已经被应用于多种阴离子交换色谱固定相填料的制备。近些年来,和超支化聚合物具有相似结构的树状大分子由于其独特的物理性能、完美的树状结构和大量活性官能团,也逐渐被应用于各种色谱固定相填料的修饰,并有望进一步完善固定相填料的结构和分离性能。该文主要总结了超支化修饰方法和以聚酰胺-胺为主的树状大分子接枝修饰方法在色谱固定相填料制备中的应用,并对其未来发展进行展望。     

Photodegradation of poly(amidoamine) dendrimers peripherally modified with 1,8-naphthalimide units

This paper presents the photophysical and photochemical characteristics of four new poly(amidoamine) dendrimers of zero and second generation whose periphery has been modified with 1,8-naphthalimide units. Nitro- and allylamino groups have been used as substitutents at the C-4 position of the 1,8-naphthalimide fluorophores. The discussion is focused on the photodegradation of the dendrimers in N,N-dimethylformamide and dioxan solutions. Investigations have shown that the photodegradation of the dendrimers with 4-nitro substituted 1,8-naphthalimide proceed with yellow colour development in the solvent while no colour changes followed the same process in dendrimers with allylamino group substituent. The results also show that the photostability of the dendrimers depends on their generation.