Electrochemical noise generated during the stress corrosion cracking of sensitized alloy 690

Electrochemical noise in current has been used to monitor the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) susceptibility of alloy 690 sensitized at 700 °C during 48 h in sodium thiosulfate at 90 °C. At 48 h of aging, the specimen failed by SCC and the corrosion current pulses had high intensity and low frequency, and were associated with the nucleation and propagation of stress corrosion cracks during slow strain rate tests. When the alloy was immune to SCC, the observed corrosion current pulses had a much higher frequency and lower intensity, indicating either uniform corrosion or passivation. The type of transients observed do not indicate the mechanism responsible for the observed embrittlement, but only the cracking initiation or propagation process.     

核电蒸汽发生器690合金管在高温高压水中的腐蚀电化学行为

通过模拟压水堆一回路水环境,研究了溶液温度(25~285°C)和溶解氧(DO)(20μg/L,2.1mg/L,8.4mg/L)对690合金电化学腐蚀行为的影响,及690合金在一回路水环境中的均匀腐蚀行为.极化曲线和光电子能谱的结果分析表明:随着溶液温度的升高,690合金的自腐蚀电位下降,自腐蚀电流密度增大,钝化区缩小;随着DO的升高,690合金的自腐蚀电位升高,自腐蚀电流密度降低,钝化区缩小;690合金在一回路水环境中的均匀腐蚀速率为0.244mg/(dm2·h1/2),形成了外层富Fe、Cr和Ni的氢氧化物和内层富Fe、Cr和Ni的金属氧化物的氧化膜.     

Q690钢-高强螺栓承压型抗剪连接试验

对32组Q690高强钢-高强螺栓(10.9级或12.9级)抗剪连接进行试验,观察到连接钢板的剪出破坏、撕裂破坏、承压破坏、净截面破坏和螺栓剪切破坏共5种破坏模式。通过分析试验数据,发现Q690高强钢有良好的局部变形能力,研究了螺栓等级、规格、预拉力和端距、边距对试件承载力和变形的影响。收集了多篇文献中的试验数据,得到剪出破坏、撕裂破坏的几何界限约为(0.7～0.9)e₁/e₂,净截面破坏试件的应力比均大于1.0。     

Genetic algorithms (GA) applied to the orthogonal projection approach (OPA) for variable selection

Multivariate curve resolution (MCR) and especially the orthogonal projection approach (OPA) can be applied to spectroscopic data and were proved to be suitable for process monitoring. To improve the quality of the on-line monitoring of batch processes, it is interesting to get as many as possible spectra in a given period of time. Nevertheless, hardware limitations could lead to the fact that it is not possible to acquire more than a certain number of spectra in this given period of time. Wavelength selection could be a good way to limit this problem since it decreases size, and consequently the acquisition time, of each recorded spectrum. This paper details an industrial application of genetic algorithms (GA) coupled with a curve resolution method (OPA) for such purpose.     

Q690高性能焊接钢管轴压临界承载力实验研究

为研究国家电网输电塔中Q690高性能钢焊接圆管的临界承载力,取长细比45和60,且考虑径厚比为31.25、37.50和43.75的三种截面,以厚度为8mm的国产Q690高性能钢板设计制作了18根焊接圆管足尺试件并进行轴向受压试验。由试验结果分析表明:试件与普钢圆管发生相同的弹性整体失稳破坏,破坏瞬时突然;而相对普通钢材,Q690高性能钢材料弹性段相对较长,管材环向约束增强,试件失稳相对滞后,临界承载力相应提高。与中国和美国相关行业规范公式计算值对比分析发现:所有规范计算值均不同程度小于试验实测结果,且长细比越大,差异越明显。上述结果进一步验证了将河南省电力勘测设计院"Q690钢管杆塔设计试验研究技术报告"得出的轴压稳定系数取值的相关规范设计公式应用于指导工程设计的可行性。     

Characterization and application of a new ultraviolet derivatization reagent for amino acids analysis in capillary electrophoresis

A new ultraviolet (UV) labeling reagent, p-acetamidobenzenesulfonyl fluoride (PAABS-F), was designed and synthesized to label and determine the amino acids by capillary electrophoresis (CE) with diode-array detector (DAD). PAABS-F is very stable and easy to synthesize. It reacted with primary or secondary amino acids very quickly under facile conditions to give corresponding derivatives in high yield with excellent sensitivity and stability. No by-products were observed in amino acid derivatives when stored at room temperature under natural daylight for at least 7 days. Both amino acids standard solution and real samples reacted with this new UV labeling reagent smoothly to form high UV-absorption derivatives. The labeled 20 standard amino acids were efficiently separated by CE and the mass detection limits (S/N = 3) were ranged from 59.3 fmol for l-tryptophan to 1.70 pmol for l-histidine.     

基于光纤光参量放大的光脉冲压窄技术的研究

在高重复频率的光窄脉冲源中,为了获得更窄的脉冲,需要增加泵浦功率|但泵浦功率的提高会使光放大器的增益趋于饱和,放大的自发辐射噪音增强,脉冲光信噪比下降.为此,提出了利用啁啾管理和光纤光参量放大相结合的脉冲压窄方案.将强度调制后的泵浦光通过相位调制引入线性负啁啾,由于经参量过程后在新的闲频光上啁啾会加倍,从而进一步增大了信号的谱宽,并通过色散补偿介质实现了光脉冲压缩.实验给出了10 GHz速率下的结果,通过泵浦光的相位调制在0.5 W平均泵浦光功率条件下得到了脉宽19 ps的光脉冲,结果与理论分析基本吻合.     

Bandwidth and stability enhancement of optical parametric amplification using chirped ferroelectric superlattice

We report a theoretical analysis and numerical simulation of bandwidth and stability enhancement in optical parametric amplification (OPA) when using chirped periodically poled KTiOPO₄. Calculation results show that the bandwidth and stability are enhanced significantly by the use of a chirped grating. Temperature-gradient and fanned gratings are introduced and chirp factors of them are deduced and calculated. The use of a fanned grating flattens the Quasi-phase-matching response and improves the efficiency. Finally, we propose a method to reduce the instability induced by an unstable pump.     

Thiosugars--derivatization agents for chiral resolution of homoleucines

o-Phthaldialdehyde was used in combination with a series of six thiosugars for the pre-column chiral derivatization of selected primary amino acids. The diastereomers were resolved on a conventional reversed-phase column and with fluorescence detection. A surprisingly effective resolution of 1-isoindolyl-(1-thioglycosides) derived from 1-thio-beta-L-fucose was observed.     

低碳中锰Q690F高强韧中厚板生产技术

对低碳中锰Q690F高强韧中厚板进行了控扎控冷和热处理工艺试验,观察了显微组织,测定了拉伸和冲击性能,并阐述了其强韧化机制.结果表明:中锰钢的显微组织为亚微米尺度的回火马氏体+逆转变奥氏体的复合层状组织.中锰中厚板1/4厚度位置的屈服强度、抗拉强度、延伸率、-60℃冲击功分别为725MPa,840MPa,27.7%,130J.逆转变奥氏体发生相变诱导塑性(TRIP)效应产生的应变硬化是中锰钢主要的强化机制;TRIP效应吸收大量的应变能,推迟颈缩,增加均匀延伸率,是中锰钢主要的增塑机制;TRIP效应有效地提高了裂纹形成功和裂纹扩展功,是中锰钢主要的韧化机制.