Volatile phase profiling of mainstream smoke by glass capillary gas-chromatographic techniques

A heated injection system for a microprocessor-controlled GC has been developed for the (GC)² analysis of the volatile phase of whole smoke of a cigarette. Effects of injection port temperature and the presence of a Cambridge filter pad are demonstrated. Chromatograms are shown for smoke samples with and without a Cambridge Filter with the sample valve oven at 25°, 165° and 205°C. The use of a flame ionization and a nitrogen-phosphorous detector is illustrated.     

Effect of adsorption of vapours on the electrical conductivity of some polyene semiconductors: adsorption and desorption kinetics

The change in semiconductive properties of β-apo-8′-carotenal, astacene and methyl bixin on adsorption of various vapours on the crystallite surfaces has been studied at a constant sample temperature. The adsorption of vapours enhances the semiconductivity of the polyenes appreciably. This enhancement depends on the chemical nature and also on the pressure of the adsorbed vapour. The adsorption and desorption kinetics follow the modified Roginsky-Zeldovich relation. A two stage desorption process, the first stage of which gives a Lennard-Jones potential energy curve and is followed by a rate-determining transition over a potential energy barrier to the second stage of adsorption forming weakly bound complexes between the vapour molecules and the polyene crystallites, can explain satisfactorily the experimentally observed kinetic data.     

Solution-processable high-efficiency bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl functionalized phosphorescent neutral iridium(III) complex for greenish yellow electroluminescence

A novel and highly efficient bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl functionalized iridium(III) complex is designed and synthesized. The complex shows intensive greenish yellow phosphorescence (525?nm with 563?nm as shoulder), high photoluminescence efficiency (0.90) and moderate full width at half maximum (72?nm). The bulky bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl moiety introduced into the complex provides the excellent solubility and effective steric hindrance for solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes. The maximum power efficiency and current efficiency of electroluminescence are 4.13?lm/W and 9.54?cd/A, respectively.     

缓解铅酸蓄电池正极活性物质脱落的措施

分析了放电温度、放电电流及硫酸浓度等因素对铅蓄电池正极活性物质脱落的影响,并提出了相应的措施。     

Crystal structure of N-benzylmethylammonium dihydrogen-monophosphate monohydrate, [C6H5CH2NH2CH3]H2PO4·H2O

The salt N-benzylmethylammonium dihydrogenmonophosphate monohydrate is monoclinic with the following unit cell dimensions: a = 6.356(1)Å, b = 8.385(7)Å, c = 11.472(5)Å, = 104.32(1)°, space group P2₁ with Z = 2. The structure consists of infinite parallel two-dimensional [110] planes built of mutually connected ions and water molecules by strong O–H···O and N–H···O hydrogen bonding. There are no contacts other than normal van der Waals interactions between the layers.     

药用有机化学试卷分析与教学改革思考

对有机化学考试试卷进行了分析,针对试卷反映出的问题,提出了一些相应的教学改革措施。     

暗能量与暗物质的统一

大量可信的证据表明暗物质造成了许多漩涡星系的平坦的自转曲线;在爱因斯坦引力场方程中加入暗能量的能量动量张量后,通过假设星系中的暗能量是非均匀、球对称分布的,同样得到星系NGC3198的平坦的自转曲线,因而可认为暗物质和暗能量是同一种物质的两种表现,初步统一了暗能量和暗物质.     

再论暗物质、暗能量、引力波-中微子及力的统一问题——从宇宙微波背景辐射B模偏振之发现的物理学意义谈起

进一步探讨暗物质、暗能量、引力波-中微子及力的统一问题,结果认为:(1)以宇宙大部分星系合并成的重力真空星的类似局部暴涨解释了宇宙加速膨胀的可能是暗能量的高比例之源;证明哈佛—史密森天体物理学中心等BICEP2望远镜发现的宇宙微波背景辐射的B模式偏振信号,可能是宇宙暴涨与上述的类似局部暴涨的引力波叠加作用的结果。(2)英国《自然》杂志发表的76个"黑洞"探测所发现的强大的磁场,客观上较强有力地支持作者提出的"黑洞"(暗星)的夸克星模型:由1/3基本电荷的正负夸克以类似于金刚石的正四面体"空间点阵"组成。质能守恒定律提示1/3基本电荷的夸克可能是空心结构。(3)进一步支持"黑洞"(暗星-夸克星)作为暗物质的候选者的可行性。     

SiO2-NHC-Cu(I): an efficient and reusable catalyst for [3+2] cycloaddition of organic azides and terminal alkynes under solvent-free reaction conditions at room temperature

A novel SiO₂-NHC-Cu(I) 3b was developed and used as a highly efficient catalyst for [3+2] cycloaddition of organic azides and terminal alkynes. In the presence of SiO₂-NHC-Cu(I) 3b (1 mol %), the reactions of terminal alkynes with organic azides underwent smoothly to generate the corresponding regiospecific 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles in excellent yields under solvent-free reaction conditions at room temperature. Furthermore, catalyst 3b was quantitatively recovered from the reaction mixture by a simple filtration and reused for 10 cycles without loss of its activity.