金光釉产生金黄色金属光泽的机理研究

在实验室通过多次试验找出了金光釉的最佳配方,并制备出了金光釉。采用XRD,XRFS,SEM等测试手段,研究了釉中的物质组成、晶相、表面形貌,提出了仿金金属光泽釉产生金黄色光泽是釉中含有Ti黄色剂及金红石晶格内吸附有发金黄色光泽的发色离子(Fe2 ,Cu2 ,Zn2 )。揭示了产生金属光泽是由于金红石周围发生钛酸盐重结晶富集于表面,并整齐规则地定向排列,对光线产生镜面反射而出现金属光泽的机理。     

一种多次分相乳浊釉及其乳浊机理

研制了一种具有相当遮盖力和白度的新型分相乳浊釉，其主要成分为ＳｉＯ２，Ｂ２Ｏ３，Ａｌ２Ｏ３，ＣａＯ，ＭｇＯ，ＺｎＯ，Ｋ２Ｏ和Ｎａ２Ｏ通过电子显微镜观察，证实这种釉是分相乳浊釉，引用玻璃分相理论进行分析，探讨其产生分相现象的原因和其光学乳浊原理。     

后掠翼结冰数值模拟及实验研究

为研究带后掠角机翼的结冰数值模拟方法,通过建立三维结冰初始水膜模型以及结冰增长模型,对带后掠角的机翼进行结冰数值仿真。为验证模型的准确性,使用FENSAP-ICE软件进行同工况数值仿真,并且设计加工了30°后掠角的NACA0012翼型进行结冰风洞实验。结果表明：本模型能够对后掠翼的明冰工况进行仿真,仿真冰型与FENSAP-ICE冰型轮廓大致相同;本文计算的冰型与实验结果吻合较好,在冰角处的形状有差异但冰生长的总体趋势和大致结冰量与实验一致,沿展向不同截面冰型增长趋势也与实验大致一致。可见本文的后掠翼结冰数值模拟方法能够进行后掠翼结冰外形的计算。     

发光搪瓷釉料研究

铕激活的铝酸锶系列超长余辉发粉具有起始亮度高、余辉时间长、无放射性毒害等突出优点,成为当前一类极具发展前途的发光材料,本项目采用该系列发光材料,研究了蓄能发光搪瓷釉料,并制备了性能稳定的发光搪瓷制品。     

低温连阴雨(雪)背景下浙中一次雨凇天气过程诊断分析

2008年初中国南方地区出现了低温连阴雨(雪)天气,浙中地区也出现了罕见的大范围雨凇天气.此次历史罕见的冻雨灾害性天气在大气环流异常背景下发生:北半球经向环流特征明显:贝湖地区有阻高形势长时间维持;欧亚大陆中高维地区500 hPa 高度场西高东低,中低纬地区则表现出西低东高的特征,锋面在30°N附近较长时间维持.贝湖西南和蒙古国西部地区是这次天气过程的主要冷空气源地.来自南海和孟加拉湾的水汽通过500～850 hPa之间的水汽通道向华东地区输送,850 hPa左右的水汽辐合及大气运动上升区的配合使浙中地区出现降雨(雪)天气.700～850 hPa逆温层的存在和接近O°C的地表温度为雨凇结成提供了温度条件.边界层内局地气象条件表现出的低温、高湿和小风速特征有利于雨凇的维持.     

Micro‐Raman and infrared analysis of medieval pottery findings from Braničevo,Serbia

A selection of Byzantine table pottery (17 samples) dating from the period between the beginning of the 12th century and the first half of the 13th century, discovered at Braničevo in Serbia, were analysed by Fourier transform infrared, micro‐Raman and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy and petrography analysis. The aim of the investigation was to determine the chemical and mineralogical composition of the body and of the glaze and thus to determine the production technology. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy provided data for estimating the firing temperature and the basic mineralogical composition, and micro‐Raman spectroscopy was applied to study and characterise both the glaze and the body of the analysed sherds. It was found that noncalcareous clays, characterised by a rich mineral assemblage, were fired at temperatures between 700 and 900 °C. Oxidizing atmosphere was applied in the production of the red colour pottery. The dark and grey coloured paste of one group of sherds was produced by firing organic matter‐rich clays in a reducing environment. The main type of transparent glaze was identified as lead‐rich, and two samples were alkali–lime glazed. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

能量色散X射线荧光光谱法分析金元时代的钧窑瓷器

应用能量色散X射线荧光光谱法测定了16个金元时期钧窑瓷器胎、釉样品的化学组成。由结果可知:金元钧瓷胎具有低硅高铝的北方瓷器特点,釉则多为钙碱釉。金元时期样品与北宋时期钧窑瓷器胎釉化学组成比较,金元时期钧窑样品的化学组成变化较大,从因子分析散点图可见,北宋钧官窑样品化学组成变化不大;金元钧窑与北宋钧民窑样品制作工艺上存在继承和发展的关系,但金元时期对原料选择和配方的控制已不如北宋时期严格,反映出金元时期的钧窑已处于衰落阶段。     

试论钧窑手拉坯技艺

钧瓷手拉坯是钧窑艺术创作最为重要的成型手法之一。它作为一种独立的造型手段，具有极其丰富的表现形式和独特的造型语言。泥是柔软之物，在运动中，拉坯人赋予它筋骨，使它成为立体中空的形体，又赋予它“精、气、神”，通过双手与泥土进行对话，塑造出丰富优美的艺术造型。     

璀璨的窑变——用颜色釉进行陶瓷装饰

在五彩缤纷的陶瓷装饰中,颜色釉装饰可谓是一朵奇葩。它以绚丽的色彩和无可替代的窑变效果,带给人们高雅而又清丽的审美享受。颜色釉装饰分为具象装饰和抽象装饰,各有特色。抽象颜色釉装饰比较洒脱,随意,灵动;而具象颜色釉装饰则更能体现艺术家对釉料的控制火候,更能考验艺术家的造型和用色功底。     

Zelliges from Dar‐El Beïda Palace in Meknes (Morocco): Optical Absorption and Raman Spectrometry

Samples of zelliges, from the Dar‐El Beïda Palace built in Meknes (Morocco) in the 18th century, were studied by optical absorption and Raman spectroscopies. The results obtained by the two techniques were in agreement and show that the glazes of the zelliges are lead oxide–rich in composition. Other phases were also detected, mainly the SnO₂ cassiterite opacifier for the white glaze, and heamatite (α‐Fe₂O₃) in association with magnetite Fe₃O₄ and manganese oxide (MnO₂) for the brown glaze. For the blue and green glazes, the elements responsible for the coloring are cobalt (Co²⁺) and copper (Cu²⁺), respectively.